หนังสือ
nǎng-sʉ̌ʉMeanings
1NounA1
book (printed work)
a set of written or printed pages bound together, usually with a cover
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)3like; as (in the manner of)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoหนังสือเรียนnǎng-sʉ̌ʉ-riianหนังสือเรียนnǎng-sʉ̌ʉ-riiantextbook; coursebookภาษาไทยpaa-sǎa-taiภาษาไทยpaa-sǎa-tai1Thai language2Thai-language; in Thai3Thai (school subject)เล่มlêmเล่มlêm1CL: books/volumes/issues2volume; bound book3classifier: knives, swords, candles, cartsหนึ่งnʉ̀ngหนึ่งnʉ̀ng1one (number)2a; one; a single3a certain; a particular4first; top; foremost
I have one Thai textbook.
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Yesterday the teacher told us to buy a new biology textbook.
I read a book before bed every day.
There is a book on the table.
He bought a thick book from the store yesterday.
I borrowed a book from the library to read this weekend.
I have one book.
This is my book.
He likes to read books in the library.
I will return this book tomorrow.
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiผมpǒmจะjàอ่านหนังสือàan-nǎng-sʉ̌ʉเตรียมสอบdtriiam-sɔ̀ɔpคณิตká-nítให้hâiจบjòpหนึ่งnʉ̀ngบทbòt
Tomorrow I will finish one chapter of the math exam prep book.
ช่วงchûuangสอบปลายภาคsɔ̀ɔp-bplaai-pâakนักศึกษาnák-sʉ̀k-sǎaมักmákพึ่งpʉ̂ngหนังสือnǎng-sʉ̌ʉสรุปsà-rùpเนื้อหาnʉ́ʉa-hǎaและlɛ́แบบฝึกหัดbɛ̀ɛp-fʉ̀k-hàtเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaทบทวนtóp-tuuanให้hâiทันtan
During finals, students often rely on summary books and exercise books to review in time.
2NounA2
document; letter
a written or printed document or letter; in broader use, any written material
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)3like; as (in the manner of)ส่งsòngส่งsòng1[to] send; dispatch2[to] submit; hand in; turn in3[to] drop off; deliver (someone/something)4[to] pass (to); feed (a ball)5[to] emit; transmit; send out6[to] escort; see off7wholesaleหนังสือแจ้งnǎng-sʉ̌ʉ-jɛ̂ɛngหนังสือแจ้งnǎng-sʉ̌ʉ-jɛ̂ɛngnotice; notification letterให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)ฝ่ายบุคคลfàai-bùk-konฝ่ายบุคคลfàai-bùk-konhuman resources; personnel departmentแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)
I have sent the notice document to HR.
3 more examplesShow less
Yesterday a meeting invitation letter was sent via email.
He wrote a request letter for information to the government agency.
บริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtออกɔ̀ɔkหนังสือnǎng-sʉ̌ʉเวียนwiianแจ้งjɛ̂ɛngนโยบายná-yoo-baaiใหม่màiให้hâiพนักงานpá-nák-ngaanทุกคนtúk-konทราบsâap
The company issued a circular document announcing the new policy to all employees.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh classLeading หA silent ห before น puts this syllable in high class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ง, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
nǎng
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |