ครอง
krɔɔngMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] possess; hold; keep
to have and keep something; to maintain possession
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)ครองบ้านkrɔɔng-bâanครองบ้านkrɔɔng-bâan[to] manage/run the household; keep houseหลังlǎngหลังlǎng1back (of body)2rear; back (part)3behind; at the back of4after; later than5CL: building; house; structureเดิมdəəmเดิมdəəm1original; initial2former; previous3as before; originally; same as beforeที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerพ่อแม่pɔ̂ɔ-mɛ̂ɛพ่อแม่pɔ̂ɔ-mɛ̂ɛparentsยกให้yók-hâiยกให้yók-hâi1[to] give; bestow; transfer (ownership/rights)2[to] let [sb] have; concede; yield3[to] entrust (a task/decision) to [sb]4[to] hail/recognize [sb/sth] as; designate as5[to] credit [sth] to [sb/sth]; attribute toไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ยอมyɔɔmยอมyɔɔm1[to] agree; consent2[to] allow; permit3[to] yield; give in; submit4[to] admit (acknowledge)ขายkǎaiขายkǎai1[to] sell [sth]2for sale; for purchase3[to] sell oneself; prostitute oneself
He still keeps possession of the same house his parents gave him and refuses to sell it.
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บริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtตั้งใจครองdtâng-jai-krɔɔngสิทธิ์sìtในnaiแบบbɛ̀ɛpผลิตภัณฑ์pà-lìt-dtà-panนี้níiไว้wáiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganการลอกเลียนgaan-lɔ̂ɔk-liianแบบbɛ̀ɛp
The company intends to retain ownership of this product design to prevent imitation.
หลังจากlǎng-jàakชำระหนี้cham-rá-nîiหมดmòtเขาkǎoจึงjʉngครองkrɔɔngรถrótคันkanนั้นnánได้dâaiอย่างyàangเต็มสิทธิ์dtem-sìt
After paying off the debt, he could fully possess that car.
ครอบครัวkrɔ̂ɔp-kruuaต้องdtɔ̂ngแสดงsà-dɛɛngเอกสารèek-gà-sǎanเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaยืนยันyʉʉn-yanว่าwâaครองkrɔɔngที่ดินtîi-dinแปลงbplɛɛngนี้níiโดยชอบด้วยกฎหมายdooi-chɔ̂ɔp-dûuai-gòt-mǎai
The family must present documents to confirm they legally hold this plot of land.
2VerbB2
[to] rule; reign; govern
to exercise rule or authority over a people, place, or domain, especially as a monarch
Examples
กษัตริย์gà-sàtกษัตริย์gà-sàtking; monarch; sovereignพระองค์prá ongพระองค์prá ong1royal person; His/Her Majesty2royal third-person pronoun3royal second-person pronoun4royal classifier5body (royal)นี้néeนี้née1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ครองเมืองkrong meuuangครองเมืองkrong meuuang1[to] rule a city; [to] control a city2[to] dominate; [to] be widespreadเล็กlékเล็กlék1small; little2young; younger; youngest3minor; slightๆ-ริมทะเลrim tá-layริมทะเลrim tá-layseaside; by the sea; seashore; coastอย่างยุติธรรมyàang yút-dtì-tamอย่างยุติธรรมyàang yút-dtì-tamfairly; justly
This king rules a small seaside town justly.
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หลังlăngพิธีบรมราชาภิเษกpí-tee bo-rom-má-raa-chaa-pí-sèkพระองค์prá ongทรงsongครองราชย์krong râatเหนือnĕuuaแผ่นดินpàen dinทั้งปวงtáng bpuuang
After the coronation, His Majesty reigned over the entire realm.
จักรวรรดิjàk-grà-wàtโบราณboo-raanเคยkəəiครองkrɔɔngดินแดนdin-dɛɛnกว้างใหญ่gwâang-yàiและlɛ́กำหนดgam-nòtกฎหมายgòt-mǎaiให้hâiประชาชนbprà-chaa-chonปฏิบัติbpà-dtì-bàt
An ancient empire once ruled vast lands and imposed laws for the people to follow.
ตำนานdtam-naanเล่าlâoว่าwâaพระราชินีprá-raa-chí-niiผู้pûuทรงปรีชาครองนครsong-bprii-chaa-krɔɔng-ná-kɔɔnด้วยdûuaiเมตตาmêet-dtaaแต่dtɛ̀ɛเด็ดขาดdèt-kàatต่อdtɔ̀ɔผู้pûuละเมิดlá-mə̂ətราชศักดิ์râat-chá-sàk
Legend says a wise queen ruled the city with compassion yet was strict toward those who violated royal dignity.
3VerbB2
[to] hold; occupy (a position or rank)
to hold a position, rank, or title, as in ครองอันดับหนึ่ง ‘hold first place’
Examples
ทีมฟุตบอลtiim-fút-bɔɔnทีมฟุตบอลtiim-fút-bɔɔn1football/soccer team (side/squad)2football club/organization (everyday use)นี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ครองkrɔɔngครองkrɔɔng1[to] possess; hold; keep2[to] rule; reign; govern3[to] hold; occupy (a position or rank)4[to] wear (robe); be robed in (esp. monk’s robe)5[to] be married to (formal/literary)อันดับหนึ่งan-dàp-nʉ̀ngอันดับหนึ่งan-dàp-nʉ̀ng1number one; first place2number-one; top; leadingของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsลีกlîikลีกlîik1league (sports)2league (distance unit)มาตลอดmaa-dtà-lɔ̀ɔtมาตลอดmaa-dtà-lɔ̀ɔtall along; continuouslyสามsǎamสามsǎamthree (3)ปีbpiiปีbpii1year2classifier: years
This football team has held the number one spot in the league for three years straight.
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แบรนด์กาแฟbrɛɛn-gaa-fɛɛท้องถิ่นtɔ́ɔng-tìnครองใจkrɔɔng-jaiลูกค้าlûuk-káaและlɛ́ครองkrɔɔngยอดขายyɔ̂ɔt-kǎaiสูงสุดsǔung-sùtในnaiจังหวัดjang-wàt
The local coffee brand has won customers’ hearts and maintained the highest sales in the province.
เขาkǎoครองkrɔɔngมาตรฐานmâat-dtrà-tǎanงานngaanบริการbɔɔ-rí-gaanที่tîiเข้มงวดkêm-ngûuatแม้mɛ́ɛต้องdtɔ̂ngขยายสาขาkà-yǎai-sǎa-kǎaอย่างรวดเร็วyàang-rûuat-reo
He sustains strict service standards even while rapidly expanding branches.
นักร้องnák-rɔ́ɔngคนนี้kon-níiครองkrɔɔngกระแสความนิยมgrà-sɛ̌ɛ-kwaam-ní-yomได้dâaiนานnaanเพราะprɔ́รักษาrák-sǎaคุณภาพkun-ná-pâapผลงานpǒn-ngaanอย่างสม่ำเสมอyàang-sà-màm-sà-mə̌ə
This singer has maintained popularity for a long time by consistently keeping the quality of their work.
4VerbC1
[to] wear (robe); be robed in (esp. monk’s robe)
to wear or be clad in, especially used for a monk’s robe in religious contexts
Examples
เช้าcháoเช้าcháo1morning2morning; early-morning3in the morningวันwanวันwan1day2daytime; daylight3classifier: daysอุปสมบทù-bpà-sǒm-bòtอุปสมบทù-bpà-sǒm-bòt1[to] be ordained (as a Buddhist monk)2ordination (into monkhood)พระน้องprá-nɔ́ɔngพระน้องprá-nɔ́ɔngyounger royal sibling (honorific)ชายchaaiชายchaai1man; male person2male sex3male; masculine4edge; brim; hem; shoreครองkrɔɔngครองkrɔɔng1[to] possess; hold; keep2[to] rule; reign; govern3[to] hold; occupy (a position or rank)4[to] wear (robe); be robed in (esp. monk’s robe)5[to] be married to (formal/literary)จีวรjii-wɔɔnจีวรjii-wɔɔnmonk’s robeสีกรักsǐi-gràkสีกรักsǐi-gràkdark brown; jackfruit-heartwood brownอย่างyàangอย่างyàang1kind; type; sort2manner; way3classifier (for kinds/types)4in the manner of; -lyเรียบร้อยrîiap-rɔ́ɔiเรียบร้อยrîiap-rɔ́ɔi1finished; completed2neat; tidy; orderly3well-behaved; proper; modest4properly; completely; successfully5calm; free of troubleก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerเข้าโบสถ์kâo-bòotเข้าโบสถ์kâo-bòot[to] enter a church/ordination hall
On the morning of his ordination, my younger brother, now a monk, neatly wore the ochre robe before entering the ordination hall.
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ท่านtânอาจารย์aa-jaanเน้นย้ำnén-yámว่าwâaพระภิกษุprá-pík-sùต้องdtɔ̂ngครองkrɔɔngผ้าpâaให้hâiสุภาพเรียบร้อยsù-pâap-rîiap-rɔ́ɔiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaสำรวมsǎm-ruuamกายgaaiและlɛ́ใจjai
The revered teacher emphasized that monks must be properly clad in their robes to maintain composure of body and mind.
ในnaiพิธีpí-tiiถวายtà-wǎaiผ้ากฐินpâa-gà-tǐnพระภิกษุprá-pík-sùจะjàเปลี่ยนbplìianและlɛ́ครองkrɔɔngผ้าpâaชุดใหม่chút-màiเป็นbpenสัญลักษณ์sǎn-yá-lákแห่งhɛ̀ngความเพียรkwaam-piianและlɛ́ความบริสุทธิ์kwaam-bɔɔ-rí-sùt
During the Kathin offering ceremony, monks change into and don a new set of robes as a symbol of diligence and purity.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเข้าสู่kâo-sùuพรรษาpan-sǎaพระสงฆ์prá-sǒngครองkrɔɔngไตรจีวรdtrai-jii-wɔɔnอย่างครบถ้วนyàang-króp-tûuanตามdtaamพระวินัยprá-wí-naiแสดงถึงsà-dɛɛng-tʉ̌ngความเคร่งครัดkwaam-krêeng-krátในnaiวิถีสมณะwí-tǐi-sà-má-ná
At the beginning of the rains retreat, monks fully wear the triple robe according to the Vinaya, signifying strict adherence to the monastic way.
5VerbC1
[to] be married to (formal/literary)
to be husband and wife; to be wed to (formal or literary usage)
Examples
ทั้งสองtáng-sɔ̌ɔngทั้งสองtáng-sɔ̌ɔng1both; the two (with a noun)2both; both of themตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jai[to] decideครองคู่krɔɔng-kûuครองคู่krɔɔng-kûu1to live together as spouses2to form a mating pairกันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkหลังlǎngหลังlǎng1back (of body)2rear; back (part)3behind; at the back of4after; later than5CL: building; house; structureรู้จักrúu-jàkรู้จักrúu-jàk1[to] know; be acquainted with2[to] recognize; identify3[to] know how; be capable (from familiarity); be prudent withกันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerห้าhâaห้าhâafive (number)ปีbpiiปีbpii1year2classifier: years
The two decided to be husband and wife after knowing each other for five years.
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ในnaiพิธีpí-tiiเรียบง่ายrîiap-ngâaiเขาkǎoกับgàpเธอtəəให้คำมั่นhâi-kam-mânว่าwâaจะjàครองkrɔɔngชีวิตคู่chii-wít-kûuด้วยกันdûuai-ganตราบdtràapนานnaanเท่าtâoนานnaan
In a simple ceremony, he and she pledged to be wed and share their lives together forever.
ทั้งสองtáng-sɔ̌ɔngตระหนักdtrà-nàkดีdiiว่าการwâa-gaanครองคู่krɔɔng-kûuมิใช่mí-châiเพียงpiiangเรื่องรักrʉ̂ʉang-rákหากhàakยังyangเป็นbpenพันธสัญญาpan-tá-sǎn-yaaแห่งhɛ̀ngความรับผิดชอบkwaam-ráp-pìt-chɔ̂ɔpต่อกันdtɔ̀ɔ-gan
Both recognized that being husband and wife is not just about love but also a covenant of mutual responsibility.
กวีgà-wiiได้dâaiพรรณนาpan-ná-naaว่าwâaเจ้าหญิงjâao-yǐngครองคู่krɔɔng-kûuกับgàpวีรกษัตริย์wii-rá-gà-sàtท่ามกลางtâam-glaangเสียงsǐiangสาธุการsǎa-tú-gaanจากjàakไพร่ฟ้าprâi-fáa
The poet described the princess being wed to the heroic king amid the acclamations of the people.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow classConsonant clusterIn the cluster คร, the first consonant ค sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ง, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
krɔɔng
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |