ฐาน

tǎan

Meanings

1NounA2

base; foundation

the bottom support or foundation on which something stands or is built

2NounB1

base (operations)

a place where an organization or military unit is stationed and operates from

Examples

3 more examples
3NounB2

basis; grounds

a reason, justification, or underlying support for an idea, decision, or argument

Examples

3 more examples
We should have a clear basis before concluding that this project is worthwhile.
4NounB2

status level; rank; condition

a level, rank, or class in a system, or a state/condition (e.g., social status, legal condition)

Examples

Students were divided into four tiers according to ability so that teaching suits each person.
3 more examples
5NounB2

base (mathematics)

the number used as the foundation of a numeral system or as the base in exponentiation

Examples

3 more examples

Tones

See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.

Why is ฐาน said ถาน?

tǎan

  • Same-sounding letterฐ sounds just like ถ, so the reading uses ถ.

The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.

How the tone is decided

  1. Consonant classHigh class
  2. Tone markNo tone mark
  3. Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.

High class consonants

ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห

Result

Rising tone

tǎan

Dips low first, then rises clearly.

High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising

Tone chart

Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.

Mid classHigh classLow class
No mark + liveMidRisingMid
No mark + dead shortLowLowHigh
No mark + dead longLowLowFalling
Mai ekLowLowFalling
Mai thoFallingFallingHigh
Mai triHigh——
Mai chattawaRising——