กระสัน
grà-sǎnMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] long for; crave; lust after
To desire someone or something intensely, often with sexual longing.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillกระสันgrà-sǎnกระสันgrà-sǎn1[to] long for; crave; lust after2[to] feel attached to (literary)3[to] tie tightly; fasten securely (archaic)4[to] feel restless; be agitatedอยากyàakอยากyàak1[to] want; desire2to crave; to long forจูบjùupจูบjùup1[to] kiss2kissเธอtəəเธอtəə1you (informal; familiar)2she; herแต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)ก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)กล้าglâaกล้าglâa1brave; courageous2to dare3seedling; young plant4bravely; boldlyบอกbɔ̀ɔkบอกbɔ̀ɔk1[to] tell; inform2[to] tell; instruct; ask [sb] to do [sth]3[to] indicate; show
He ached to kiss her but didn't dare tell her.
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เขาkǎoกระสันgrà-sǎnอยากได้yàak-dâaiรถrótคันkanนั้นnánจนjonยอมyɔɔmขายkǎaiของสะสมkɔ̌ɔng-sà-sǒmทั้งหมดtáng-mòt
He wanted that car so desperately that he was willing to sell his entire collection.
เขาkǎoกระสันgrà-sǎnอยากได้yàak-dâaiตำแหน่งdtam-nɛ̀ngผู้จัดการpûu-jàt-gaanเสียจนsǐia-jonพร้อมprɔ́ɔmจะjàทำtamทุกtúkวิถีทางwí-tǐi-taangแม้mɛ́ɛต้องdtɔ̂ngเอาเปรียบao-bprìiapเพื่อนร่วมงานpʉ̂ʉan-rûuam-ngaanก็ตามgɔ̂-dtaam
He coveted the manager's position so intensely that he was willing to do whatever it took, even at his coworkers' expense.
2VerbC1
[to] feel attached to (literary)
To feel strongly attached to a person or place and wish to remain with that person or in that place.
Examples
ยายyaaiยายyaai1grandmother (maternal)2old woman (informal; can be rude)กระสันgrà-sǎnกระสันgrà-sǎn1[to] long for; crave; lust after2[to] feel attached to (literary)3[to] tie tightly; fasten securely (archaic)4[to] feel restless; be agitatedอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainที่บ้านtîi-bâanที่บ้านtîi-bâan1at home; at one’s residence2one’s family; people at homeหลังlǎngหลังlǎng1back (of body)2rear; back (part)3behind; at the back of4after; later than5CL: bed; bed-like platform6CL: building; house; structureนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)จึงjʉngจึงjʉng1therefore; so; thus2only then; then (as a result)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)อยากyàakอยากyàak1[to] want; desire2to crave; to long forย้ายไปอยู่yáai-bpai-yùuย้ายไปอยู่yáai-bpai-yùu[to] relocate; move to live (somewhere else)ที่อื่นtîi-ʉ̀ʉnที่อื่นtîi-ʉ̀ʉn1elsewhere; somewhere else2another place; a different location
Grandma is deeply attached to this house, so she does not want to move anywhere else.
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แม้mɛ́ɛลูกlûukจะjàชวนchuuanไปbpaiอยู่yùuด้วยdûuaiในเมืองnai-mʉʉangยายyaaiก็gɔ̂ยังyangกระสันgrà-sǎnอยู่ที่yùu-tîiบ้านสวนbâan-sǔuanที่อยู่tîi-yùuมาmaaหลายสิบlǎai-sìpปีbpiiและlɛ́ขอkɔ̌ɔอยู่yùuที่เดิมtîi-dəəmต่อไปdtɔ̀ɔ-bpai
Although her children have invited her to live with them in the city, Grandma remains attached to the country home where she has lived for decades and wants to stay there.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaได้dâaiอยู่yùuท่ามกลางtâam-glaangผู้คนpûu-konที่tîiต้อนรับdtɔ̂ɔn-rápเขาkǎoดุจdùtญาติพี่น้องyâat-pîi-nɔ́ɔngเขาkǎoก็gɔ̂กระสันgrà-sǎnอยู่ในyùu-naiหมู่บ้านmùu-bâanแห่งนี้hɛ̀ng-níiจนjonไม่mâiคิดkítจะjàกลับไปglàp-bpaiใช้ชีวิตchái-chii-wítเร่ร่อนrêe-rɔ̂ɔnอีกìik
Surrounded by people who welcomed him like family, he became attached to this village and no longer thought of returning to his wandering life.
แม้mɛ́ɛเรือนrʉʉanริมน้ำrim-náamจะjàทรุดโทรมsút-soomลงlongตามdtaamกาลเวลาgaan-wee-laaเจ้าของjâao-kɔ̌ɔngก็gɔ̂ยังyangกระสันgrà-sǎnอยู่ที่yùu-tîiนั่นnânด้วยdûuaiความผูกพันkwaam-pùuk-panกับgàpความทรงจำkwaam-song-jamที่บ้านtîi-bâanหลังlǎngใหม่màiไม่อาจmâi-àatทดแทนtót-tɛɛnได้dâai
Although the riverside house has deteriorated with time, its owner remains attached to living there because of memories that no new home could replace.
3VerbC1
[to] tie tightly; fasten securely (archaic)
To secure something firmly by tying it, as when mooring a boat.
Examples
พ่อpɔ̂ɔพ่อpɔ̂ɔ1father; dad2sir; mister (rural/archaic)3prefix: male person; leader; father figureใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderเชือกchʉ̂ʉakเชือกchʉ̂ʉak1rope; cord; line2classifier for domesticated elephantsกระสันgrà-sǎnกระสันgrà-sǎn1[to] long for; crave; lust after2[to] feel attached to (literary)3[to] tie tightly; fasten securely (archaic)4[to] feel restless; be agitatedเรือrʉʉaเรือrʉʉa1boat; ship; vessel2rook (chess, makruk)ไว้wáiไว้wái1[to] keep; save; store2[to] set aside; reserve3for later; in reserve4[to] leave (something) as is5marks retention or maintenance of a state6[to] wear; sport (hair/moustache/etc.)กับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)เสาsǎoเสาsǎo1post; pillar; column2pole; mastแล้วจึงlɛ́ɛo-jʉngแล้วจึงlɛ́ɛo-jʉngthen; and then; only thenขึ้นฝั่งkʉ̂n-fàngขึ้นฝั่งkʉ̂n-fàng[to] come ashore; [to] land; [to] make landfall
Dad secured the boat to a post with a rope before going ashore.
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ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnพายุpaa-yúจะjàเข้าkâoชาวประมงchaao-bprà-mongต้องdtɔ̂ngกระสันgrà-sǎnเรือrʉʉaไว้wáiกับgàpหลักlàkให้hâiแน่นnɛ̂nเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiคลื่นklʉ̂ʉnซัดsátเรือrʉʉaออกจากท่าɔ̀ɔk-jàak-tâa
Before the storm arrives, the fishermen must tie their boats firmly to the mooring posts so the waves do not sweep them away from the dock.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเห็นhěnกระแสน้ำgrà-sɛ̌ɛ-náamเชี่ยวchîiaoขึ้นkʉ̂nนายท้ายnaai-táaiจึงjʉngกระสันgrà-sǎnเรือrʉʉaเข้ากับkâo-gàpหลักlàkทั้งtángหัวhǔuaและlɛ́ท้ายtáaiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaมิให้mí-hâiแรงน้ำrɛɛng-náamพัดpátเรือrʉʉaไปbpaiกระแทกgrà-tɛ̂ɛkตลิ่งdtà-lìng
Seeing the current grow stronger, the boatman secured both the bow and stern to mooring posts to prevent the water from driving the boat against the bank.
แม้mɛ́ɛพายุpaa-yúจะjàสงบลงsà-ngòp-longแล้วlɛ́ɛoคนkonเฝ้าfâoท่าtâaก็gɔ̂ยังyangตรวจdtrùuatเชือกchʉ̂ʉakที่tîiใช้cháiกระสันgrà-sǎnเรือrʉʉaทีละtii-láลำlamด้วยdûuaiเกรงว่าgreeng-wâaจะมีjà-miiเส้นsênใดdaiชำรุดcham-rútจนjonยึดyʉ́tเรือrʉʉaไว้wáiไม่อยู่mâi-yùu
Even after the storm had subsided, the dock keeper checked each boat's mooring ropes, fearing that a damaged rope might fail to hold a boat in place.
4VerbC1
[to] feel restless; be agitated
To feel very uneasy or troubled and unable to stay calm.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)กระสันgrà-sǎnกระสันgrà-sǎn1[to] long for; crave; lust after2[to] feel attached to (literary)3[to] tie tightly; fasten securely (archaic)4[to] feel restless; be agitatedเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)5to; towardติดต่อdtìt-dtɔ̀ɔติดต่อdtìt-dtɔ̀ɔ1[to] contact; get in touch2[to] touch; be in contact; connect; adjoin3[to] spread; be transmitted (of a disease)แม่mɛ̂ɛแม่mɛ̂ɛ1mother; mom2form of address for a woman (traditional/familiar)3prefix: female; main; baseไม่ได้mâi-dâaiไม่ได้mâi-dâai1cannot; not allowed; impossible2did not3[to] fail to get/receive [sth]4unacceptable; not allowed (won’t do)5No way!; absolutely not6not really/actually (corrective)จึงjʉngจึงjʉng1therefore; so; thus2only then; then (as a result)เดินไปเดินมาdəən-bpai-dəən-maaเดินไปเดินมาdəən-bpai-dəən-maa[to] pace back and forth; [to] walk aroundในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ห้องhɔ̂ngห้องhɔ̂ng1room2classifier: rooms
He was so uneasy because he still could not reach his mother that he kept pacing around the room.
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แม้mɛ́ɛหมอmɔ̌ɔจะjàบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaอาการaa-gaanของkɔ̌ɔngลูกlûukไม่mâiร้ายแรงráai-rɛɛngเธอtəəก็gɔ̂ยังอยู่yang-yùuไม่mâiกระสันgrà-sǎnและlɛ́ไม่มีสมาธิmâi-mii-sà-maa-tíทำงานtam-ngaan
Although the doctor said her child's condition was not serious, she remained restless and could not concentrate on work.
ข่าวลือkàao-lʉʉเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangการเลิกจ้างgaan-lə̂ək-jâangทำให้tam-hâiเขาkǎoอยู่yùuไม่mâiกระสันgrà-sǎnจนjonกินginไม่ได้mâi-dâaiนอนไม่หลับnɔɔn-mâi-làpทั้งที่táng-tîiบริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtยังไม่ได้yang-mâi-dâaiประกาศbprà-gàatอะไรà-raiอย่างเป็นทางการyàang-bpen-taang-gaan
Rumors of layoffs left him so troubled that he could neither eat nor sleep, even though the company had made no official announcement.
ตลอดคืนdtà-lɔ̀ɔt-kʉʉnที่tîiพายุpaa-yúโหมกระหน่ำhǒom-grà-nàmเขาkǎoอยู่yùuไม่mâiกระสันgrà-sǎnด้วยdûuaiความเป็นห่วงkwaam-bpen-hùuangพ่อpɔ̂ɔซึ่งsʉ̂ngยังอยู่yang-yùuกลางglaangทะเลtá-leeจะjàนั่งnângหรือrʉ̌ʉนอนnɔɔnก็gɔ̂ไม่อาจmâi-àatสงบใจsà-ngòp-jaiได้dâai
Throughout the stormy night, he was deeply unsettled by worry for his father, who was still out at sea; whether sitting or lying down, he could find no peace.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster กร, the first consonant ก sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
grà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
สันsǎnสันsǎn1ridge; crest2spine; back/edge (book, knife, etc.)3loin; back cut (meat)ridge; crestPart 2
กระสันgrà-sǎnกระสันgrà-sǎn[to] long for; crave; lust after[to] long for; crave; lust afterWord