อ้างอิง

âang-ing

Meaning

1VerbB1

[to] refer to; cite

to mention a source or point to information to support what you say

Examples

เวลาwee-laaเวลาwee-laa1time2time; period; occasion3when; at the time (that)4classifier: scheduled occasions; meals; dosesเขียนkǐianเขียนkǐian1[to] write2[to] draw; sketch3[to] fill out; write in4[to] compose; author5[to] write (data); burn (a disc)รายงานraai-ngaanรายงานraai-ngaan1report (document/account)2[to] report; inform officiallyฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toอ้างอิงâang-ingอ้างอิงâang-ing[to] refer to; citeแหล่งข้อมูลlɛ̀ng-kɔ̂ɔ-muunแหล่งข้อมูลlɛ̀ng-kɔ̂ɔ-muun1information source2data source (computing/analytics)ที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; order
When writing a report, I must cite the sources I use.
3 more examples
ครูkruuบอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâiนักเรียนnák-riianอ้างอิงâang-ingบทความวิชาการbòt-kwaam-wí-chaa-gaanเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaสนับสนุนsà-nàp-sà-nǔnข้อสรุปkɔ̂ɔ-sà-rùpของkɔ̌ɔngตนdton
The teacher told students to reference academic articles to support their conclusions.
ระหว่างrá-wàangการนำเสนอgaan-nam-sà-nə̌əเขาkǎoอ้างอิงâang-ingงานวิจัยngaan-wí-jaiล่าสุดlâa-sùtเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaยืนยันyʉʉn-yanตัวเลขdtuua-lêek
During the presentation, he cited recent research to verify the figures.
นักข่าวnák-kàaoอ้างอิงâang-ingข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunจากjàakรายงานraai-ngaanของkɔ̌ɔngองค์การอนามัยโลกong-gaan-à-naa-mai-lôokเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเสริมsə̌əmความน่าเชื่อถือkwaam-nâa-chʉ̂ʉa-tʉ̌ʉของkɔ̌ɔngข่าวkàao
The journalist cited data from a WHO report to bolster the credibility of the news.

Tones

See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.

2 syllables · pick one to see its rule

How the tone is decided

  1. Consonant classMid class
  2. Tone markMai tho
  3. Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.

Mid class consonants

กจฎฏดตบปอ

Result

Falling tone

âang

Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.

Mid class + Mai tho → Falling

Tone chart

Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.

Mid classHigh classLow class
No mark + liveMidRisingMid
No mark + dead shortLowLowHigh
No mark + dead longLowLowFalling
Mai ekLowLowFalling
Mai thoFallingFallingHigh
Mai triHigh——
Mai chattawaRising——

Word Breakdown

อ้างâangอ้างâang1[to] claim; assert2[to] cite; quote; refer to3[to] use as a pretext; justify[to] claim; assertPart 1
+
อิงingอิงing1[to] lean (on/against)2[to] rely on; be based on3[to] adjoin; border on (literary)[to] lean (on/against)Part 2
อ้างอิงâang-ingอ้างอิงâang-ing[to] refer to; cite[to] refer to; citeWord

Related Words

Similar Meaning

อ้างถึงâang-tʉ̌ngอ้างถึงâang-tʉ̌ng1Reference: (letter heading)2[to] refer to [sth]; cite [sth]; allude to [sth]; make reference to [sth]
  • Reference: (letter heading)
  • [to] refer to [sth]; cite [sth]; allude to [sth]; make reference to [sth]
อ้างâangอ้างâang1[to] claim; assert2[to] cite; quote; refer to3[to] use as a pretext; justify
  • [to] claim; assert
  • [to] cite; quote; refer to
  • [to] use as a pretext; justify
ยกมาyók-maaยกมาyók-maa1[to] bring/carry here2[to] cite; bring up3[to] bring forward (a figure)
  • [to] bring/carry here
  • [to] cite; bring up
  • [to] bring forward (a figure)
อิงingอิงing1[to] lean (on/against)2[to] rely on; be based on3[to] adjoin; border on (literary)
  • [to] lean (on/against)
  • [to] rely on; be based on
  • [to] adjoin; border on (literary)