โดย
dooiMeanings
1PrepositionA2
by; via; through
marks the agent, method, or means by which something is done (e.g., by someone, by means of, via).
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)แก้ปัญหาgɛ̂ɛ-bpan-hǎaแก้ปัญหาgɛ̂ɛ-bpan-hǎa[to] solve; fix; resolve a problemโดยdooiโดยdooi1by; via; through2in a ... way; -lyถามtǎamถามtǎam1[to] ask; inquire2[to] ask about; consult3[to] question; interrogateครูkruuครูkruu1teacher2master; mentor (respectful)3classifier: คน; ท่าน (respectful)
I solved the problem by asking the teacher.
11 more examplesShow less
He learns by watching videos every day.
We collected data by using a short questionnaire.
ทีมงานtiim-ngaanลดlótค่าใช้จ่ายkâa-chái-jàaiโดยdooiปรับbpràpกระบวนการทำงานgrà-buuan-gaan-tam-ngaanและlɛ́ตัดdtàtขั้นตอนkân-dtɔɔnที่tîiไม่จำเป็นmâi-jam-bpen
The team reduced costs by streamlining workflows and cutting unnecessary steps.
We go to school by bus.
He will send the documents to me by email tomorrow.
I talked with an old friend by video call last night.
จะjàแจ้งjɛ̂ɛngประกาศbprà-gàatให้hâiทุกคนtúk-konทราบsâapโดยdooiไลน์laaiกลุ่มglùmของkɔ̌ɔngแผนกpà-nɛ̀ɛk
The announcement will be communicated via the department’s Line group.
This report was prepared by an independent working group.
กฎระเบียบgòt-rá-bìiapใหม่màiประกาศใช้bprà-gàat-cháiโดยdooiกระทรวงศึกษาธิการgrà-suuang-sʉ̀k-sǎa-tí-gaan
The new regulations were enacted by the Ministry of Education.
ข้อเสนอkɔ̂ɔ-sà-nə̌əถูกปฏิเสธtùuk-bpà-dtì-sèetโดยdooiคณะกรรมการká-ná-gam-má-gaanเนื่องจากnʉ̂ʉang-jàakขาดkàatหลักlàkฐานสนับสนุนtǎan-sà-nàp-sà-nǔn
The proposal was rejected by the committee due to a lack of supporting evidence.
บทความbòt-kwaamนี้níiเรียบเรียงrîiap-riiangโดยdooiผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิpûu-song-kun-ná-wútและlɛ́ผ่านpàanการทบทวนgaan-tóp-tuuanโดยdooiผู้เชี่ยวชาญpûu-chîiao-chaan
This article was compiled by a distinguished scholar and reviewed by experts.
2AdverbB1
in a ... way; -ly
placed before an adjective to indicate manner, forming an adverbial phrase; often translated with -ly in English (e.g., โดยรวดเร็ว = quickly).
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillตอบคำถามdtɔ̀ɔp-kam-tǎamตอบคำถามdtɔ̀ɔp-kam-tǎam[to] answer [a question]โดยdooiโดยdooi1by; via; through2in a ... way; -lyชัดเจนchát-jeenชัดเจนchát-jeen1clear; distinct; obvious2explicit; definite; unambiguous; unequivocal3clearly; explicitly; unambiguouslyมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
He answered the question very clearly.
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ทีมงานtiim-ngaanสรุปผลsà-rùp-pǒnการประชุมgaan-bprà-chumโดยdooiรัดกุมrát-gumเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaหลีกเลี่ยงlìik-lîiangความสับสนkwaam-sàp-sǒn
The team summarized the meeting results concisely to avoid confusion.
ครูkruuอธิบายà-tí-baaiขั้นตอนkân-dtɔɔnโดยละเอียดdooi-lá-ìiatแล้วจึงlɛ́ɛo-jʉngให้hâiนักเรียนnák-riianลองทำlɔɔng-tamเองeeng
The teacher explained the steps in detail, then had the students try on their own.
โฆษณาkoo-sà-naaถูกtùukออกแบบɔ̀ɔk-bɛ̀ɛpโดยdooiสร้างสรรค์sâang-sǎnและlɛ́โดยตรงdooi-dtrongต่อdtɔ̀ɔกลุ่มเป้าหมายglùm-bpâo-mǎai
The advertisement was designed creatively and directly toward the target audience.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ย, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dooi
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |