ยัน
yanMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] prop; brace; support
to hold something in place by pressing, propping, or wedging against it
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเอาaoเอาao1[to] take; get; pick2[to] want (request/ordering)3[to] use; employ4[to] bring/take (for use)5marker: adverse consequence6come on; all right; go ahead7[to] have sex (vulgar slang)8auxiliary marking emphasis or resultไม้máaiไม้máai1wood; timber2stick; rod; club; bat3classifier: skewers of food4tone/diacritic mark (Thai orthography)5tool; implementยันyanยันyan1[to] prop; brace; support2[to] ward off; fend off3[to] insist; assert; affirm4until; up to; as far as (colloq.)ประตูbprà-dtuuประตูbprà-dtuu1door; gate; portal2goal (structure or score)3classifier: doors; gates; goalsไว้wáiไว้wái1[to] keep; save; store2[to] set aside; reserve3for later; in reserve4[to] leave (something) as is5marks retention or maintenance of a state6[to] wear; sport (hair/moustache/etc.)ไม่ให้mâi-hâiไม่ให้mâi-hâi1[to] not give; withhold; refuse to give2[to] not allow; not let; forbid3so that not; in order to preventเปิดbpə̀ətเปิดbpə̀ət1[to] open; uncover; unwrap2[to] turn on; switch on3[to] start; launch; open for businessเองeengเองeeng1oneself; personally; by oneself2only; just; merely3exactly that/itself
He propped the door with a stick so it wouldn’t open by itself.
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ฉันchǎnวางwaangเก้าอี้gâo-îiไปbpaiยันyanหน้าต่างnâa-dtàangไว้wáiเพราะprɔ́ลมแรงlom-rɛɛngกลัวgluuaมันmanกระแทกgrà-tɛ̂ɛk
I placed a chair to brace the window because the wind was strong and I was afraid it would slam.
ช่างchângใช้cháiก้อนอิฐgɔ̂ɔn-ìtสองsɔ̌ɔngก้อนgɔ̂ɔnยันyanท่อtɔ̂ɔเอาไว้ao-wáiระหว่างrá-wàangซ่อมsɔ̂mเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiมันmanขยับkà-yàp
The technician used two bricks to wedge the pipe in place during the repair so it wouldn’t move.
เพื่อpêuuaกันganชั้นหนังสือchán năng-sĕuไม่ให้mâi hâiเอียงiiangเขาkăoเอาaoแผ่นไม้pàen máaiไปbpaiยันyanด้านล่างdâan-lâangและláeเสริมsěrmด้วยdûuayตะปูเล็กdtà-bpoo lékๆ-
To keep the bookshelf from tilting, he propped the bottom with a wooden board and reinforced it with small nails.
2VerbB2
[to] ward off; fend off
to push back, block, or keep something/someone from advancing
Examples
ตำรวจdtam-rùuatตำรวจdtam-rùuatpolice; police officerตั้งdtângตั้งdtâng1[to] place upright; stand; erect2as much as; as many as3[to] set up; establish; found4[to] appoint; nominate5[to] set; fix (value, rule, goal)6stack; pile; bundle7[to] aim; focus (eyes, mind)8[to] allocate; earmark (funds)9classifier: stacks; pilesโล่lôoโล่lôo1plaque; shield-shaped trophy2shieldยันyanยันyan1[to] prop; brace; support2[to] ward off; fend off3[to] insist; assert; affirm4until; up to; as far as (colloq.)ฝูงชนfǔung-chonฝูงชนfǔung-choncrowd; throngไม่ให้mâi-hâiไม่ให้mâi-hâi1[to] not give; withhold; refuse to give2[to] not allow; not let; forbid3so that not; in order to preventดันdanดันdan1[to] push [sth/sb]2darn; shoot (mild exclamation)3[to] promote; propel [sb/sth] forward4[to] push up; drive up [prices, levels, etc.]5happen to; end up (colloq. auxiliary)เข้ามาkâo-maaเข้ามาkâo-maa1to come in; enter (toward the speaker)2to join/enter into (activity, group, context)3directional complement ‘in/toward here’ใกล้glâiใกล้glâi1near; close (in distance/time/resemblance)2[to] be near; be close toแนวรั้วnɛɛo-rúuaแนวรั้วnɛɛo-rúuafence line
The police used shields to push back the crowd from moving closer to the fence line.
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He quickly pushed back the door to keep the dog from rushing into the house.
ผู้เล่นpûu-lênกองหลังgɔɔng-lǎngยันyanคู่แข่งkûu-kɛ̀ngไว้wáiตรงกลางdtrong-glaangสนามsà-nǎamเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaถ่วงเวลาtùuang-wee-laa
The defender pushed back the opponent in the middle of the field to stall for time.
เจ้าหน้าที่jâao-nâa-tîiต้องdtɔ̂ngช่วยกันchûuai-ganยันyanกระแสน้ำgrà-sɛ̌ɛ-náamที่tîiทะลักtá-lákเข้ามาkâo-maaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaชะลอchá-lɔɔไม่ให้mâi-hâiซัดsátถึงtʉ̌ngชั้นในchán-naiของkɔ̌ɔngตลาดdtà-làat
Officials had to work together to push back the surging water to slow it from reaching the inner section of the market.
3VerbB2
[to] insist; assert; affirm
to firmly state or maintain that something is true; to insist on a claim
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillยันyanยันyan1[to] prop; brace; support2[to] ward off; fend off3[to] insist; assert; affirm4until; up to; as far as (colloq.)ว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeตัวเองdtuua-eengตัวเองdtuua-eeng1oneself; myself; yourself; themselves2you (intimate)3self; one's own selfไม่ได้mâi-dâaiไม่ได้mâi-dâai1cannot; not allowed; impossible2did not3[to] fail to get/receive [sth]4unacceptable; not allowed (won’t do)5No way!; absolutely not6not really/actually (corrective)โกงgoongโกงgoong1[to] cheat; swindle; rig2bent; bowed; hunchedแม้mɛ́ɛแม้mɛ́ɛ1even if; although; even though2evenจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoคนkonคนkon1person; human2classifier: peopleสงสัยsǒng-sǎiสงสัยsǒng-sǎi1[to] doubt; be uncertain2[to] suspect3I wonder…; perhaps (colloq.)มากมายmâak-maaiมากมายmâak-maai1many; numerous; abundant2a great deal; very much
He insists that he did not cheat, even though many people are suspicious.
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พยานpá-yaanยันyanว่าwâaเห็นhěnเหตุการณ์hèet-gaanด้วยdûuaiตาdtaaเองeengจึงjʉngพร้อมprɔ́ɔmให้การhâi-gaanในnaiศาลsǎan
The witness insists that they saw the incident with their own eyes and is ready to testify in court.
นักวิจัยnák-wí-jaiยันyanว่าwâaข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunที่tîiนำเสนอnam-sà-nə̌əผ่านpàanการตรวจสอบgaan-dtrùuat-sɔ̀ɔpแล้วlɛ́ɛoจึงjʉngน่าเชื่อถือnâa-chʉ̂ʉa-tʉ̌ʉ
The researcher maintains that the data presented has been verified and is thus reliable.
โฆษกkoo-sòkยันyanอย่างหนักyàang-nàkแน่นnɛ̂nว่าwâaองค์กรong-gɔɔnไม่ได้mâi-dâaiปกปิดbpòk-bpìtข้อเท็จจริงkɔ̂ɔ-tét-jingและlɛ́จะjàเปิดเผยbpə̀ət-pə̌əiรายงานraai-ngaanฉบับเต็มchà-bàp-dtem
The spokesperson firmly insists that the organization is not hiding the facts and will release the full report.
4PrepositionB2
until; up to; as far as (colloq.)
used colloquially to mark an endpoint in time, space, or extent, as in ทำยันเช้า (work until morning)
Examples
เมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉnเมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉn1last night (the night before today)2last nightเราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)ทำงานtam-ngaanทำงานtam-ngaan1[to] work; do one's job; be on duty2[to] function; operateยันyanยันyan1[to] prop; brace; support2[to] ward off; fend off3[to] insist; assert; affirm4until; up to; as far as (colloq.)เช้าcháoเช้าcháo1morning2morning; early-morning3in the morningเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingงานด่วนngaan-dùuanงานด่วนngaan-dùuanurgent work; rush jobมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
Last night I worked until morning because the task was very urgent.
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This shop stays open until midnight, and it doesn’t close on weekends.
เขาkǎoอ่านหนังสือสอบàan-nǎng-sʉ̌ʉ-sɔ̀ɔpยันyanตีสามdtii-sǎamแล้วlɛ́ɛoค่อยkɔ̂iหลับlàpเอาaoตอนเช้าdtɔɔn-cháo
He studied for the exam until 3 a.m., then only slept in the morning.
คนkonในnaiชุมชนchum-chonบ่นbònเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangรถติดrót-dtìtกันganยันyanว่าwâaเป็นเพราะbpen-prɔ́โครงการก่อสร้างkroong-gaan-gɔ̀ɔ-sâangใหม่màiที่tîiยืดเยื้อyʉ̂ʉt-yʉ́ʉa
People in the community complain about the traffic jam, even saying that it’s because of the prolonged construction project.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
yan
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |