แก่(gàe)

Meanings

1AdjectiveA2

old (age)

having lived for a long time; not young; elderly

Examples

คุณปู่kun bpòoคุณปู่kun bpòopaternal grandfather; father's fatherแก่gàeแก่gàe1old (age)2to; toward (recipient/affected party)3ripe; mature (food/drink) [often overripe]4for; with regard to5dark (color); strong (drink)แล้วláeoแล้วláeo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already (preverbal perfective)4and; and then (linking clauses)5already (sentence-final)และláeและláeand (coordinating)ชอบchôpชอบchôp1[to] like; be fond of2tend to; usually3be proper; be fitting (formal)นั่งnângนั่งnâng1[to] sit; sit down2[to] take; ride [sth] (vehicle)อ่านหนังสือàan năng-sĕuอ่านหนังสือàan năng-sĕu[to] read; [to] studyเงียบๆngîiap ngîiapเงียบๆngîiap ngîiap1quietly; discreetly; low‑key2quiet; very quiet (in manner/atmosphere)3quiet!, hush!
Grandpa is old and likes to sit quietly reading.
2PrepositionB1

to; toward (recipient/affected party)

marking the person or entity who receives something or is affected by an action (e.g., speak to, give to)

Examples

ครูkruuครูkruu1teacher2master; mentor (respectful)3teacher (classifier; formal)พูดpôotพูดpôot1[to] speak; talk2[to] say; speak3[to] tell; talk aboutช้าๆcháa cháaช้าๆcháa cháaslowly; unhurriedlyแก่gàeแก่gàe1old (age)2to; toward (recipient/affected party)3ripe; mature (food/drink) [often overripe]4for; with regard to5dark (color); strong (drink)เด็กนักเรียนdèk nák riianเด็กนักเรียนdèk nák riianschoolchild; pupil; school studentต่างชาติdtàang châatต่างชาติdtàang châat1foreign; from abroad2a foreigner; foreign national
The teacher spoke slowly to the foreign students.
3AdjectiveB1

dark (color); strong (drink)

dark or deep in color; strong or concentrated in flavor (e.g., tea, coffee)

4AdjectiveB2

ripe; mature (food/drink) [often overripe]

very ripe or aged in flavor (e.g., overripe fruit, aged liquor); can imply past peak

Examples

ทุเรียนtú-riianทุเรียนtú-riian1durian (fruit)2durian treeลูกlôokลูกlôok1child; son; daughter2offspring (of animals); young3ball; spherical object4seed; kernel (round unit)5classifier: round/small items6customer; client (colloquial)นี้néeนี้née1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)แก่จัดgàe jàtแก่จัดgàe jàt1overripe2very old; advanced in ageกลิ่นแรงglìn raengกลิ่นแรงglìn raengstrong/pungent smellแต่dtàeแต่dtàe1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)4even; despite (emphatic concessive)เนื้อnéuuaเนื้อnéuua1meat; flesh2muscle/meat (by cut or quality)3texture; grain (surface of materials)4content; substantive matter5core/body of an object6human body (skin and flesh)7body; flesh (of a person/animal)8classifier: pieces of meat9flesh; pulp (of fruit)หวานมันwăan manหวานมันwăan mansweet and rich/creamy (taste)
This durian is very ripe; it smells strong but the flesh is rich and sweet.
5PrepositionB2

for; with regard to

indicating relevance or applicability to someone or something (formal/literary)

Examples

ข้อเสนอkôr sà-nĕrข้อเสนอkôr sà-nĕr1proposal; suggestion2offer; bid (business)ครั้งนี้kráng néeครั้งนี้kráng née1this time; this occasion2this time (around); on this occasionไม่เป็นธรรมmâi bpen tamไม่เป็นธรรมmâi bpen tamunfair; unjustแก่gàeแก่gàe1old (age)2to; toward (recipient/affected party)3ripe; mature (food/drink) [often overripe]4for; with regard to5dark (color); strong (drink)ผู้ประกอบการpôo bprà-gòp gaanผู้ประกอบการpôo bprà-gòp gaanentrepreneur; business owner/operatorรายเล็กraai lékรายเล็กraai lék1small player; minor operator2small-scale; minor (entity)
This proposal is not fair to small business operators.

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