เติม
dtəəmMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] fill; fill up
to put more into a container or space until it reaches a desired level or is full
Examples
ช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1[to] help; assist [sb/sth]2please (request marker)3[to] save; rescue [sb]เติมdtəəmเติมdtəəm1[to] fill; fill up2[to] add; supplement3[to] top up; refill (services/money)น้ำnáamน้ำnáam1water2liquid; fluid3juice; extract4sauce; broth5bodily fluid (in compounds)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)เหยือกyʉ̀ʉakเหยือกyʉ̀ʉak1jug; pitcher2CL: pitchers/jugsให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)เต็มdtemเต็มdtem1full; filled2complete; entire; full (amount)3[to] be full4fully; completely; to the fullหน่อยnɔ̀iหน่อยnɔ̀i1a little; a bit2polite softener (request)
Please fill the pitcher with water until it’s full.
3 more examplesShow less
He filled the cup with rice until it was level with the rim.
ช่างchângขอkɔ̌ɔเติมdtəəmน้ำมันเครื่องnám-man-krʉ̂ʉangให้hâiเต็มdtemระดับrá-dàpก่อนgɔ̀ɔnออกเดินทางɔ̀ɔk-dəən-taang
The mechanic asked to fill the engine oil to the proper level before departure.
2VerbA2
[to] add; supplement
to add something extra to increase amount, completeness, or effect
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเติมdtəəmเติมdtəəm1[to] fill; fill up2[to] add; supplement3[to] top up; refill (services/money)เกลือglʉʉaเกลือglʉʉa1salt (table salt)2salt (chemical class)นิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀iนิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀i1a little; a bit2a small amountเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiso that; in order thatซุปsúpซุปsúpsoupกลมกล่อมglom-glɔ̀ɔmกลมกล่อมglom-glɔ̀ɔm1well-balanced in flavor; mellow2mellow; pleasantly moderate (sound/feeling/style)ขึ้นkʉ̂nขึ้นkʉ̂n1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-country
He added a little salt to make the soup more balanced.
3 more examplesShow less
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiฉันchǎnจะjàเติมdtəəmภาพประกอบpâap-bprà-gɔ̀ɔpลงในlong-naiรายงานraai-ngaanให้ดูhâi-duuเข้าใจง่ายkâo-jai-ngâaiขึ้นkʉ̂n
Tomorrow I will add illustrations to the report to make it easier to understand.
เธอtəəเติมdtəəmรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatชีวิตประจำวันchii-wít-bprà-jam-wanลงในlong-naiบันทึกban-tʉ́kเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiเรื่องราวrʉ̂ʉang-raaoสมบูรณ์sǒm-buun
She added everyday details to her journal to make the story complete.
เราraoควรkuuanเติมdtəəmตัวอย่างdtuua-yàangกรณีศึกษาgɔɔ-rá-nii-sʉ̀k-sǎaเข้ามาkâo-maaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพิ่มน้ำหนักpə̂əm-nám-nàkให้hâiข้อสรุปkɔ̂ɔ-sà-rùp
We should add case studies to give more weight to the conclusion.
3VerbA2
[to] top up; refill (services/money)
to add credit or balance (e.g., phone, card) or refill a resource that is running low
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toเติมเงินdtəəm-ngənเติมเงินdtəəm-ngən1[to] add funds; top up2a top-up (service/transaction)โทรศัพท์too-rá-sàpโทรศัพท์too-rá-sàp1telephone; phone2[to] telephone [sb]; [to] call
I need to add credit to my phone.
3 more examplesShow less
Stop by a convenience store; I’m going to top up my transit card.
น้ำมันnám-manจะjàหมดแล้วmòt-lɛ́ɛoแวะwɛ́ปั๊มbpámเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเติมน้ำมันdtəəm-nám-manให้hâiพอpɔɔไปbpaiถึงบ้านtʉ̌ng-bâan
The gas is running low; stop at a station to add enough fuel to get home.
ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnเดินทางไกลdəən-taang-glaiเราraoเติมเงินdtəəm-ngənโทรศัพท์too-rá-sàpและlɛ́เติมdtəəmEasyPassเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiสะดุดsà-dùtระหว่างทางrá-wàang-taang
Before a long trip, we added credit to the phone and topped up the Easy Pass so there wouldn’t be any hiccups on the way.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ม, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dtəəm
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |