หิน
hǐnMeanings
1NounA1
stone; rock
a hard natural mineral material; a piece of rock
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)เห็นhěnเห็นhěn1[to] see2[to] notice; [to] realize; [to] find (that)3[to] think; [to] be of the opinion4[to] consider; [to] regard asหินhǐnหินhǐn1stone; rock2gravel; small stones3hard; tough (figurative)ใหญ่yàiใหญ่yài1big; large2major; important3elder; seniorริมทางrim-taangริมทางrim-taang1roadside; edge of the road2by the roadside
I see a big rock by the road.
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The child picks up a rock from the beach.
Yesterday we found a strangely shaped rock on the mountain.
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiครูkruuจะพาjà-paaไปดูbpai-duuหินhǐnตามdtaamลำธารlam-taanใกล้glâiโรงเรียนroong-riian
Tomorrow the teacher will take us to look at rocks along the stream near the school.
2NounA2
gravel; small stones
small pieces of rock used for construction or surfacing
Examples
ถนนtà-nŏnถนนtà-nŏnroad; streetหน้าบ้านnâa bâanหน้าบ้านnâa bâan1front of the house; frontage2front office; customer-facing sideโรยหินroy hĭnโรยหินroy hĭn[to] lay gravel; [to] sprinkle stonesเล็กlékเล็กlék1small; little2young; younger; youngest3minor; slightๆ-
The road in front of the house is covered with small stones.
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Yesterday the technician poured cement and sprinkled stones on top to pack it tight.
สวนsǔuanใหม่màiของเราkɔ̌ɔng-raoใช้cháiหินhǐnโรยrooiทางเดินtaang-dəənแทนtɛɛnดินdinเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเดินdəənได้dâaiสะดวกsà-dùuak
Our new garden uses stones to cover the path instead of soil so it’s easier to walk.
ทางเข้าtaang-kâoบ้านbâanปูbpuuหินกรวดhǐn-grùuatเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganโคลนkloonเวลาwee-laaฝนตกfǒn-dtòk
The entrance to the house is surfaced with gravel to prevent mud when it rains.
3AdjectiveB1
hard; tough (figurative)
very difficult or demanding to do or deal with
Examples
ข้อสอบkɔ̂ɔ-sɔ̀ɔpข้อสอบkɔ̂ɔ-sɔ̀ɔp1exam paper; test paper; set of exam questions2exam question; test itemวิชานี้wí-chaa-níiวิชานี้wí-chaa-níithis subject; this courseหินมากhǐn-mâakหินมากhǐn-mâakvery difficultนักเรียนnák-riianนักเรียนnák-riianschool student; pupilหลายคนlǎai-konหลายคนlǎai-konmany/several peopleทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] act; behave3[to] cook; prepare food4[to] do; carry out (work)5[to] cause; makeไม่ทันmâi-tanไม่ทันmâi-tan1not in time; too late2[to] miss [sth]; fail to be in time (for [sth])3[to] not keep up (with [sb]/[sth]); be outpaced4[to] not get the chance to (do [sth])
The exam for this subject is very tough; many students couldn't finish in time.
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โปรเจกต์bproo-jèekนี้níiหินhǐnเพราะprɔ́มีmiiเงื่อนไขngʉ̂ʉan-kǎiเยอะyə́และlɛ́กำหนดส่งgam-nòt-sòngก็gɔ̂ใกล้glâiมากmâak
This project is tough because there are many requirements and the deadline is very close.
การเจรจาgaan-jee-rá-jaaรอบนี้rɔ̂ɔp-níiหินhǐnกว่าที่gwàa-tîiคิดkítเพราะprɔ́อีกฝ่ายìik-fàaiไม่mâiยอมyɔɔmปรับbpràpข้อเสนอkɔ̂ɔ-sà-nə̌əเลยləəi
This round of negotiations is tougher than expected because the other side refuses to adjust their offer.
งานวิจัยngaan-wí-jaiชิ้นนี้chín-níiหินhǐnตรงที่dtrong-tîiต้องdtɔ̂ngเก็บข้อมูลgèp-kɔ̂ɔ-muunภาคสนามpâak-sà-nǎamจำนวนมากjam-nuuan-mâakภายในpaai-naiเวลาจำกัดwee-laa-jam-gàt
This research is tough in that it requires extensive field data collection within a limited time.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
hǐn
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |