เขา

kǎo

Meanings

1PronounA1

he; him

third-person singular pronoun for a male person (informal, common in spoken Thai)

Examples

เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillชอบchɔ̂ɔpชอบchɔ̂ɔp1[to] like; be fond of2tend to; usually3be proper; be fitting (formal)เตะdtèเตะdtè[to] kickฟุตบอลfút-bɔɔnฟุตบอลfút-bɔɔn1football; soccer2football (the ball)
He likes to play football.
3 more examples
เขาkǎoอยู่yùuที่บ้านtîi-bâan
He is at home.
เมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waanเขาkǎoไปหาbpai-hǎaคุณยายkun-yaaiที่tîiต่างจังหวัดdtàang-jang-wàt
Yesterday he went to visit his grandmother upcountry.
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiเขาkǎoจะjàเริ่มงานrə̂əm-ngaanใหม่màiที่tîiบริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtใหม่mài
Tomorrow he will start a new job at a new company.
2PronounA1

she; her

third-person singular pronoun for a female person (informal, common in spoken Thai)

Examples

เธอtəəเธอtəə1you (informal; familiar)2she; herร้องเพลงrɔ́ɔng-pleengร้องเพลงrɔ́ɔng-pleeng[to] sing (a song)เพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
She sings very beautifully.
3 more examples
วันนี้wan-níiเธอtəəไม่สบายmâi-sà-baai
She is sick today.
เมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waanเธอtəəช่วยchûuaiฉันchǎnทำการบ้านtam-gaan-bâanจนjonเสร็จsèt
Yesterday she helped me finish my homework.
คืนนี้kʉʉn-níiเธอtəəจะjàไปbpaiดูหนังduu-nǎngกับgàpเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉanที่tîiห้างhâangใหม่mài
Tonight she will go watch a movie with friends at the new mall.
3PronounA2

they; them (context-dependent)

third-person pronoun referring to people in general or a group, understood from context (informal, spoken Thai)

Examples

แถวนี้tɛ̌ɛo-níiแถวนี้tɛ̌ɛo-níi1around here; nearby2this area; this neighborhood3approximately; around this time/amountเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillชอบchɔ̂ɔpชอบchɔ̂ɔp1[to] like; be fond of2tend to; usually3be proper; be fitting (formal)กินเผ็ดgin-pètกินเผ็ดgin-pèt[to] eat spicy foodกันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
Around here, they really like spicy food.
3 more examples
เมื่อวานนี้mʉ̂ʉa-waan-níiเขาkǎoไปเที่ยวbpai-tîiaoทะเลtá-leeกันganทั้งtángหมู่บ้านmùu-bâan
Yesterday, the whole village went to the beach.
ปีหน้าbpii-nâaถ้าtâaเปิดbpə̀ətประเทศbprà-têetเขาkǎoคงkongกลับมาglàp-maaเที่ยวtîiaoกันganเยอะขึ้นyə́-kʉ̂n
Next year, if the country reopens, they will probably come back to travel in greater numbers.
ช่วงนี้chûuang-níiเขาkǎoพูดถึงpûut-tʉ̌ngการประหยัดพลังงานgaan-bprà-yàt-pá-lang-ngaanกันganมากmâakโดยเฉพาะdooi-chà-pɔ́ในnaiสำนักงานsǎm-nák-ngaan
These days they talk a lot about saving energy, especially in offices.
4NounA2

horn

a hard, pointed growth on the head of some animals

Examples

วัวwuuaวัวwuuacow; cattleตัวนั้นdtuua-nánตัวนั้นdtuua-nánthat one [animal, item]มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillยาวyaaoยาวyaao1long (length)2long (duration)3[to] grow long; become longer
That cow has long horns.
3 more examples
แพะpɛ́ตัวผู้dtuua-pûuมีmiiเขาkǎoโค้งkóongไปbpaiข้างหลังkâang-lǎng
Male goats have horns that curve backward.
นักล่าnák-lâaระวังrá-wangเขากวางkǎo-gwaangที่tîiแหลมคมlɛ̌ɛm-komมากmâak
Hunters are cautious of the very sharp deer antlers.
ในnaiพิธีpí-tiiดั้งเดิมdâng-dəəmชาวบ้านchaao-bâanนำnamเขาควายkǎo-kwaaiมาmaaตกแต่งdtòk-dtɛ̀ngเป็นbpenเครื่องรางkrʉ̂ʉang-raangป้องกันภัยbpɔ̂ng-gan-pai
In traditional ceremonies, villagers decorate buffalo horns as protective amulets.
5NounA2

mountain; hill

a natural raised area of land; a mountain or hill

Examples

บ้านbâanบ้านbâan1house; home2home (family unit)3village; hometown4classifier: หลังฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)อยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainใกล้glâiใกล้glâi1near; close (in distance/time/resemblance)2[to] be near; be close toเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillลูกlûukลูกlûuk1child; son; daughter2offspring (of animals); young3ball; spherical object4fruit5classifier: fruits, balls, and certain other objectsเล็กlékเล็กlék1small; little2young; younger; youngest3minor; slight
My house is near a small hill.
3 more examples
เมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waanเราraoเดินขึ้นเขาdəən-kʉ̂n-kǎoไปดูbpai-duuพระอาทิตย์ตกprá-aa-tít-dtòk
Yesterday we walked up the hill to watch the sunset.
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiจะjàขับรถkàp-rótอ้อมɔ̂ɔmเขาkǎoเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaไปbpaiน้ำตกnáam-dtòkอีกìikฝั่งfàng
Tomorrow we will drive around the mountain to get to the waterfall on the other side.
เส้นทางขึ้นsên-taang-kʉ̂nเขาkǎoนี้níiชันchanแต่dtɛ̀ɛยอดเขาyɔ̂ɔt-kǎoมีmiiวิวwiuเมืองmʉʉangที่tîiสวยมากsǔuai-mâak
This mountain trail is steep, but the summit has a very beautiful view of the city.

Tones

See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.

How the tone is decided

  1. Consonant classHigh class
  2. Tone markNo tone mark
  3. Syllable endingLive syllableThe vowel เ-า hides a final -ว, so it is live.

High class consonants

ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห

Result

Rising tone

kǎo

Dips low first, then rises clearly.

High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising

Tone chart

Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.

Mid classHigh classLow class
No mark + liveMidRisingMid
No mark + dead shortLowLowHigh
No mark + dead longLowLowFalling
Mai ekLowLowFalling
Mai thoFallingFallingHigh
Mai triHigh——
Mai chattawaRising——

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