น้ำ(náam)

water

The clear liquid that people drink and that forms rivers, lakes, seas, and rain.

liquid; fluid

Any liquid substance; used broadly when the specific liquid is understood from context (e.g., syrup, sauce, juice). Not used to mean “any liquid” in scientific contexts.

juice; extract

The liquid naturally contained in fruit, plants, or other sources (e.g., น้ำส้มน้ำส้มnám sôm1orange juice2vinegar (esp. common usage) ‘orange juice’).

sauce; broth

Liquid accompaniment or cooking liquid in dishes (e.g., น้ำปลาน้ำปลาnáam bplaafish sauce ‘fish sauce’, น้ำแกงน้ำแกงnáam gaeng1curry/soup broth (liquid part)2curry gravy; pouring sauce ‘soup broth’).

bodily fluid (in compounds)

Used in compounds to refer to bodily fluids (e.g., น้ำตาน้ำตาnám dtaatear; tears ‘tears’, น้ำลายน้ำลายnáam laai1saliva2spit; drool (saliva) ‘saliva’, น้ำเลือดน้ำเลือดnám lêuuatblood plasma or serum ‘blood plasma/serum’).