ถึง

up to; as far as; only as much as

until; up to

Often emphasizes the eventual endpoint of an action or process, especially in time.

until; up to

Usually marks how long something continues or how far it extends, rather than a simple destination or numerical limit.

until; up to; as far as (colloq.)

[to] enter; reach (a period or stage)

[to] achieve; attain; reach

Stresses successful attainment of a goal or state, usually in more formal usage.

[to] come; arrive

[to] arrive; reach (Isan/Northern)

to; toward(s); into (formal/literary)

to; toward (recipient/affected party)

Marks the recipient of something given or conveyed, rather than a destination or address heading.

to; toward

Marks a destination toward which something moves or is sent; it is not used as a salutation.

to; for [sb] (formal)

although; even though

More explicitly introduces an 'although' concession, commonly presenting an acknowledged fact.

even if; no matter (what/how)

Emphasizes that even a hypothetical or extreme condition would not change the outcome.

even if; although; even though

so ... that; to the point of

Introduces a consequence reached through degree or continuation rather than emphasizing a surprising quantity.

as much as; as many as

Emphasizes a surprisingly large quantity or long duration, but does not introduce an extreme result.

then; later; only after

Emphasizes waiting to act until afterward or until a condition is met, rather than a causal result.

so; thus; then (immediate result)

Presents a direct consequence, without necessarily implying an 'only then' prerequisite.

only then; then (as a result)

about; regarding; concerning

Marks a topic more explicitly and is less restricted to particular verbs than ถึง.

about; concerning (formal)

Typically introduces subject matter treated in a text, law, or discussion, in a more formal style.