เย็น
yenMeanings
1AdjectiveA1
cool; chilly
having a low temperature that feels cool or a bit cold; slightly cold
Examples
น้ำnáamน้ำnáam1water2liquid; fluid3juice; extract4sauce; broth5bodily fluid (in compounds)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)แก้วgâewแก้วgâew1drinking glass2glass (material)3classifier: glasses of drink4crystal; precious gemนี้néeนี้née1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)เย็นyenเย็นyen1cool; chilly2evening (late afternoon to dusk)3cool (personality); calm4[to] be cool; become coolมากๆmâak mâakมากๆmâak mâakvery; extremely; so much (emphatic)
The water in this glass is very cold.
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This room has the air conditioner on, so it's nice and cool.
A cool breeze from the sea blows in and feels comfortable.
It's slightly cool in the morning, so you need a light jacket.
Today, the rice is served cold.
May I have one iced tea, please?
I like eating cold noodles in the summer.
เขาkǎoเตรียมdtriiamของว่างkɔ̌ɔng-wâangเย็นyenไว้wáiต้อนรับแขกdtɔ̂ɔn-ráp-kɛ̀ɛkหลังlǎngประชุมbprà-chum
He prepared cold refreshments to welcome the guests after the meeting.
2NounA1
evening (late afternoon to dusk)
the time of day from late afternoon until early night; around sunset
Examples
เย็นนี้yen-níiเย็นนี้yen-níi1this evening2this evening's (as a modifier)ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already pastวิ่งwîngวิ่งwîng1[to] run2[to] run (operate; be in service)3[to] flow; courseที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerสวนsǔuanสวนsǔuan1garden; orchard; park2classifier: gardens/orchards/plantations3[to] oppose; contradict; go against4[to] move against; counter (direction)
This evening I’m going running at the park.
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He goes home every evening.
On Friday evenings, the roads are usually jammed.
3AdjectiveB1
cool (personality); calm
showing calmness or a restrained, not very emotional manner
Examples
เธอtəəเธอtəə1you (informal; familiar)2she; herพูดด้วยpûut-dûuaiพูดด้วยpûut-dûuai[to] speak with [sb]; [to] talk to [sb]น้ำเสียงnáam-sǐiangน้ำเสียงnáam-sǐiang1tone of voice; vocal tone2tone; tenor (figurative)เย็นyenเย็นyen1cool; chilly2evening (late afternoon to dusk)3cool (personality); calm4[to] be cool; become coolเฉยchə̌əiเฉยchə̌əi1indifferent; unfazed2just; merely; simply3calm; unruffled4[to] stay indifferent/not reactแม้mɛ́ɛแม้mɛ́ɛ1even if; although; even though2evenจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)โกรธgròotโกรธgròot1angry; mad2[to] be angry (at/with/about)อยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remain
She spoke in a calm, restrained tone even though she was angry.
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เขาkǎoรับrápข่าวร้ายkàao-ráaiด้วยdûuaiสีหน้าsǐi-nâaเย็นyenเฉยchə̌əiไม่mâiแสดงsà-dɛɛngอารมณ์aa-romออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maa
He received the bad news with a calm face, showing no emotion.
The boss is calm and listens to everyone before deciding.
แม้mɛ́ɛการประชุมgaan-bprà-chumจะjàตึงเครียดdtʉng-krîiatเธอtəəก็gɔ̂ยังyangรักษาท่าrák-sǎa-tâaทีtiiเย็นyenเฉยchə̌əiและlɛ́คิดkítเป็นระบบbpen-rá-bòp
Even though the meeting was tense, she maintained a composed manner and thought systematically.
4VerbB1
[to] be cool; become cool
to have a cool or cold temperature, or to become cool, especially after being hot
Examples
พอporพอpor1enough; sufficient2enough; sufficiently3[to] suffice; be enough4quite; rather; fairly5as soon as; whenบ่ายbàaiบ่ายbàai1afternoon2in the afternoon3[to] slant; lean; turn asideแก่ๆgàe gàeแก่ๆgàe gàe1old; elderly; rather old2quite mature (of crops/fruit); ready to harvestลมlomลมlom1wind2gas; flatulence3air (breath); life-force (traditional)4nonsense; empty talk (fig.)เริ่มrêrmเริ่มrêrm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toพัดpátพัดpát1[to] blow; [to] fan2fan; hand fan3classifier: อัน4[to] blow; sweep; carry alongแรงraengแรงraeng1strong; intense; severe2force; strength; power3hard; strongly (adverbial use)อากาศaa-gàatอากาศaa-gàat1air2weatherก็gâwก็gâw1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerเริ่มrêrmเริ่มrêrm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toเย็นลงyen longเย็นลงyen long1[to] cool down; become cooler2[to] calm down; ease; lessen
By late afternoon, the wind started to blow strongly and the air started to become cooler.
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หลังlăngฝนตกfŏn dtòkห้องครัวhông kruuaค่อยๆkôi kôiเย็นลงyen longจนjonไม่ต้องmâi dtôngเปิดbpèrtพัดลมpát lom
After the rain, the kitchen gradually became cooler to the point we didn’t need to turn on the fan.
พอporเมฆmêkบังแดดbang dàetสนามหญ้าsà-năam yâaก็gâwเย็นลงyen longทำให้tam hâiเด็กๆdèk dèkออกมาòk maaเล่นlênได้dâiสบายsà-baai
When clouds blocked the sun, the lawn became cooler, allowing the kids to play comfortably.
พอpɔɔเปิดbpə̀ətหน้าต่างnâa-dtàangไว้wáiทั้งคืนtáng-kʉʉnอุณหภูมิun-hà-puumในบ้านnai-bâanก็gɔ̂เย็นลงyen-longอย่างเห็นได้ชัดyàang-hěn-dâai-chátตอนเช้าdtɔɔn-cháo
After leaving the windows open all night, the temperature in the house became noticeably cooler in the morning.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
yen
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |