หลัก
làkMeanings
1AdjectiveA2
main; principal; primary
Most important, central, or primary in status or role.
Examples
หน้าที่nâa-tîiหน้าที่nâa-tîi1duty; responsibility2function; roleหลักlàkหลักlàk1main; principal; primary2principle; basis; foundation3post; pillar; stake4classifier: posts; stakes; digit positionsของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnmy; mineคือkʉʉคือkʉʉ1to be (definition/identification)2namely; that is; i.e.ดูแลduu-lɛɛดูแลduu-lɛɛ1[to] take care of; look after2[to] supervise; be in charge of3[to] maintain; keep in good conditionลูกค้าlûuk-káaลูกค้าlûuk-káacustomer; client
My main duty is to take care of customers.
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The family's primary income comes from trading.
เหตุผลhèet-pǒnหลักlàkที่tîiเราraoเลือกlʉ̂ʉakที่นี่tîi-nîiคือkʉʉการเดินทางgaan-dəən-taangสะดวกsà-dùuak
The main reason we chose this place is the convenient commute.
2NounB1
principle; basis; foundation
A fundamental rule, concept, or rationale that underlies a system, belief, or method.
Examples
ครูสอนkruu sŏnว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeหลักlàkหลักlàk1main; principal; primary2principle; basis; foundation3post; pillar; stake4classifier: posts; stakes; digit positionsของkŏngของkŏng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsวิชานี้wí-chaa néeวิชานี้wí-chaa néethis subject; this courseคือkeuคือkeu1to be (definition/identification)2namely; that is; i.e.เข้าใจkâo jaiเข้าใจkâo jai1[to] understand; grasp2[to] assume; take sth to be true3[to be] understanding (of [sb])เหตุผลhèt pŏnเหตุผลhèt pŏn1reason; justification2reasoning; rationalityไม่ใช่mâi châiไม่ใช่mâi châi1is/are/am not; not (to be)2no (disagreement/denial)3not (emphatic correction)ท่องจำtông jamท่องจำtông jam[to] memorize; [to] learn by heart; [to] learn by rote
The teacher taught that the principle of this subject is to understand the reasoning, not to memorize.
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ในnaiการทำgaan tamงานวิจัยngaan wí-jaiเราraoต้องdtôngยึดหลักyéut làkวิธีวิทยาwí-tee-wít-tá-yaaที่ชัดเจนtêe chát jaynเพื่อให้pêuua hâiผลpŏnน่าเชื่อถือnâa chêuua tĕu
In research, we must adhere to clear methodological principles to make the results credible.
ผมpǒmบริหารbɔɔ-rí-hǎanทีมtiimตามdtaamหลักlàkความโปร่งใสkwaam-bpròong-sǎiและlɛ́ความรับผิดชอบkwaam-ráp-pìt-chɔ̂ɔpเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaสร้างsâangความไว้วางใจkwaam-wái-waang-jai
I manage the team based on principles of transparency and accountability to build trust.
นักกฎหมายnák-gòt-mǎaiอธิบายà-tí-baaiว่าwâaหลักlàkนิติรัฐní-dtì-rátเป็นbpenกรอบgrɔ̀ɔpคิดkítที่tîiกำกับgam-gàpการใช้gaan-cháiอำนาจam-nâatของkɔ̌ɔngรัฐrát
The lawyer explained that the rule-of-law principle is a conceptual framework that governs the exercise of state power.
3NounB2
post; pillar; stake
A vertical supporting member such as a post, pillar, or stake.
Examples
เขาตอกkǎo-dtɔ̀ɔkเขาตอกkǎo-dtɔ̀ɔkKho Tok; Khao Tok (toponym)หลักlàkหลักlàk1main; principal; primary2principle; basis; foundation3post; pillar; stake4classifier: posts; stakes; digit positionsไม้máaiไม้máai1wood; timber2stick; rod; club; bat3classifier: skewers of food4tone/diacritic mark (Thai orthography)5tool; implementรอบrɔ̂ɔpรอบrɔ̂ɔp1around; surrounding2round; cycle; lap; turn3time slot; session4perimeter; circumference; surrounding area5classifier: rounds; laps; showings6all around; fullyแปลงผักbplɛɛng-pàkแปลงผักbplɛɛng-pàkvegetable plot; vegetable bedเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] act; behave3[to] cook; prepare food4[to] do; carry out (work)5[to] cause; makeรั้วrúuaรั้วrúua1fence; enclosure2railings; barrierชั่วคราวchûua-kraaoชั่วคราวchûua-kraao1temporary; provisional; interim2temporarily; for the time being
He drove wooden posts around the vegetable plot to make a temporary fence.
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สะพานsà-paanเล็กๆlék lékนี้néeพังpangเพราะpráwหลักlàkที่รองรับtêe rong rápอยู่ใต้yòo dtâiดินdinผุกร่อนpù-gròn
This small bridge collapsed because the supporting pillars underground had decayed.
ช่างchângกำลังgam-langตั้งdtângหลักคอนกรีตlàk-kɔɔn-grìitให้ได้hâi-dâaiระดับrá-dàpก่อนgɔ̀ɔnยกyókคานkaanขึ้นkʉ̂nวางwaang
The builders are setting the concrete pillars level before lifting the beam into place.
ถ้าtâaไม่mâiเสริมsə̌əmหลักเหล็กlàk-lèkเพิ่มpə̂əmโครงสร้างkroong-sâangศาลาsǎa-laaอาจàatเอียงiiangเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaรับน้ำหนักráp-nám-nàkลมแรงlom-rɛɛng
If additional steel posts aren’t reinforced, the pavilion’s structure may tilt under strong winds.
4ClassifierB2
classifier: posts; stakes; digit positions
A classifier used to count posts or stakes, and the digit positions in a number.
Examples
กรุณาgà-rú-naaกรุณาgà-rú-naa1please (polite/formal request)2kindness; benevolence3kind; benevolentกรอกรหัสgrɔ̀ɔk-rá-hàtกรอกรหัสgrɔ̀ɔk-rá-hàt[to] enter a code/passwordหกhòkหกhòk1six (6)2[to] spillหลักlàkหลักlàk1main; principal; primary2principle; basis; foundation3post; pillar; stake4classifier: posts; stakes; digit positionsที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerส่งไปsòng-bpaiส่งไปsòng-bpai[to] send [sb/sth] to [somewhere]; [to] dispatchทางtaangทางtaang1way; route; road; path2direction; side3method; means; manner4by; via; through (means or channel)5classifier: roads/routes/ways6in terms of; in the field of7side/party (institutional)ข้อความkɔ̂ɔ-kwaamข้อความkɔ̂ɔ-kwaam1message; text2statement; contentแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)กดgòtกดgòt1[to] press; push down2[to] click; tap (button/key)3[to] suppress; hold downปุ่มbpùmปุ่มbpùm1button (device control)2key (keyboard)3knob; bump4papilla; nodule (biol./med.)ยืนยันyʉʉn-yanยืนยันyʉʉn-yan1[to] confirm; affirm2[to] insist; stand firm3[to] verify; validate; authenticate
Please enter the six-digit code sent by text message, then press the confirm button.
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ครูkruuเขียนkǐianเลขสามlêek-sǎamหลักlàkบนbonกระดานgrà-daanแล้วlɛ́ɛoให้hâiนักเรียนnák-riianอ่านàanพร้อมกันprɔ́ɔm-gan
The teacher wrote a three-digit number on the board and had the students read it aloud together.
แม้mɛ́ɛรหัสrá-hàtจะjàขึ้นต้นkʉ̂n-dtônด้วยdûuaiศูนย์sǔunก็gɔ̂ต้องdtɔ̂ngกรอกgrɔ̀ɔkให้hâiครบkrópทั้งห้าtáng-hâaหลักlàkมิฉะนั้นmí-chà-nánระบบrá-bòpจะjàไม่mâiยอมรับyɔɔm-ráp
Even if the code begins with zero, you must enter all five digits; otherwise, the system will not accept it.
เจ้าหน้าที่jâao-nâa-tîiพบว่าpóp-wâaหลักเขตlàk-kèetสองsɔ̌ɔngหลักlàkถูกtùukย้ายไปyáai-bpaiจากjàakตำแหน่งdtam-nɛ̀ngเดิมdəəmจึงjʉngต้องdtɔ̂ngรังrangวัดที่ดินwát-tîi-dinใหม่mài
Officials found that two boundary stakes had been moved from their original positions, so the land had to be surveyed again.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh classLeading หA silent ห before ล puts this syllable in high class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ก, a stop, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
làk
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |