หย่อน
yɔ̀ɔnMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] lower; let down; drop [sth] in
to lower or let something down gently; to drop something into a place such as water, a container, or a slot
Examples
โปรดbpròotโปรดbpròot1please (formal/request)2favor; like; be fond of (formal)3favorite; preferredหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnหย่อนyɔ̀ɔn1[to] lower; let down; drop [sth] in2loose; slack; sagging3inferior; below standard; diminished4[to] relax; ease up; be less strict5short of; below; not quite reachingจดหมายjòt-mǎaiจดหมายjòt-mǎailetter (mail)ลงlongลงlong1[to] go down; descend2[to] get off (vehicle)3down; downstream4[to] put; apply; record5[to] decrease; go down6[to] land; alightตู้ไปรษณีย์dtûu-bprai-sà-niiตู้ไปรษณีย์dtûu-bprai-sà-niimailbox; postboxสีแดงsǐi-dɛɛngสีแดงsǐi-dɛɛng1the color red2red; red-coloredหน้าnâaหน้าnâa1face2front; frontage3page4next; upcoming5in front; at the front6season; time of yearธนาคารtá-naa-kaanธนาคารtá-naa-kaan1bank (financial institution)2bank (of something, specialized)
Please drop the letter into the red mailbox in front of the bank.
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He gently dropped a coin into the well after making a wish and closed his eyes.
คุณkunช่วยchûuaiหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnถุงtǔngทรายsaaiลงlongเรือrʉʉaอย่างระวังyàang-rá-wangหน่อยnɔ̀iเดี๋ยวdǐiaoมันmanจะjàเอียงiiang
Please lower the sandbags into the boat carefully, or it will tip.
เจ้าหน้าที่jâo nâa têeหย่อนyònเชือกchûueakลงlongจากjàakหน้าผาnâa păaให้hâiผู้ประสบภัยpôo bprà-sòp paiจับjàpก่อนจะgòn jàค่อยๆkôi kôiดึงdeungขึ้นมาkêun maa
The officer lowered a rope down the cliff for the victim to grab before gradually pulling them up.
2AdjectiveB2
loose; slack; sagging
not tight or firm; slightly loose, slack, or sagging (e.g., rope, skin, clothes)
Examples
เชือกchʉ̂ʉakเชือกchʉ̂ʉak1rope; cord; line2classifier for domesticated elephantsผูกpùukผูกpùuk1[to] tie [sth]; fasten [sth]2[to] bind; connect; associate3[to] obligate; bind; commit4[to] compose; deviseเต็นท์หย่อนdtén-yɔ̀ɔnเต็นท์หย่อนdtén-yɔ̀ɔnsagging tentไปหน่อยbpai-nɔ̀iไปหน่อยbpai-nɔ̀i1a little (farther/over); slightly2a bit (too); somewhat excessiveควรkuuanควรkuuan1should; ought to2appropriate; proper; suitable3[to] deserve; be worthy ofดึงdʉngดึงdʉng1[to] pull; draw (toward oneself)2[to] attract; draw (attention/interest)3[to] drag (on a screen)4[to] hold back; delay; stallให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)ตึงdtʉngตึงdtʉng1tight; taut2stiff; tense (muscle/body)3expensive; steep (price)4to be tight; to become tight5tense; strained (situation)กว่าgwàaกว่าgwàa1than (comparative marker)2more than; overนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)
The tent rope is a bit slack; it should be tightened more.
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The pants' waist is so loose that it sags; I need a belt.
หลังlǎngลดน้ำหนักlót-nám-nàkผิวpǐuที่tîiท้องtɔ́ɔngยังyangดูduuหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔiต้องdtɔ̂ngออกกำลังกายɔ̀ɔk-gam-lang-gaaiเพิ่มpə̂əm
After losing weight, the skin on the abdomen still looks slightly saggy; I need to exercise more.
เชือกchʉ̂ʉakนิรภัยní-rá-paiที่tîiหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnเกินไปgəən-bpaiอาจàatทำให้tam-hâiการพยุงgaan-pá-yungตัวdtuuaไม่มั่นคงmâi-mân-kongและlɛ́เกิดอุบัติเหตุgə̀ət-ù-bàt-dtì-hèetได้dâai
An overly slack safety rope can make support unstable and cause accidents.
3AdjectiveB2
inferior; below standard; diminished
reduced in amount, quality, or standard; below par (e.g., หย่อนคุณภาพ ‘below standard’)
Examples
สินค้าsǐn-káaสินค้าsǐn-káa1product; item2goods; merchandiseชุดchútชุดchút1set; collection2outfit; suit; uniform3classifier for sets/outfits/equipment4series; batchนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ถูกตีกลับtùuk-dtii-glàpถูกตีกลับtùuk-dtii-glàp[to] be returned; [to] be bounced backเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingคุณภาพkun-ná-pâapคุณภาพkun-ná-pâapquality (standard; grade)หย่อนyɔ̀ɔnหย่อนyɔ̀ɔn1[to] lower; let down; drop [sth] in2loose; slack; sagging3inferior; below standard; diminished4[to] relax; ease up; be less strict5short of; below; not quite reachingกว่าgwàaกว่าgwàa1than (comparative marker)2more than; overมาตรฐานmâat-dtrà-tǎanมาตรฐานmâat-dtrà-tǎan1standard; norm; benchmark2standard; standardizedโรงงานroong-ngaanโรงงานroong-ngaanfactory; plant
This batch of products was returned because the quality was below the factory standard.
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บริการหลังการขายbɔɔ-rí-gaan-lǎng-gaan-kǎaiค่อนข้างkɔ̂n-kâangหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnทำให้tam-hâiลูกค้าlûuk-káaหลายคนlǎai-konไม่พอใจmâi-pɔɔ-jai
The after-sales service is rather substandard, causing many customers to be dissatisfied.
รายงานraai-ngaanวิจัยwí-jaiถูกtùukวิจารณ์wí-jaanว่าwâaเนื้อหาnʉ́ʉa-hǎaหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnความรอบคอบkwaam-rɔ̂ɔp-kɔ̂ɔpและlɛ́อ้างอิงâang-ingไม่พอmâi-pɔɔ
The research report was criticized for being below par in thoroughness and lacking sufficient references.
มาตรmâatการคัดกรองgaan-kát-grɔɔngที่tîiหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnเกินไปgəən-bpaiเปิดช่องbpə̀ət-chɔ̂ngให้hâiสินค้าsǐn-káaมีตำหนิmii-dtam-nìหลุดlùtออกɔ̀ɔkสู่sùuตลาดdtà-làat
Overly lax screening measures allowed defective products to slip into the market.
4VerbB2
[to] relax; ease up; be less strict
to relax or reduce strictness, effort, or intensity; to be more lenient or to slacken
Examples
หัวหน้าhǔua-nâaหัวหน้าhǔua-nâa1boss; supervisor2leader; chiefบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâa1[to] say/tell that; report/declare that2[of text/sign] say/indicate thatใกล้glâiใกล้glâi1near; close (in distance/time/resemblance)2[to] be near; be close toเส้นตายsên-dtaaiเส้นตายsên-dtaaideadlineแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ห้ามhâamห้ามhâam[to] forbid; prohibitหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnหย่อนyɔ̀ɔn1[to] lower; let down; drop [sth] in2loose; slack; sagging3inferior; below standard; diminished4[to] relax; ease up; be less strict5short of; below; not quite reachingมาตรฐานmâat-dtrà-tǎanมาตรฐานmâat-dtrà-tǎan1standard; norm; benchmark2standard; standardizedการทำงานgaan-tam-ngaanการทำงานgaan-tam-ngaan1working; work (the act)2operation; functioning
The boss said the deadline is near; we must not slacken our work standards.
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ช่วงนี้chûuang-níiคุณครูkun-kruuหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnกฎระเบียบgòt-rá-bìiapลงlongหน่อยnɔ̀iเพราะprɔ́นักเรียนnák-riianกำลังgam-langเครียดkrîiat
Lately the teacher has relaxed the rules a bit because the students are stressed.
หลังlǎngผ่านpàanช่วงchûuangวิกฤตwí-grìtทีมtiimจึงjʉngหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnความเข้มงวดkwaam-kêm-ngûuatในnaiการgaanตรวจเอกสารdtrùuat-èek-gà-sǎanเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiกระบวนการgrà-buuan-gaanเดินdəənเร็วขึ้นreo-kʉ̂n
After getting through the crisis, the team slackened the strictness of document checks to speed up the process.
เราraoไม่ควรmâi-kuuanหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnความพยายามkwaam-pá-yaa-yaamจนjonกระทบgrà-tópคุณภาพkun-ná-pâapแม้mɛ́ɛจะต้องjà-dtɔ̂ngทำงานtam-ngaanแข่งkɛ̀ngกับgàpเวลาwee-laa
We shouldn’t relax our effort to the point that it affects quality, even when racing against time.
5AdjectiveC1
short of; below; not quite reaching
slightly below or not fully meeting a target, standard, or number; falling short
Examples
คะแนนká-nɛɛnคะแนนká-nɛɛn1score; point(s)2vote (counted choice)3rating; grade; markของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsทีมเราtiim-raoทีมเราtiim-raoour teamยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)หย่อนyɔ̀ɔnหย่อนyɔ̀ɔn1[to] lower; let down; drop [sth] in2loose; slack; sagging3inferior; below standard; diminished4[to] relax; ease up; be less strict5short of; below; not quite reachingจากjàakจากjàak1from; away from2[to] leave; depart; part from3nipa palmเป้าหมายbpâo-mǎaiเป้าหมายbpâo-mǎai1goal; target; aim2target (literal)อยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainสองsɔ̌ɔngสองsɔ̌ɔng1two; 22secondแต้มdtɛ̂ɛmแต้มdtɛ̂ɛm1point; score; tally2dot; speck; spot3[to] dot; dab; apply a small amount
Our team's score is still two points short of the target.
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ยอดขายyôt kăaiไตรมาสนี้dtrai-mâat néeหย่อนyònกว่าgwàaแผนที่păen-têeตั้งไว้dtâng wáiแม้máeจะjàทำการตลาดtam gaan dtà-làatเพิ่มpêrmแล้วก็ตามláew gô dtaam
This quarter’s sales fell short of the plan, even though we increased marketing.
แม้mɛ́ɛคุณสมบัติkun-ná-sǒm-bàtโดยรวมdooi-ruuamดีdiiแต่dtɛ̀ɛประสบการณ์ทำงานbprà-sòp-gaan-tam-ngaanยังyangหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnกว่าgwàaมาตรฐานmâat-dtrà-tǎanตำแหน่งdtam-nɛ̀ngนี้níiอยู่yùuเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔi
Although the overall qualifications are good, the work experience is still slightly below the standard for this position.
รายงานraai-ngaanฉบับchà-bàpนี้níiมีmiiข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunเชิงประจักษ์chəəng-bprà-jàkหย่อนyɔ̀ɔnกว่าที่gwàa-tîiคณะกรรมการká-ná-gam-má-gaanคาดหวังkâat-wǎngจึงjʉngขอให้kɔ̌ɔ-hâiปรับปรุงbpràp-bprungก่อนgɔ̀ɔnพิจารณาpí-jaa-rá-naaต่อdtɔ̀ɔ
This report contains less empirical data than the committee expects, so they request revisions before further consideration.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh classLeading หA silent ห before ย puts this syllable in high class.
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
yɔ̀ɔn
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |