ตึง
dtʉngMeanings
1AdjectiveA2
tight; taut
pulled tight or stretched with no slack
Examples
เชือกchʉ̂ʉakเชือกchʉ̂ʉak1rope; cord; line2classifier for domesticated elephantsผูกpùukผูกpùuk1[to] tie [sth]; fasten [sth]2[to] bind; connect; associate3[to] obligate; bind; commit4[to] compose; deviseแน่นnɛ̂nแน่นnɛ̂n1tight; secure; firm2crowded; packed3uncomfortably full; bloated; tight4solid; reliable; certain (figurative)จนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofตึงdtʉngตึงdtʉng1tight; taut2stiff; tense (muscle/body)3expensive; steep (price)4to be tight; to become tight5tense; strained (situation)
The rope is tied so tight that it’s taut.
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He pulled the rope tight before climbing up.
This guitar string is taut, so the pitch is on key.
2AdjectiveA2
stiff; tense (muscle/body)
feeling hard to move or sore from strain, cold, or overuse
Examples
เช้านี้cháao-níiเช้านี้cháao-níithis morningคอkɔɔคอkɔɔ1neck2throat3collar; neckline4neck (of an object)5enthusiast; fan; loverฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ตึงdtʉngตึงdtʉng1tight; taut2stiff; tense (muscle/body)3expensive; steep (price)4to be tight; to become tight5tense; strained (situation)เดินdəənเดินdəən1[to] walk; go on foot2[to] proceed; go; move along3[to] run; operate (machine/system)4[to] run; operate; keep runningหันhǎnหันhǎn[to] turn; turn towardซ้ายsáaiซ้ายsáai1left (side/direction)2left (on the left side)3leftward; to the left4left-wing; leftistขวาkwǎaขวาkwǎa1right (direction/side)2the right; right side3right; to the rightยากyâakยากyâak1difficult; hard2unlikely; hard to imagine happening3poor; impoverished (dated/formal)
This morning my neck feels stiff; it's hard to turn left or right.
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เมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waanวิ่งwîngไกลglaiไปหน่อยbpai-nɔ̀iวันนี้wan-níiขาkǎaตึงdtʉngเดินขึ้นdəən-kʉ̂nบันไดban-daiแล้วlɛ́ɛoเจ็บjèp
I ran too far yesterday; today my legs are stiff and it hurts to climb stairs.
It’s very cold; my hands are so stiff that I can barely make a fist.
หลังจากlăng jàakยกyókของหนักkŏng nàkทั้งวันtáng wanไหล่làiก็gâwเริ่มrêrmตึงdteungขยับkà-yàpวงแขนwong kăenแล้วláeoรู้สึกrúu-sèukฝืดๆfèut fèut
After lifting heavy things all day, my shoulders started to feel stiff; moving my arms feels rigid.
3AdjectiveB1
expensive; steep (price)
costing more than expected; expensive
Examples
ช่วงนี้chûuang-níiช่วงนี้chûuang-níi1these days; lately; currently2this period (of time); the current periodค่าครองชีพkâa-krɔɔng-chîipค่าครองชีพkâa-krɔɔng-chîipcost of livingตึงdtʉngตึงdtʉng1tight; taut2stiff; tense (muscle/body)3expensive; steep (price)4to be tight; to become tight5tense; strained (situation)เลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceedต้องเลือกdtɔ̂ng-lʉ̂ʉakต้องเลือกdtɔ̂ng-lʉ̂ʉak[to] have to choose; must chooseเมนูmee-nuuเมนูmee-nuu1menu; dish; menu item2menu (software interface)ที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerประหยัดbprà-yàtประหยัดbprà-yàt1economical; cost‑saving2[to] save; be thrifty
The cost of living is steep lately, so I have to choose budget-friendly meals.
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ราคาraa-kaaห้องพักhɔ̂ng-pákแถวนี้tɛ̌ɛo-níiค่อนข้างkɔ̂n-kâangตึงdtʉngในช่วงnai-chûuangเทศกาลtêet-sà-gaan
Room rates around here are rather pricey during the festival season.
ค่าเรียนkâa-riianหลักสูตรlàk-sùutนี้níiตึงdtʉngไปหน่อยbpai-nɔ̀iสำหรับsǎm-ràpนักศึกษาใหม่nák-sʉ̀k-sǎa-mài
The tuition for this course is a bit expensive for new students.
โปรโมชั่นbproo-moo-chânดีdiiแต่dtɛ̀ɛราคาraa-kaaพื้นฐานpʉ́ʉn-tǎanยังyangตึงdtʉngเมื่อเทียบกับmʉ̂ʉa-tîiap-gàpคุณภาพkun-ná-pâapที่tîiได้รับdâi-ráp
The promotion is good, but the base price is still high compared to the quality received.
4VerbB1
to be tight; to become tight
to be in a tight or tense state; to become taut or stiff
Examples
เชือกchʉ̂ʉakเชือกchʉ̂ʉak1rope; cord; line2classifier for domesticated elephantsตากdtàakตากdtàak1to dry; air-dry; sun-dry2[to] expose; be exposed (to the elements)3Tak (province)ผ้าpâaผ้าpâa1cloth; fabric; textile2cloth item3classifier: ผืน (pieces of cloth); ม้วน (rolls); พับ (bolts)ตึงdtʉngตึงdtʉng1tight; taut2stiff; tense (muscle/body)3expensive; steep (price)4to be tight; to become tight5tense; strained (situation)จนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofหนีบnìipหนีบnìip1[to] pinch; clamp2[to] fasten with a clip/peg3[to] tuck under the arm; carry under the arm4[to] straighten with a flat iron (hair)ผ้าpâaผ้าpâa1cloth; fabric; textile2cloth item3classifier: ผืน (pieces of cloth); ม้วน (rolls); พับ (bolts)ได้ดีdâai-diiได้ดีdâai-diisucceed; do well
The clothesline is taut enough to clip clothes well.
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หลังจากlǎng-jàakขึงkʉ̌ngผ้าpâaใบเสร็จbai-sètแล้วlɛ́ɛoผิวpǐuผ้าใบpâa-baiก็gɔ̂ตึงdtʉngไม่มีmâi-miiรอยย่นrɔɔi-yôn
After stretching the canvas, its surface became taut with no wrinkles.
เช้าcháoวันนี้wan-níiอากาศเย็นaa-gàat-yenทำให้tam-hâiผิวหน้าpǐu-nâaรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀kตึงdtʉngอย่างเห็นได้ชัดyàang-hěn-dâai-chát
This morning the cold weather made my facial skin feel noticeably taut.
พอpɔɔปรับbpràpสายsǎaiไวโอลินwai-oo-linถูกtùukระดับrá-dàpเสียงsǐiangก็gɔ̂กังวานgang-waanเพราะprɔ́สายsǎaiตึงdtʉngกำลังgam-langพอดีpɔɔ-dii
Once the violin strings were adjusted to the right level, the sound resonated because the strings were taut just right.
Please pull the rope tighter or it will come loose.
เขาkǎoปรับbpràpนอตnɔ̂ɔtให้hâiตึงdtʉngขึ้นkʉ̂nเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiประตูbprà-dtuuไม่mâiสั่นsànเวลาเปิดปิดwee-laa-bpə̀ət-bpìt
He tightened the screws so the door wouldn’t rattle when opening and closing.
ช่างchângตึงdtʉngสายกีตาร์sǎai-gii-dtâaทีละtii-láเส้นsênจนได้jon-dâaiเสียงsǐiangตามdtaamมาตรฐานmâat-dtrà-tǎanคอนเสิร์ตkɔɔn-sə̀ət
The technician tightened each guitar string until it reached concert pitch.
โปรดbpròotตึงdtʉngผ้าใบpâa-baiให้hâiตึงdtʉngทั่วทั้งtûua-tángผืนpʉ̌ʉnมิฉะนั้นmí-chà-nánลมlomจะjàพัดpátให้เกิดhâi-gə̀ətรอยย่นrɔɔi-yônและlɛ́น้ำขังnáam-kǎng
Please tension the tarp evenly across the whole sheet; otherwise, the wind will cause wrinkles and water pooling.
5AdjectiveB2
tense; strained (situation)
showing stress, pressure, or lack of ease, as in relations or atmosphere
Examples
บรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàat1atmosphere; ambience2atmosphere (gaseous envelope)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ที่ประชุมtîi-bprà-chumที่ประชุมtîi-bprà-chum1meeting; conference (event)2meeting venue/room3the assembly; the bodyตึงdtʉngตึงdtʉng1tight; taut2stiff; tense (muscle/body)3expensive; steep (price)4to be tight; to become tight5tense; strained (situation)ทันtanทันtan1[to] be in time for2in time3[to] catch up with; keep up with; keep abreast of4[to] be a match for; see throughทีหลังtii-lǎngทีหลังtii-lǎng1later; afterwards2next time; in future (occasions)3after others; later in orderมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoข่าวkàaoข่าวkàao1news; news report2news item; report3rumor; hearsayการgaanการgaan1nominalizer2work; business; task3affair; matterตัดงบประมาณdtàt-ngóp-bprà-maanตัดงบประมาณdtàt-ngóp-bprà-maan[to] cut the budget
The atmosphere in the meeting became tense immediately after the budget cuts were announced.
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ช่วงนี้chûuang-níiความสัมพันธ์kwaam-sǎm-panระหว่างrá-wàangสองsɔ̌ɔngบริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtค่อนข้างkɔ̂n-kâangตึงdtʉngเพราะprɔ́กำลังgam-langแย่งyɛ̂ɛngลูกค้าlûuk-káaกลุ่มglùmเดียวกันdiiao-gan
Relations between the two companies are quite strained lately because they’re competing for the same clients.
แม้mɛ́ɛจะjàยิ้มyímให้hâiกันganแต่dtɛ̀ɛเราraoสัมผัสได้sǎm-pàt-dâaiว่าwâaบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatยังyangตึงdtʉngและlɛ́ไม่มีmâi-miiใครkraiกล้าglâaพูดpûutประเด็นbprà-denจริงjing
Even though they smiled at each other, we could sense the atmosphere was still tense and no one dared broach the real issue.
หลังlǎngการเจรจาgaan-jee-rá-jaaไม่mâiคืบหน้าkʉ̂ʉp-nâaความตึงkwaam-dtʉngระหว่างrá-wàangฝ่ายบริหารfàai-bɔɔ-rí-hǎanกับgàpพนักงานpá-nák-ngaanยิ่งyîngทวีtá-wiiความชัดเจนkwaam-chát-jeen
After negotiations stalled, the tension between management and employees became even more apparent.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ง, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dtʉng
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |