กระ
gràMeanings
1NounB1
freckle
A small brown spot on the skin, especially on the face; freckle.
Examples
หน้าฝนnâa-fǒnหน้าฝนnâa-fǒn1rainy season; monsoon season2during the rainy seasonแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)กระgràกระgrà1freckle2speckled; mottled (pattern)3hawksbill turtleบนbonบนbon1on; upon; in; above2upper; top3[to] vow (at a shrine)แก้มgɛ̂ɛmแก้มgɛ̂ɛm1cheek2float; buoy (fishing, regional)ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ชัดchátชัดchát1clear; sharp (visible/audible)2clear; definite3clearlyขึ้นkʉ̂nขึ้นkʉ̂n1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-country
In the rainy season, the freckles on my cheeks become more visible.
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She applies sunscreen every day because she’s afraid of getting more freckles.
หมอmɔ̌ɔบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaกระgràไม่mâiอันตรายan-dtà-raaiแต่dtɛ̀ɛควรkuuanตรวจdtrùuatผิวหนังpǐu-nǎngเป็นประจำbpen-bprà-jam
The doctor said freckles aren’t dangerous, but skin should be checked regularly.
ภาพถ่ายขาวดำpâap tàai kăao damยังyangเห็นhĕnกระgràเล็กๆlék lékบริเวณbo-rí-waynสันจมูกsăn jà-mòokอย่างชัดเจนyàang chát jayn
Even in the black-and-white photo, small freckles along the bridge of the nose are clearly visible.
2AdjectiveB2
speckled; mottled (pattern)
Having small spots scattered over a surface, like freckles.
Examples
พอpɔɔพอpɔɔ1enough; sufficient2enough; sufficiently3[to] suffice; be enough4quite; rather; fairly5as soon as; whenหน้าร้อนnâa-rɔ́ɔnหน้าร้อนnâa-rɔ́ɔnhot season; summerฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)จะมีjà-miiจะมีjà-miithere will be; [to] have (in the future)กระgràกระgrà1freckle2speckled; mottled (pattern)3hawksbill turtleขึ้นkʉ̂nขึ้นkʉ̂n1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-countryที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerแก้มgɛ̂ɛmแก้มgɛ̂ɛm1cheek2float; buoy (fishing, regional)เพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingโดนdoonโดนdoon1[to] get; be subjected to (passive, often negative)2[to] be hit; be struck; be affected3[to] hit the mark; be spot on (slang/colloq.)แดดdɛ̀ɛtแดดdɛ̀ɛtsunlight; sunshineง่ายngâaiง่ายngâai1easy; simple2easily; readily
When summer comes, I get freckles on my cheeks because I get sun easily.
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เขาkăoแต่งหน้าdtàeng nâaเบาbaoๆ-เพื่อให้pêuua hâiกระgràบนbonจมูกjà-mòokยังyangเห็นhĕnชัดchátอย่างเป็นธรรมชาติyàang bpen tam-má-châat
She applied light makeup so the freckles on her nose would still be clearly visible naturally.
แม้mɛ́ɛเธอtəəจะมีjà-miiกระgràประปรายbprà-bpraaiทั่วtûuaโหนกแก้มnòok-gɛ̂ɛmแต่dtɛ̀ɛกลับglàpยิ่งyîngทำให้tam-hâiใบหน้าbai-nâaดูduuมีเอกลักษณ์mii-èek-gà-lák
Even though she has scattered freckles across her cheekbones, they actually make her face look more distinctive.
ช่างภาพchâng-pâapตั้งใจdtâng-jaiไม่mâiรีriiทัชtátกระgràบนbonผิวpǐuของkɔ̌ɔngแบบbɛ̀ɛpเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเก็บgèpเสน่ห์sà-hèenและlɛ́รายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatที่แท้จริงtîi-tɛ́ɛ-jing
The photographer intentionally did not retouch the model's freckles to preserve their charm and authentic details.
3NounB2
hawksbill turtle
A sea turtle with a narrow, hooked beak and overlapping shell plates, traditionally valued for tortoiseshell; also called เต่ากระ.
Examples
ตอนdtɔɔnตอนdtɔɔn1section; part2episode; chapter3when; at the time (of)4time segment; periodดำน้ำdam-náamดำน้ำdam-náam1[to] dive; [to] go underwater2diving (underwater swimming)3[to] wing it; bluff one's way through (colloq.)เราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)เห็นhěnเห็นhěn1[to] see2[to] notice; [to] realize; [to] find (that)3[to] think; [to] be of the opinion4[to] consider; [to] regard asเต่าdtàoเต่าdtào1turtle; tortoise; terrapin2slow person/thing (figurative)กระgràกระgrà1freckle2speckled; mottled (pattern)3hawksbill turtleกำลังgam-langกำลังgam-lang1currently; in the middle of2power; strength3power (physics)4troops; forcesกินginกินgin1[to] eat2[to] drink (colloquial/with some nouns)3[to] consume; use up4[to] corrode; erode; eat into5[to] take (a bribe); pocketฟองน้ำfɔɔng-náamฟองน้ำfɔɔng-náam1sponge (cleaning tool)2sponge (animal)อยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainข้างkâangข้างkâang1side; flank2beside; next to; by3side; party (in a dispute or game)4side; lateral (modifier)แนวปะการังnɛɛo-bpà-gaa-rangแนวปะการังnɛɛo-bpà-gaa-rangcoral reef
While diving, we saw a hawksbill turtle eating sponges beside the coral reef.
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เต่าdtàoกระgràมีmiiปากbpàakแหลมlɛ̌ɛmงุ้มngúmคล้ายkláaiปากbpàakเหยี่ยวyìiaoจึงjʉngดูduuต่างจากdtàang-jàakเต่าdtàoทะเลtá-leeชนิดchá-nítอื่นʉ̀ʉn
Hawksbill turtles have pointed, curved beaks like a hawk's, which makes them look different from other sea turtles.
ในอดีตnai-à-dìitเต่าdtàoกระgràถูกtùukล่าlâaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaนำnamกระดองgrà-dɔɔngที่tîiมีmiiแผ่นpɛ̀nเกล็ดglètซ้อนกันsɔ́ɔn-ganไปbpaiทำtamเครื่องประดับkrʉ̂ʉang-bprà-dàp
In the past, hawksbill turtles were hunted so that their shells, made up of overlapping plates, could be used to make jewelry.
แม้mɛ́ɛจะjàมีmiiกฎหมายgòt-mǎaiคุ้มครองkúm-krɔɔngเต่าdtàoกระgràแต่dtɛ̀ɛการgaanลักลอบlák-lɔ̂ɔpค้าkáaกระดองgrà-dɔɔngยังคงyang-kongเป็นภัยbpen-paiต่อdtɔ̀ɔการอยู่รอดgaan-yùu-rɔ̂ɔtของkɔ̌ɔngเต่าdtàoชนิดchá-nítนี้níi
Although hawksbill turtles are legally protected, the illegal trade in their shells remains a threat to their survival.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster กร, the first consonant ก sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
grà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |