ศาล
sǎanMeanings
1NounB1
court (of law)
a court of law; an official body and place where legal cases are heard and judgments are made
Examples
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiพรุ่งนี้prûng-níi1tomorrow (the day after today)2tomorrow; on the day after todayฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already pastศาลsǎanศาลsǎan1court (of law)2shrine; spirit houseเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofฟังfangฟังfang1listen2heed3[to] sound; seem (to the ear)คำตัดสินkam-dtàt-sǐnคำตัดสินkam-dtàt-sǐn1legal judgment/verdict/ruling2official ruling/decisionคดีká-diiคดีká-diilegal case; lawsuitของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsพี่ชายpîi-chaaiพี่ชายpîi-chaaiolder brother; elder male sibling
Tomorrow I have to go to the court to hear my brother’s case verdict.
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ทนายจำเลยtá-naai-jam-ləəiยื่นเอกสารyʉ̂ʉn-èek-gà-sǎanเพิ่มเติมpə̂əm-dtəəmต่อdtɔ̀ɔศาลsǎanเพราะprɔ́ต้องการdtɔ̂ng-gaanให้hâiพิจารณาpí-jaa-rá-naaหลักฐานlàk-tǎanใหม่mài
The defendant’s lawyer submitted additional documents to the court because he wants the new evidence considered.
หลังlǎngการไต่สวนgaan-dtài-sǔuanศาลsǎanนัดnátอ่านàanคำพิพากษาkam-pí-pâak-sǎaในnaiเดือนหน้าdʉʉan-nâaและlɛ́สั่งให้sàng-hâiคู่ความkûu-kwaamทำtamตามข้อกำหนดdtaam-kɔ̂ɔ-gam-nòtชั่วคราวchûua-kraao
After the hearing, the court scheduled the verdict for next month and ordered the parties to follow interim measures.
คดีká-diiนี้níiอยู่ในyùu-naiเขตkèetอำนาจam-nâatของkɔ̌ɔngศาลอาญาsǎan-aa-yaaซึ่งsʉ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ngพิจารณาpí-jaa-rá-naaพยานหลักฐานpá-yaan-làk-tǎanอย่างเคร่งครัดyàang-krêeng-krátก่อนgɔ̀ɔnมีmiiคำพิพากษาkam-pí-pâak-sǎa
This case falls under the jurisdiction of the criminal court, which must strictly examine the evidence before issuing a judgment.
2NounB1
shrine; spirit house
a sacred structure, especially a small spirit house where offerings are made to deities or spirits
Examples
หน้าบ้านnâa-bâanหน้าบ้านnâa-bâan1front of the house; frontage2front office; customer-facing sideมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoศาลพระภูมิsǎan-prá-puumศาลพระภูมิsǎan-prá-puumspirit house (guardian of the land)ทุกเช้าtúk-cháaoทุกเช้าtúk-cháaoevery morningแม่mɛ̂ɛแม่mɛ̂ɛ1mother; mom2form of address for a woman (traditional/familiar)3prefix: female; main; baseจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ไหว้wâiไหว้wâi1[to] wai; pay respect with palms together2wai (gesture)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)วางwaangวางwaang1[to] put; place; set (down)2[to] hang up (the phone); end a call3[to] lay (eggs)4[to] lay out; formulate; establish (plan/policy/system)5[to] set; assign; impose6[to] let go of; relinquish (attachment/prejudice)น้ำหนึ่งnáam-nʉ̀ngน้ำหนึ่งnáam-nʉ̀ngfirst-rate; top-qualityแก้วgɛ̂ɛoแก้วgɛ̂ɛo1drinking glass2glass (material)3classifier: glasses of drink4crystal; precious gem
There is a spirit house in front of the house; every morning Mom pays respects and places a glass of water.
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ชาวบ้านchaao-bâanช่วยกันchûuai-ganทำความสะอาดtam-kwaam-sà-àatศาลsǎanในnaiหมู่บ้านmùu-bâanก่อนgɔ̀ɔnงานประเพณีngaan-bprà-pee-nii
Villagers help clean the spirit shrine in the village before the traditional festival.
เขาkǎoนำnamพวงมาลัยpuuang-maa-laiกับgàpธูปtûupไปbpaiไหว้ศาลwâi-sǎanใต้dtâaiต้นไทรdtôn-traiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaขอพรkɔ̌ɔ-pɔɔnเรื่องงานrʉ̂ʉang-ngaan
He brought a garland and incense to pay respects at the shrine under the banyan tree to pray for his job.
ศาลsăanเล็กๆlék lékหน้าร้านnâa ráanถูกtòokตั้งdtângหันไปhăn bpaiทางtaangทิศtítที่têeเชื่อว่าchêuua wâaเป็นbpenมงคลmong-konและláeมีmeeการเปลี่ยนgaan bplìianน้ำnáamถวายtà-wăaiทุกวันtúk wan
The small spirit house in front of the shop is oriented toward an auspicious direction, and the offering water is changed daily.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ศาล said สาน?
sǎan
- Same-sounding letterศ sounds just like ส, so the reading uses ส.Final soundAt the end of a syllable, ล is said like น (n).
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ล, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
sǎan
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |