แน่น
nɛ̂nMeanings
1AdjectiveA2
tight; secure; firm
fitting closely or held firmly so it does not move or come off
Examples
ปิดbpìtปิดbpìt1[to] close; shut2[to] turn off; switch off3closed; shut; not open4[to] cover; seal5[to] block; conceal; suppress; withholdฝาขวดfǎa-kùuatฝาขวดfǎa-kùuatbottle cap; bottle lidให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)แน่นnɛ̂nแน่นnɛ̂n1tight; secure; firm2crowded; packed3uncomfortably full; bloated; tight4solid; reliable; certain (figurative)นะnáนะná1softener; friendly particle2persuasive/confirming particleจะได้jà-dâaiจะได้jà-dâai1so that; in order that; that way2will be able to; get to; come to3then; so (result in instructions/explanations)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)หกhòkหกhòk1six (6)2[to] spill
Close the bottle cap tightly so it won’t spill.
3 more examplesShow less
The mechanic tightened the nut so firmly that I couldn't loosen it myself.
These shoes fit tightly and won’t come off when walking.
ตรวจดูdtrùuat-duuให้แน่ใจhâi-nɛ̂ɛ-jaiว่าwâaสายรัดsǎai-rátหมวกกันน็อกmùuak-gan-nɔ́kแน่นnɛ̂nดีdiiเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiเลื่อนlʉ̂ʉanขณะkà-nàขี่kìi
Make sure the helmet strap is secure so it won’t shift while riding.
2AdjectiveB1
crowded; packed
filled densely with people or things
Examples
เช้านี้cháao-níiเช้านี้cháao-níithis morningรถไฟrót-faiรถไฟrót-fai1train2railway; rail serviceแน่นnɛ̂nแน่นnɛ̂n1tight; secure; firm2crowded; packed3uncomfortably full; bloated; tight4solid; reliable; certain (figurative)คนkonคนkon1person; human2classifier: peopleขึ้นkʉ̂nขึ้นkʉ̂n1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-countryกันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkเต็มdtemเต็มdtem1full; filled2complete; entire; full (amount)3[to] be full4fully; completely; to the fullขบวนkà-buuanขบวนkà-buuan1train (set)2procession; parade; convoy3classifier: trains (by set); processions; grouped vehicles
This morning the train was packed, full of people.
3 more examplesShow less
ตลาดนัดdtà-làat-nátวันอาทิตย์wan-aa-títแน่นไปด้วยnɛ̂n-bpai-dûuaiผู้คนpûu-konและlɛ́แผงขายpɛ̌ɛng-kǎaiของkɔ̌ɔngนับร้อยnáp-rɔ́ɔi
The Sunday market is crowded with people and hundreds of stalls.
ห้องประชุมhɔ̂ng-bprà-chumแน่นnɛ̂nจนjonต้องdtɔ̂ngยืนyʉʉnฟังfangเพราะprɔ́มีmiiคนkonมาmaaร่วมงานrûuam-ngaanเกินคาดgəən-kâat
The conference room was so packed that people had to stand, as attendance exceeded expectations.
ช่วงchûuangเทศกาลtêet-sà-gaanสถานีขนส่งsà-tǎa-nii-kǒn-sòngผู้pûuคนแน่นkon-nɛ̂nทั้งtángร้านค้าráan-káaและlɛ́ชานชาลาchaan-chaa-laaเพราะprɔ́นักท่องเที่ยวnák-tɔ̂ɔng-tîiaoหลั่งไหลlàng-lǎiมาmaa
During the festival, the bus terminal was packed with people in both the shops and platforms because tourists were pouring in.
3AdjectiveB1
uncomfortably full; bloated; tight
feeling uncomfortable fullness or pressure in the stomach or tightness in the chest
Examples
กินginกินgin1[to] eat2[to] drink (colloquial/with some nouns)3[to] consume; use up4[to] corrode; erode; eat into5[to] take (a bribe); pocketบุฟเฟต์bùp-feeบุฟเฟต์bùp-feebuffet (self-serve meal)เยอะyə́เยอะyə́1many; much; a lot (of)2a lot; much (colloq.)3excessive; too muchไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already pastหน้าท้องnâa-tɔ́ɔngหน้าท้องnâa-tɔ́ɔngabdomen; bellyรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀kรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀k1[to] feel; sense2[to] feel that…; think (impression/opinion)แน่นnɛ̂nแน่นnɛ̂n1tight; secure; firm2crowded; packed3uncomfortably full; bloated; tight4solid; reliable; certain (figurative)มากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
I ate too much at the buffet; my stomach feels very tight.
3 more examplesShow less
พอporวิ่งขึ้นwîng kûenบันไดban-daiเร็วreoๆ-ฉันchănรู้สึกrúu-sèukแน่นหน้าอกnâen nâa-òkจนjonต้องdtôngหยุดพักyùt pák
After quickly running up the stairs, I felt tightness in my chest and had to stop to rest.
ดื่มdʉ̀ʉmน้ำอัดลมnáam-àt-lomแล้วlɛ́ɛoท้องtɔ́ɔngแน่นnɛ̂nเหมือนmʉ̌ʉanอากาศaa-gàatค้างอยู่káang-yùuในnaiท้องtɔ́ɔng
After drinking soda my stomach feels tight, like air is trapped inside.
เครียดkrîatสะสมsà-sŏmทำให้tam hâiรู้สึกrúu-sèukแน่นหน้าอกnâen nâa-òkเป็นระยะbpen rá-yáๆ-แม้máeไม่ได้mâi dâaiออกแรงòk raengมากmâak
Accumulated stress causes intermittent chest tightness even without much exertion.
4AdjectiveB2
solid; reliable; certain (figurative)
dependable or assured; unlikely to fail or change
Examples
แผนสำรองpɛ̌ɛn-sǎm-rɔɔngแผนสำรองpɛ̌ɛn-sǎm-rɔɔngbackup plan; contingency plan; Plan Bของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsทีมเราtiim-raoทีมเราtiim-raoour teamถือว่าtʉ̌ʉ-wâaถือว่าtʉ̌ʉ-wâa1[to] consider; regard; deem2it can be considered that; it's fair to sayแน่นnɛ̂nแน่นnɛ̂n1tight; secure; firm2crowded; packed3uncomfortably full; bloated; tight4solid; reliable; certain (figurative)ถ้าtâaถ้าtâaif; in caseแผนหลักpɛ̌ɛn-làkแผนหลักpɛ̌ɛn-làkmaster plan; main planมีปัญหาmii-bpan-hǎaมีปัญหาmii-bpan-hǎa[to] have a problem; there is a problemก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)เดินdəənเดินdəən1[to] walk; go on foot2[to] proceed; go; move along3[to] run; operate (machine/system)4[to] run; operate; keep runningงานngaanงานngaan1work; job; employment2task; assignment; duty3event; fair; function4work (product); creation5unit (classifier) for events6work (physics)ต่อdtɔ̀ɔต่อdtɔ̀ɔ1[to] continue; go on2per; each (rate/unit)3[to] connect; attach; join4[to] bargain; haggle5[to] renew; extendได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action marker
Our backup plan is dependable; if the main plan has issues, we can still proceed.
3 more examplesShow less
งบประมาณngóp-bprà-maanปีนี้bpii-níiจัดการjàt-gaanไว้wáiแน่นnɛ̂nไม่มีmâi-miiความเสี่ยงkwaam-sìiangเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangเงินสดngən-sòtขาดมือkàat-mʉʉ
This year's budget is assured; there's no risk of running short of cash.
สัญญาsǎn-yaaนี้níiเงื่อนไขngʉ̂ʉan-kǎiแน่นnɛ̂nลูกค้าlûuk-káaจึงjʉngมั่นใจmân-jaiได้dâaiว่าwâaบริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtจะjàไม่mâiเปลี่ยนbplìianข้อตกลงkɔ̂ɔ-dtòk-longกลางคันglaang-kan
The conditions of this contract are solid, so clients can be confident the company won't change terms midway.
ข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunที่tîiเราraoวิเคราะห์wí-krɔ́มาmaaนั้นnánแน่นnɛ̂nพอจะpɔɔ-jàรองรับrɔɔng-rápข้อเสนอkɔ̂ɔ-sà-nə̌əและlɛ́ไม่น่าจะmâi-nâa-jàพังทลายpang-tá-laaiด้วยdûuaiข้อโต้แย้งkɔ̂ɔ-dtôo-yɛ́ɛngเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔi
The data we've analyzed is robust enough to support the proposal and unlikely to be undermined by minor objections.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
nɛ̂n
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + Mai ek → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |