แก้ว
gɛ̂ɛoMeanings
1NounA1
drinking glass
a drinking glass; a tumbler or cup made of glass
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoแก้วน้ำgɛ̂ɛo-náamแก้วน้ำgɛ̂ɛo-náamdrinking glass; tumblerหนึ่งnʉ̀ngหนึ่งnʉ̀ng1one (number)2a; one; a single3a certain; a particular4first; top; foremostใบbaiใบbai1leaf2sheet; slip; card; ticket; bill; receipt3classifier for leaves, paper items, containers, and certain other objects4license; permit; certificate5blade
I have one drinking glass.
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Please handle the glass carefully; it breaks easily.
2NounA2
glass (material)
the material glass
Examples
หน้าต่างnâa-dtàangหน้าต่างnâa-dtàang1window2window (computing)บานbaanบานbaan1[to] bloom2[to] spread out; [to] flare outward3wide; flared4[to] balloon; [to] swell; [to] escalate (cost/size/number)นี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ทำจากtam-jàakทำจากtam-jàak1[to] be made of/from [sth]2[to] make [sth] from [sth]แก้วgɛ̂ɛoแก้วgɛ̂ɛo1drinking glass2glass (material)3classifier: glasses of drink4crystal; precious gemใสsǎiใสsǎi1clear; transparent2bright; radiant (appearance)3pure; innocent (character)4clear; ringing (sound)
This window is made of clear glass.
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This shop uses glass bottles to reduce plastic waste.
The tabletop is glass, so we must be careful about scratches.
ผนังpà-nǎngแก้วgɛ̂ɛoช่วยให้chûuai-hâiแสงsɛ̌ɛngธรรมชาติtam-má-châatเข้าkâoอาคารaa-kaanได้dâaiมากขึ้นmâak-kʉ̂n
Glass walls allow more natural light into the building.
3ClassifierA2
classifier: glasses of drink
classifier for servings in a glass (e.g., one glass of water)
Examples
ขอkɔ̌ɔขอkɔ̌ɔ1[to] request; ask for [sth]2polite request marker3[to] beg; plead4[to] wish for; pray forน้ำหนึ่งnáam-nʉ̀ngน้ำหนึ่งnáam-nʉ̀ngfirst-rate; top-qualityแก้วgɛ̂ɛoแก้วgɛ̂ɛo1drinking glass2glass (material)3classifier: glasses of drink4crystal; precious gemครับkrápครับkráppolite particle (male speaker)
One glass of water, please.
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He ordered three iced coffees for his friends.
งานเลี้ยงngaan-líiangวันนี้wan-níiมีmiiน้ำผลไม้náam-pǒn-lá-máaiหลายlǎaiแบบbɛ̀ɛpแก้วgɛ̂ɛoละláยี่สิบyîi-sìpบาทbàat
At today’s party there are various juices, twenty baht per glass.
4NounB2
crystal; precious gem
crystal or a precious gem (often poetic or in names)
Examples
ชื่อchʉ̂ʉชื่อchʉ̂ʉ1name2[to] be named; be called3reputation; renownวัดwátวัดwát1to measure2Buddhist temple3to gauge; assessมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoคำว่าkam-wâaคำว่าkam-wâathe word/term (introductory marker)แก้วgɛ̂ɛoแก้วgɛ̂ɛo1drinking glass2glass (material)3classifier: glasses of drink4crystal; precious gemเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofสื่อถึงsʉ̀ʉ-tʉ̌ngสื่อถึงsʉ̀ʉ-tʉ̌ng1[to] convey; communicate; express2[to] signify; denote; connote; refer toคริสตัลkrít-dtanคริสตัลkrít-dtan1crystal (solid with ordered structure)2crystal glass; cut glass3quartz crystal (electronics)อันanอันan1general classifier for objects, items, or abstract things2which; that (relative pronoun, formal/literary)3as for; concerning (formal/literary topic marker)4thing; item; oneบริสุทธิ์bɔɔ-rí-sùtบริสุทธิ์bɔɔ-rí-sùt1pure; clean; uncontaminated2innocent; morally pure3pure; unalloyed (figurative)4chaste; virginal
The temple’s name includes ‘Kaew’ to signify pure crystal.
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นักสะสมnák-sà-sǒmพูดถึงpûut-tʉ̌ngแก้วgɛ̂ɛoที่tîiเจียระไนjiia-rá-naiสวยsǔuaiราวraaoอัญมณีan-yá-má-niiหายากhǎa-yâak
The collector spoke of crystal cut as beautifully as a rare gem.
ในnaiวรรณคดีไทยwan-ná-ká-dii-taiคำว่าkam-wâaแก้วgɛ̂ɛoมักmákหมายถึงmǎai-tʉ̌ngอัญมณีan-yá-má-niiล้ำค่าlám-kâaเปรียบดังbprìiap-dangของรักkɔ̌ɔng-rák
In Thai literature, the word ‘kaew’ often means a precious gem, likened to a beloved treasure.
พระพุทธรูปprá-pút-tá-rûupประดับbprà-dàpด้วยdûuaiแก้วgɛ̂ɛoสีเขียวsǐi-kǐiaoส่องประกายsɔ̀ɔng-bprà-gaaiดุจdùtมรกตmɔɔ-rá-gòt
The Buddha statue is adorned with green crystal, shining like an emerald.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Falling tone
gɛ̂ɛo
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Mid class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |