ออก
ɔ̀ɔkMeanings
1VerbA1
[to] go out; exit; leave
to go out from a place; to exit or leave
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)จะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ออกจากบ้านɔ̀ɔk-jàak-bâanออกจากบ้านɔ̀ɔk-jàak-bâan[to] leave homeตอนdtɔɔnตอนdtɔɔn1section; part2episode; chapter3when; at the time (of)4time segment; periodเจ็ดjètเจ็ดjètseven (number)โมงmoongโมงmoong1o’clock (daytime hours)2classifier: hours (telling time)
I will leave the house at seven.
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The students walk out of the classroom after the period ends.
The rain has stopped; let’s go outside.
He hurried out of the office to catch the train.
2AdverbA2
out; outward
in the direction away from the inside; outward
Examples
หันหน้าhǎn-nâaหันหน้าhǎn-nâa[to] turn one's face toward [sb/sth/somewhere]; [to] face [sth/somewhere]ออกไปɔ̀ɔk-bpaiออกไปɔ̀ɔk-bpai1[to] go out; leave; exit2Get out!3[to] lead out to; extend toทางtaangทางtaang1way; route; road; path2direction; side3method; means; manner4by; via; through (means or channel)5classifier: roads/routes/ways6side/party (institutional)หน้าต่างnâa-dtàangหน้าต่างnâa-dtàang1window2window (computing)สิsìสิsì1emphatic particle (statement)2urging/encouraging particle (imperative)จะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ได้เห็นdâai-hěnได้เห็นdâai-hěn[to] get to see [sb/sth]; [to] have seen [sb/sth]สวนsǔuanสวนsǔuan1garden; orchard; park2classifier: gardens/orchards/plantations3[to] oppose; contradict; go against4[to] move against; counter (direction)
Turn your face outward toward the window so you can see the garden.
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Please pull the drawer outward this way.
He rotated the camera so the lens faced outward from him.
เวลาwee-laaเจาะjɔ̀ประตูbprà-dtuuให้hâiเอียงiiangสว่านsà-wàanเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔiเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiเศษไม้sèet-máaiพุ่งpûngออกไปɔ̀ɔk-bpaiด้านนอกdâan-nɔ̂ɔk
When drilling a door, tilt the drill slightly so the wood chips go outward.
3AdjectiveA2
[in sports] out of bounds
outside the playing area or boundary lines in sports
4VerbB1
[to] come out; appear; be issued
to emerge, appear, or be released/issued (e.g., news, books, products, laws, decisions)
Examples
ข่าวดีkàao-diiข่าวดีkàao-diigood newsออกɔ̀ɔkออกɔ̀ɔk1[to] go out; exit; leave2out; outward3[in sports] out of bounds4[to] come out; appear; be issued5[to] produce; emit; put out6[to] pay; spend; disburse7[to] quit; resign8[to] issue; publish9successfully; out (indicating comprehension or discovery)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ตอนเช้าdtɔɔn-cháoตอนเช้าdtɔɔn-cháo1morning (time period)2in the morningทุกคนtúk-konทุกคนtúk-koneveryone; everybodyดีใจdii-jaiดีใจdii-jaiglad; happyมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
The good news came out in the morning, and everyone was very happy.
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หนังสือnǎng-sʉ̌ʉเล่มlêmใหม่màiของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoเพิ่งpə̂ngออกɔ̀ɔkเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaสัปดาห์sàp-daaที่แล้วtîi-lɛ́ɛo
His new book just came out last week.
The exam results will come out by Friday, and the students are all waiting anxiously.
ผลิตภัณฑ์pà-lìt-dtà-panรุ่นrûnอัปเดตàp-dèetจะjàออกɔ̀ɔkพร้อมฟีเจอร์prɔ́ɔm-fii-jə̂əด้านdâanความปลอดภัยkwaam-bplɔ̀ɔt-paiที่tîiปรับปรุงใหม่bpràp-bprung-mài
The updated product version will be released with improved security features.
5VerbB1
[to] produce; emit; put out
to send out or produce something such as sound, light, smell, or effort
Examples
ลำโพงlam-poongลำโพงlam-poong1speaker; loudspeaker2devil’s trumpet; thorn apple (Datura metel)3megaphoneนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)เสียงsǐiangเสียงsǐiang1sound; noise2voice3vote4tone; timbre5phonetic toneที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maa1[to] come out; emerge2[to] be released; be made public3[to] turn out; end up4[to] come forward; speak outไม่ชัดmâi-chátไม่ชัดmâi-chát1unclear; indistinct2unclearly; indistinctly
The sound coming out of this speaker isn’t clear.
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She let out a loud laugh when she heard the joke.
หลอดไฟlɔ̀ɔt-faiเก่าgàoกระพริบgrà-prípแล้วlɛ́ɛoแสงsɛ̌ɛngออกɔ̀ɔkไม่คงที่mâi-kong-tîiทำให้tam-hâiปวดตาbpùuat-dtaa
The old bulb flickers and the light it emits is unstable, causing eye strain.
6VerbB1
[to] pay; spend; disburse
to pay out or spend money; to make a payment
Examples
ทางร้านtaang-ráanทางร้านtaang-ráan1the shop/restaurant; the establishment's side2by/from/via the shopจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ออกɔ̀ɔkออกɔ̀ɔk1[to] go out; exit; leave2out; outward3[in sports] out of bounds4[to] come out; appear; be issued5[to] produce; emit; put out6[to] pay; spend; disburse7[to] quit; resign8[to] issue; publish9successfully; out (indicating comprehension or discovery)ค่าส่งkâa-sòngค่าส่งkâa-sòngshipping fee; delivery charge; postage; freight costให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)สำหรับsǎm-ràpสำหรับsǎm-ràp1for; intended for; for the purpose of2as for; regardingออเดอร์ɔɔ-də̂əออเดอร์ɔɔ-də̂ə1order (purchase request)2[to] place an orderนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)
The shop will pay for the shipping for this order.
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บริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtออกɔ̀ɔkค่าเดินทางkâa-dəən-taangให้hâiพนักงานpá-nák-ngaanที่ไปtîi-bpaiอบรมòp-romต่างจังหวัดdtàang-jang-wàt
The company covers travel expenses for employees who attend training upcountry.
ทริปtrípนี้níiเราraoหารกันhǎan-ganคนละkon-láเท่าไรtâo-raiเดี๋ยวdǐiaoผมpǒmออกɔ̀ɔkค่าที่พักkâa-tîi-pákเองeeng
For this trip, how much does each person pay? I’ll cover the accommodation myself.
มหาวิทยาลัยmá-hǎa-wít-tá-yaa-laiจะjàออกɔ̀ɔkค่าธรรมเนียมkâa-tam-niiamแรกrɛ̂ɛkเข้าkâoให้กับhâi-gàpนักศึกษาnák-sʉ̀k-sǎaทุนtunบางส่วนbaang-sùuan
The university will pay the admission fee for some scholarship students.
7VerbB1
[to] quit; resign
to leave a job, membership, or position
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillออกจากɔ̀ɔk-jàakออกจากɔ̀ɔk-jàak1[to] leave; exit; depart from2from; out of (after a verb)งานngaanงานngaan1work; job; employment2task; assignment; duty3event; fair; function4work (product); creation5unit (classifier) for events6work (physics)เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเมื่อmʉ̂ʉa1when; at the time that2at; in; on (with time expressions)เดือนที่แล้วdʉʉan-tîi-lɛ́ɛoเดือนที่แล้วdʉʉan-tîi-lɛ́ɛolast monthเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingอยากyàakอยากyàak1[to] want; desire2to crave; to long forเริ่มrə̂əmเริ่มrə̂əm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toธุรกิจtú-rá-gìtธุรกิจtú-rá-gìt1business (commercial activity)2business (company; enterprise)3business affairs; work mattersเองeengเองeeng1oneself; personally; by oneself2only; just; merely3exactly that/itself
He left his job last month because he wanted to start his own business.
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นักร้องnák-rɔ́ɔngประกาศbprà-gàatออกจากɔ̀ɔk-jàakวงwongเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaไปbpaiทำtamโปรเจกต์bproo-jèekเดี่ยวdìiao
The singer announced that they were leaving the band to pursue a solo project.
เธอtəəตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiออกจากɔ̀ɔk-jàakชมรมchom-romหลังจากlǎng-jàakไม่มีmâi-miiเวลาwee-laaไปbpaiซ้อมsɔ́ɔm
She decided to leave the club after having no time to practice.
กรรมการgam-má-gaanหลายคนlǎai-konออกจากɔ̀ɔk-jàakตำแหน่งdtam-nɛ̀ngพร้อมกันprɔ́ɔm-ganเพราะprɔ́มีความเห็นmii-kwaam-hěnต่างdtàangเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangทิศทางtít-taangองค์กรong-gɔɔn
Several board members resigned at the same time due to differing views on the organization’s direction.
8VerbB2
[to] issue; publish
to formally issue, publish, or promulgate (a document, order, announcement)
Examples
มหาวิทยาลัยmá-hǎa-wít-tá-yaa-laiมหาวิทยาลัยmá-hǎa-wít-tá-yaa-laiuniversityจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ออกประกาศɔ̀ɔk-bprà-gàatออกประกาศɔ̀ɔk-bprà-gàat[to] issue an announcement; [to] announceรายชื่อraai-chʉ̂ʉรายชื่อraai-chʉ̂ʉlist of names; rosterผู้pûuผู้pûu1person; one who … (agentive prefix)2person; people (as a standalone noun in formal/register-bound uses)ผ่านpàanผ่านpàan1[to] pass (by/through)2[to] pass (succeed/clear)3[to] experience; go through4past; via; throughการคัดเลือกgaan-kát-lʉ̂ʉakการคัดเลือกgaan-kát-lʉ̂ʉak1selection; screening2selection (biology)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)วันจันทร์wan-janวันจันทร์wan-janMonday
The university will issue an announcement of the selected candidates on Monday.
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รัฐบาลrát-tà-baanออกคำสั่งɔ̀ɔk-kam-sàngให้hâiหน่วยงานnùuai-ngaanเร่งrêngช่วยเหลือผู้ประสบภัยchûuai-lʉ̌ʉa-pûu-bprà-sòp-paiทันทีtan-tii
The government issued an order for agencies to urgently assist the disaster victims.
ธนาคารกลางtá-naa-kaan-glaangเตรียมdtriiamออกประกาศɔ̀ɔk-bprà-gàatแนวnɛɛoนโยบายná-yoo-baaiฉบับchà-bàpใหม่màiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaควบคุมkûuap-kumเงินเฟ้อngən-fə́ə
The central bank is preparing to issue an announcement of a new policy framework to control inflation.
หน่วยงานกำกับดูแลnùuai-ngaan-gam-gàp-duu-lɛɛออกɔ̀ɔkระเบียบrá-bìiapป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganการฟอกเงินgaan-fɔ̂ɔk-ngənฉบับปรับปรุงchà-bàp-bpràp-bprungมีผลบังคับใช้mii-pǒn-bang-káp-cháiทันทีtan-tii
The regulatory agency issued a revised anti-money laundering regulation, effective immediately.
9AdverbB2
successfully; out (indicating comprehension or discovery)
used after certain verbs to indicate successful thinking, recognition, or understanding, as in คิดออกคิดออกkít-ɔ̀ɔk1[to] figure out; solve; get it2[to] come up with (an idea/plan)3[to] think of [sth] (after trying to remember) ‘think of the answer’ and ดูออกดูออกduu-ɔ̀ɔk1[to] be able to tell (by looking); [to] recognize [sth] by sight2[to] see through [sb/sth] ‘be able to tell’.
Examples
ตอนแรกdtɔɔn-rɛ̂ɛkตอนแรกdtɔɔn-rɛ̂ɛk1at first; initially; originally2the first part; the beginningผมpǒmผมpǒm1I; me (male speaker, polite)2hair (on the head)คิดไม่ออกkít-mâi-ɔ̀ɔkคิดไม่ออกkít-mâi-ɔ̀ɔk[to] draw a blank; can’t think of/rememberว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ซื้อsʉ́ʉซื้อsʉ́ʉ1[to] buy; purchase2[to] bribe; buy offอะไรà-raiอะไรà-rai1what2what; what kind of (modifier)3something; anything (unspecified)4what? (interjection of surprise/confusion)ให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)แม่mɛ̂ɛแม่mɛ̂ɛ1mother; mom2form of address for a woman (traditional/familiar)3prefix: female; main; baseแต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)สุดท้ายsùt-táaiสุดท้ายsùt-táai1last; final2finally; in the end; ultimatelyก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerเลือกlʉ̂ʉakเลือกlʉ̂ʉak1[to] choose; select; pick2[to] elect3picky; choosy; selectiveกระเป๋าgrà-bpǎoกระเป๋าgrà-bpǎo1bag; handbag; purse2pocket3wallet4classifier: ใบ
At first, I couldn't think of what to buy my mother, but I eventually chose a bag.
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ถึงtʉ̌ngเธอtəəจะjàบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaไม่เป็นไรmâi-bpen-raiแต่dtɛ̀ɛเราraoก็gɔ̂ดูออกduu-ɔ̀ɔkว่าwâaเธอtəəเสียใจsǐia-jai
Even though you say you're fine, I can tell you're upset.
พอpɔɔครูkruuยกตัวอย่างyók-dtuua-yàangจากjàakชีวิตประจำวันchii-wít-bprà-jam-wanนักเรียนnák-riianก็gɔ̂เริ่มrə̂əmมองออกmɔɔng-ɔ̀ɔkว่าwâaทฤษฎีtrít-sà-diiนี้níiนำไปใช้nam-bpai-cháiได้อย่างไรdâai-yàang-rai
Once the teacher gave examples from everyday life, the students began to see how this theory could be applied.
แม้mɛ́ɛข้อความkɔ̂ɔ-kwaamจะjàเขียนkǐianอย่างyàangสุภาพsù-pâapคนkonที่tîiรู้เรื่องrúu-rʉ̂ʉangความขัดแย้งkwaam-kàt-yɛ́ɛngมาก่อนmaa-gɔ̀ɔnก็gɔ̂อ่านออกàan-ɔ̀ɔkว่าwâaผู้เขียนpûu-kǐianกำลังgam-langประชดbprà-chót
Although the message was politely worded, anyone familiar with the conflict could tell that the writer was being sarcastic.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ก, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
ɔ̀ɔk
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |