ขึ้นมา
kʉ̂n-maaMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] come up (toward the speaker); move upward
to move from a lower place to a higher place toward where the speaker is or to a higher level
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)อยู่ข้างบนyùu-kâang-bonอยู่ข้างบนyùu-kâang-bon[to] be upstairs; [to] be on topขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maaขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maa1[to] come up (toward the speaker); move upward2[to] get up; rise3[to] go up; increase4[to] become; start to be (change of state)5[to] arise; appear; emergeนี่nîiนี่nîi1this (colloq.)2this; this one (pronoun)3here4here is…; look/listen (attention-getter)5you see; after all (colloq.)สิsìสิsì1will; shall (Isan)2emphatic particle (statement)3urging/encouraging particle (imperative)
I'm upstairs. Come up here.
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ถ้าtâaเธอterอยากเห็นyàak hĕnวิวwiuสวยๆsŭuai sŭuaiก็gâwปีนbpeenขึ้นมาkêun maaบนbonนี้néeได้เลยdâai loei
If you want to see the beautiful view, you can climb up here.
The puppy ran up to my bedroom.
พวกเราpûuak-raoหยุดพักyùt-pákนานแล้วnaan-lɛ́ɛoรีบrîipตามdtaamขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maaเร็วเข้าreo-kâoเดี๋ยวdǐiaoจะjàมืดmʉ̂ʉtก่อนgɔ̀ɔn
We've been resting for a long time. Hurry up and follow me up, or it will get dark.
2VerbA2
[to] get up; rise
to move your body to a higher position, such as standing up or sitting up
Examples
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เขาkǎoได้ยินdâi-yinเสียงsǐiangนาฬิกาปลุกnaa-lí-gaa-bplùkก็เลยgɔ̂-ləəiลุกขึ้นมาlúk-kʉ̂n-maaจากjàakเตียงdtiiang
He heard the alarm clock, so he got up from the bed.
คุณยายkun-yaaiนั่งnângไม่ค่อยmâi-kɔ̂iไหวwǎiต้องมีdtɔ̂ng-miiคนช่วยkon-chûuaiพยุงpá-yungให้hâiลุกขึ้นมาlúk-kʉ̂n-maa
Grandma can't really sit up; she needs someone to help her get up.
พอpɔɔได้ยินdâi-yinชื่อchʉ̂ʉตัวเองdtuua-eengถูกtùukประกาศbprà-gàatเธอtəəก็gɔ̂ดีใจdii-jaiจนเผลอjon-plə̌əลุกlúkพรวดprûuatขึ้นkʉ̂nมาจากmaa-jàakเก้าอี้gâo-îi
When she heard her name announced, she was so happy that she involuntarily shot up from her chair.
3VerbB1
[to] go up; increase
to rise to a higher level in amount, value, or intensity
Examples
วันนี้wan-níiวันนี้wan-níi1today (time of speech)2today; this day3nowadays; at presentอากาศร้อนaa-gàat-rɔ́ɔnอากาศร้อนaa-gàat-rɔ́ɔnhot weatherขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maaขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maa1[to] come up (toward the speaker); move upward2[to] get up; rise3[to] go up; increase4[to] become; start to be (change of state)5[to] arise; appear; emergeนิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀iนิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀i1a little; a bit2a small amount
The weather got a little hotter today.
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ราคาraa-kaaทองคำtɔɔng-kamพุ่งสูงขึ้นpûng-sǔung-kʉ̂nมาmaaอย่างรวดเร็วyàang-rûuat-reoในnaiสัปดาห์นี้sàp-daa-níi
The price of gold has risen rapidly this week.
ความดันkwaam-danของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnสูงขึ้นsǔung-kʉ̂nมาmaaทันทีtan-tiiเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀kเครียดkrîiat
My blood pressure rises immediately when I feel stressed.
หลังจากlǎng-jàakประกาศbprà-gàatนโยบายná-yoo-baaiใหม่màiความเชื่อมั่นkwaam-chʉ̂ʉa-mânของkɔ̌ɔngนักลงทุนnák-long-tunก็gɔ̂เพิ่มสูงขึ้นpə̂əm-sǔung-kʉ̂nมาmaaอย่างเห็นได้ชัดyàang-hěn-dâai-chát
After the new policy was announced, investor confidence rose noticeably.
4VerbB1
[to] become; start to be (change of state)
used after verbs or adjectives to mark the onset of a new state, often suddenly (e.g., become quiet/cold/clear)
Examples
อยู่ดีๆyòo dee deeอยู่ดีๆyòo dee deesuddenly; out of the blue; for no apparent reasonอากาศaa-gàatอากาศaa-gàat1air2weatherก็gâwก็gâw1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerหนาวnăaoหนาวnăao1cold; chilly2[to] feel cold3cold season; winter (Thai context)ขึ้นมาkêun maaขึ้นมาkêun maa1[to] come up (toward the speaker); move upward2[to] get up; rise3[to] go up; increase4[to] become; start to be (change of state)5[to] arise; appear; emerge
Suddenly, the weather became cold.
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พอpɔɔครูkruuเดินเข้าdəən-kâoห้องเรียนhɔ̂ng-riianทุกคนtúk-konก็gɔ̂เงียบngîiapขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maaทันทีtan-tii
As soon as the teacher walked into the classroom, everyone suddenly became quiet.
After talking for a long time, the problem became clear.
เขาkǎoรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀kสงสัยsǒng-sǎiขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maaในใจnai-jaiว่าwâaสิ่งที่sìng-tîiเธอtəəพูดpûutเป็นbpenความจริงkwaam-jingหรือไม่rʉ̌ʉ-mâi
A feeling of doubt arose in his heart as to whether what she said was true.
5VerbB2
[to] arise; appear; emerge
to start or become noticeable, especially of issues, feelings, ideas, or problems
Examples
ระหว่างrá-wàangระหว่างrá-wàang1between; among2during3interval; in-between timeการประชุมgaan-bprà-chumการประชุมgaan-bprà-chum1meeting; conference; assembly2session/sitting (of a formal body)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoประเด็นbprà-denประเด็นbprà-den1point; issue2topic; subject3legal point; matter at issueเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangเรื่องrʉ̂ʉang1matter; issue; subject2story; tale3classifier for stories/films/cases4about; regarding (as a topic marker)งบประมาณngóp-bprà-maanงบประมาณngóp-bprà-maan1budget (financial plan)2budget (allocated funds)เกินกำหนดgəən-gam-nòtเกินกำหนดgəən-gam-nòtoverdue; past the deadlineขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maaขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maa1[to] come up (toward the speaker); move upward2[to] get up; rise3[to] go up; increase4[to] become; start to be (change of state)5[to] arise; appear; emerge
During the meeting, the issue of the budget overrun came up.
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อยู่ดีๆyòo dee deeฉันchănก็gâwมีmeeความคิดkwaam kítดีๆdee deeขึ้นมาkêun maaว่าwâaเราraoน่าจะnâa jàไปเที่ยวbpai tîiaoทะเลtá-layกันgan
All of a sudden, a good idea occurred to me that we should go to the beach.
จู่ๆjòo jòoก็gâwมีปัญหาmee bpan-hăaที่têeไม่คาดคิดmâi kâat kítเกิดขึ้นgèrt kêunมาmaaทำtamให้hâiเราraoต้องdtôngเปลี่ยนbplìianแผนpăenทั้งหมดtáng mòt
Suddenly, an unexpected problem arose, forcing us to change the entire plan.
เมื่อmêuuaเห็นhĕnรูปถ่ายrôop tàaiเก่าๆgào gàoความทรงจำkwaam song jamในnaiวัยเด็กwai dèkก็gâwผุดขึ้นมาpùt kêun maaในnaiหัวhŭuaของเขาkŏng kăo
When he saw the old photographs, childhood memories surfaced in his mind.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Falling tone
kʉ̂n
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
High class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ขึ้นkʉ̂nขึ้นkʉ̂n1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-country8waxing phase (of the moon)[to] go up; rise; ascendPart 1
+
มาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect marker[to] come; arrivePart 2
ขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maaขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maa[to] come up (toward the speaker); move upward[to] come up (toward the speaker); move upwardWord