สำรวม
sǎm-ruuamMeanings
1AdjectiveB2
restrained; composed; decorous
showing self-control, modesty, and calm; not loud or showy in behavior or appearance
Examples
วันwanวันwan1day2daytime; daylight3classifier: daysรับปริญญาráp-bpà-rin-yaaรับปริญญาráp-bpà-rin-yaa[to] formally receive one's degreeเธอtəəเธอtəə1you (informal; familiar)2she; herแต่งตัวdtɛ̀ng-dtuuaแต่งตัวdtɛ̀ng-dtuua1[to] get dressed; dress [oneself]2[to] dress [sb]; clothe [sb]3[to] dress up; dress stylishly; wear a costumeเรียบง่ายrîiap-ngâaiเรียบง่ายrîiap-ngâai1simple; plain2modest; unpretentiousและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ดูduuดูduu1[to] look; watch; see2[to] examine; check; inspect3[to] seem; appear4try; have a go5[to] divine; tell fortuneสำรวมsǎm-ruuamสำรวมsǎm-ruuam1restrained; composed; decorous2[to] restrain oneself; keep composedไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ฉูดฉาดchùut-chàatฉูดฉาดchùut-chàatflashy; gaudy; loud (colors/style)เลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceed
On graduation day, she dressed simply and looked composed, not flashy at all.
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เขาkǎoพูดด้วยpûut-dûuaiน้ำเสียงnáam-sǐiangสำรวมsǎm-ruuamและlɛ́สุภาพsù-pâapแม้mɛ́ɛจะjàตื่นเต้นdtʉ̀ʉn-dtênอยู่yùuบ้างbâang
He spoke in a restrained and polite tone, even though he was a bit excited.
ในnaiพิธีการpí-tii-gaanแบบbɛ̀ɛpทางการtaang-gaanเราraoควรkuuanนั่งnângตัวตรงdtuua-dtrongแต่งกายdtɛ̀ng-gaaiไม่mâiโดดเด่นdòot-dèenและlɛ́วางตัวwaang-dtuuaให้hâiสำรวมsǎm-ruuam
In formal ceremonies, we should sit upright, dress inconspicuously, and carry ourselves with composure.
เธอterคุมkumอารมณ์aa-romได้ดีdâai deeพูดpôotน้อยnóiยิ้มyímบางbaangๆ-และláeวางตัวwaang dtuuaสำรวมsăm-ruuamจนjonทำให้tam hâiบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatสงบลงsà-ngòp long
She controlled her emotions well, spoke little, gave a faint smile, and conducted herself modestly, which calmed the atmosphere.
2VerbB2
[to] restrain oneself; keep composed
to control one's speech, actions, or emotions; to behave with modesty and propriety
Examples
ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)พิธีการpí-tii-gaanพิธีการpí-tii-gaan1formalities; protocol2official procedure; formalitiesแบบนี้bɛ̀ɛp-níiแบบนี้bɛ̀ɛp-níi1like this; in this way2this kind/type (modifier)3this kind (standalone)ควรkuuanควรkuuan1should; ought to2appropriate; proper; suitable3[to] deserve; be worthy ofสำรวมsǎm-ruuamสำรวมsǎm-ruuam1restrained; composed; decorous2[to] restrain oneself; keep composedกิริยาgì-rí-yaaกิริยาgì-rí-yaa1behavior; manners; deportment2gesture; movement; mannerism3action; deed (literary, Buddhist)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)พูดpûutพูดpûut1[to] speak; talk2[to] say; speak3[to] tell; talk aboutให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)น้อยnɔ́ɔiน้อยnɔ́ɔi1few; little; small (amount/number)2less; to a lesser degree3young; junior (name/title use)4seldom; rarely
In a formal ceremony like this, you should control your manners and speak little.
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เขาkǎoพยายามpá-yaa-yaamสำรวมsǎm-ruuamอารมณ์aa-romแม้mɛ́ɛจะjàโกรธgròotมากmâakเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatแย่ลงyɛ̂ɛ-long
He tried to control his emotions even though he was very angry, so the atmosphere wouldn’t worsen.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaถูกtùukวิจารณ์wí-jaanอย่างหนักyàang-nàkเธอtəəยังคงyang-kongสำรวมsǎm-ruuamถ้อยคำtɔ̂ɔi-kamและlɛ́ตอบdtɔ̀ɔpอย่างyàangสุภาพsù-pâap
When heavily criticized, she still controlled her words and responded politely.
นักการทูตnák gaan tôotต้องdtôngสำรวมsăm-ruuamทั้งtángวาจาwaa-jaaและláeท่าทีtâa-teeเพื่อpêuuaรักษาrák-săaภาพลักษณ์pâap-pá-lákของkŏngประเทศbprà-tâet
A diplomat must control both speech and demeanor to preserve the country’s image.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is สำรวม said สัม-รวม?
sǎm-ruuam
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableThe vowel ำ hides a final -ม, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
sǎm
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |