ฮอด
hɔ̂ɔtMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] arrive; reach (Isan/Northern)
to arrive at or reach a place or time; dialectal form used in Isan and Northern Thai
Examples
3 more examplesShow less
The train arrived at the station this morning.
I will arrive in Bangkok at 2 p.m.
เธอtəəบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaเฮาสิฮอดhao-sì-hɔ̂ɔtสนามบินsà-nǎam-binก่อนgɔ̀ɔnฝนตกfǒn-dtòkถ้าtâaเครื่องkrʉ̂ʉangบ่าbàaดีเลย์dii-lee
She said we would reach the airport before it rains, if the flight isn’t delayed.
2PrepositionA2
until; up to (Isan/Northern)
Indicating a limit in time in Isan and Northern Thai.
Examples
เฮ็ดงานhét-ngaanเฮ็ดงานhét-ngaan[to] work; [to] do one’s job (Isan/Lao)ฮอดhɔ̂ɔtฮอดhɔ̂ɔt1[to] arrive; reach (Isan/Northern)2until; up to (Isan/Northern)3as far as; all the way to (Isan/Northern)4until; up to; as far as (Isan/Northern)5arrived; reached (dialectal)หกhòkหกhòk1six (6)2[to] spillโมงmoongโมงmoong1o’clock (daytime hours)2classifier: hours (telling time)แล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ค่อยkɔ̂iค่อยkɔ̂i1gradually; little by little2gently; softly3not very; hardly (with negation)4then; later; only afterกลับบ้านglàp-bâanกลับบ้านglàp-bâan[to] go (back) home; return home
Work until six o’clock and then go home.
2 more examplesShow less
It rained until two in the afternoon, and the traffic was worse than usual.
ข้อเสนอkɔ̂ɔ-sà-nə̌əใช้ได้chái-dâaiฮอดhɔ̂ɔtสิ้นเดือนsîn-dʉʉanเพราะฉะนั้นprɔ́-chà-nánเฮาhaoต้องdtɔ̂ngตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiก่อนgɔ̀ɔnเด้อdə̂ə
The offer is valid until the end of the month, so we need to decide before then.
3PrepositionA2
as far as; all the way to (Isan/Northern)
Indicating a limit in space or extent in Isan and Northern Thai.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเดินไปdəən-bpaiเดินไปdəən-bpai[to] walk to [somewhere]ฮอดสุดhɔ̂ɔt-sùtฮอดสุดhɔ̂ɔt-sùtup to the very end; to the utmost (Isan/Lao dialect)ทุ่งtûngทุ่งtûngfield; open countryแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)จั่งjàngจั่งjàng1so; thus (Isan/Lao)2then; that way (Isan/Lao discourse)คืนมาkʉʉn-maaคืนมาkʉʉn-maa[to] give back (to the speaker); [to] return [sth] here
He walked as far as the end of the field and then came back.
4PrepositionB1
until; up to; as far as (Isan/Northern)
indicating limit in time or space, equivalent to 'until', 'up to', or 'as far as' in dialectal usage
Examples
เฮ็ดงานhét-ngaanเฮ็ดงานhét-ngaan[to] work; [to] do one’s job (Isan/Lao)ฮอดhɔ̂ɔtฮอดhɔ̂ɔt1[to] arrive; reach (Isan/Northern)2until; up to (Isan/Northern)3as far as; all the way to (Isan/Northern)4until; up to; as far as (Isan/Northern)5arrived; reached (dialectal)หกhòkหกhòk1six (6)2[to] spillโมงmoongโมงmoong1o’clock (daytime hours)2classifier: hours (telling time)แล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ค่อยkɔ̂iค่อยkɔ̂i1gradually; little by little2gently; softly3not very; hardly (with negation)4then; later; only afterกลับบ้านglàp-bâanกลับบ้านglàp-bâan[to] go (back) home; return home
Work until six o’clock and then go home.
3 more examplesShow less
It rained until two in the afternoon, and the traffic was worse than usual.
He walked as far as the end of the field and then came back.
ข้อเสนอkɔ̂ɔ-sà-nə̌əใช้ได้chái-dâaiฮอดhɔ̂ɔtสิ้นเดือนsîn-dʉʉanเพราะฉะนั้นprɔ́-chà-nánเฮาhaoต้องdtɔ̂ngตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiก่อนgɔ̀ɔnเด้อdə̂ə
The offer is valid until the end of the month, so we need to decide before then.
5AdjectiveB1
arrived; reached (dialectal)
having arrived at or reached a place or time; used predicatively or attributively in dialect
Examples
ตอนdtɔɔnตอนdtɔɔn1section; part2episode; chapter3when; at the time (of)4time segment; periodหกโมงเย็นhòk-moong-yenหกโมงเย็นhòk-moong-yen6 PM; six o'clock in the eveningเฮากะฮอดบ้านhao-gà-hɔ̂ɔt-bâanเฮากะฮอดบ้านhao-gà-hɔ̂ɔt-bâanwe've arrived home (Isan/Lao dialect)แล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)
By six in the evening, we had already arrived home.
3 more examplesShow less
พวกเขาpûuak-kǎoเดินทางdəən-taangทั้งวันtáng-wanพอpɔɔฮอดhɔ̂ɔtเชียงใหม่chiiang-màiกะgàมืดmʉ̂ʉtพอดีpɔɔ-dii
They traveled all day, and by the time they reached Chiang Mai, it was just getting dark.
รถไฟrót-faiฮอดhɔ̂ɔtสถานีsà-tǎa-niiช้ากว่าcháa-gwàaกำหนดgam-nòtเลยləəiทำให้tam-hâiฉันchǎnพลาดplâatรถrótต่อdtɔ̀ɔ
The train arrived at the station later than scheduled, causing me to miss my connection.
งานngaanเริ่มrə̂əmตอนdtɔɔnเก้าgâaoโมงmoongแต่dtɛ̀ɛฉันchǎnกะฮอดgà-hɔ̂ɔtที่ประชุมtîi-bprà-chumก่อนเวลาgɔ̀ɔn-wee-laaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเตรียมdtriiamเอกสารèek-gà-sǎanกับgàpเช็กอุปกรณ์chék-ù-bpà-gɔɔn
The event starts at nine, but I arrived at the meeting early to prepare documents and check the equipment.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableLong vowelEnds in -ด, a stop, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
hɔ̂ɔt
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Long vowel → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |