ต้ม
dtômMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] boil; simmer
To heat liquid until it boils, or to cook something in boiling or simmering liquid.
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ต้มdtômต้มdtôm1[to] boil; simmer2boiled; poached (food)3[to] swindle; con (colloq.)ผักpàkผักpàkvegetable(s)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)หม้อน้ำmɔ̂ɔ-náamหม้อน้ำmɔ̂ɔ-náam1water pot; vessel for water2radiator (vehicle/machine)3steam boiler; water boilerร้อนrɔ́ɔnร้อนrɔ́ɔn1hot (temperature)2spicy (taste)3[to] be hot; feel hot; become hot4urgent; intense
I boil vegetables in a pot of hot water.
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Yesterday, Mom cooked chicken soup for the whole family.
Tomorrow we will boil eggs to a perfect doneness for making salad.
ถ้าtâaต้มdtômแกงgaengด้วยdûuayไฟอ่อนfai ònๆ-ซักsákพักpákน้ำซุปnáam súpจะjàใสsăiและláeรสชาติกลมกล่อมrót-châat glom-glòmขึ้นkêun
If you simmer the curry over low heat for a while, the broth becomes clear and more balanced in flavor.
2AdjectiveA2
boiled; poached (food)
cooked by boiling or simmering in liquid
Examples
ข้าวโพดkâao-pôotข้าวโพดkâao-pôot1corn; maize (plant)2corn; maize (food)3classifier: ears/cobs of corn (ฝัก)ต้มdtômต้มdtôm1[to] boil; simmer2boiled; poached (food)3[to] swindle; con (colloq.)หวานwǎanหวานwǎan1sweet (taste)2sweet; endearing (manner/appearance)3romantic; sentimental; saccharineมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
Boiled corn is very sweet.
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This boiled fish is tender and not too salty.
Two boiled potatoes are enough for one bowl of soup.
เสิร์ฟsə̀əpหมูmǔuต้มdtômกับgàpน้ำจิ้มซีฟู้ดnáam-jîm-sii-fúutจะjàช่วยchûuaiตัดdtàtเลี่ยนlîianได้ดีdâai-dii
Serving boiled pork with seafood dipping sauce helps cut the greasiness well.
3VerbC1
[to] swindle; con (colloq.)
To cheat or deceive someone, especially to obtain money or some other advantage.
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillบอกว่าbòk wâaบอกว่าbòk wâa1[to] say/tell that; report/declare that2[of text/sign] say/indicate thatได้dâiได้dâi1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerมือถือmeuu tĕuuมือถือmeuu tĕuu1mobile phone; cellphone; smartphone2handheld; portable (held in the hand)ถูกtòokถูกtòok1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3[to] touch; come into contact with [sb/sth]4to be correct/right5proper; morally right6[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)7passive marker (often adverse)มากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerousแต่dtàeแต่dtàe1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)จริงjingจริงjing1true; real; genuine2really; truly; indeed3intensifier particle (final)4truth; reality (rare as noun)ๆ-โดนdohnโดนdohn1[to] get; be subjected to (passive, often negative)2[to] be hit; be struck; be affected3[to] hit the mark; be spot on (slang/colloq.)4for a long time (Isan)ร้านráanร้านráan1shop; store2restaurant; eatery3booth; stallต้มdtômต้มdtôm1[to] boil; simmer2boiled; poached (food)3[to] swindle; con (colloq.)เรื่องrêuuangเรื่องrêuuang1matter; issue; subject2story; tale3classifier for stories/films/cases4about; regarding (as a topic marker)สเปกsà-bpékสเปกsà-bpék1spec; specification2ideal type; preference
He said he got a very cheap phone, but actually the shop tricked him about the specs.
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นักลงทุนnák-long-tunหน้าใหม่nâa-màiมักmákถูกtùukต้มdtômด้วยdûuaiคำโฆษณาkam-koo-sà-naaเกินจริงgəən-jingจากjàakกลุ่มglùmแชร์chɛɛลูกโซ่lûuk-sôo
New investors are often deceived by exaggerated claims from pyramid schemes.
เขาkǎoเล่าlâoอย่างyàangขำขื่นkǎm-kʉ̀ʉnว่าwâaถูกtùukนายหน้าnaai-nâaต้มdtômค่าคอมมิชชั่นkâa-kɔm-mít-chânจนjonแทบtɛ̂ɛpไม่เหลือmâi-lʉ̌ʉaกำไรgam-rai
He recounted bitterly that he was swindled by a broker’s commission until hardly any profit was left.
ในnaiวงwongไพ่pâiเมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉnมีmiiคนkonต้มdtômเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉanด้วยdûuaiกลเม็ดgon-lá-métสับsàpไพ่pâiเนียนniianจนjonไม่มีmâi-miiใครkraiจับได้jàp-dâai
In last night’s card game, someone duped his friends with slick deck-shuffling tricks so no one noticed.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Falling tone
dtôm
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Mid class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |