สับ
sàpMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] chop; mince
to cut into small pieces by repeated quick cuts (e.g., meat, herbs)
Examples
แม่mɛ̂ɛแม่mɛ̂ɛ1mother; mom2form of address for a woman (traditional/familiar)3prefix: female; main; baseสับsàpสับsàp1[to] chop; mince2chopped; minced3[to] switch; flip; toggle4[to] shuffle (cards)5[to] cut someone down (fig.)6[to] hack; strike with a chopping blowผักชีpàk-chiiผักชีpàk-chiicoriander; cilantro (leaves/plant)ให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)ละเอียดlá-ìiatละเอียดlá-ìiat1fine; minute; tiny (texture/particles)2detailed; thorough3subtle; delicate; sensitive4refined (opposite of crude)ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerโรยหน้าrooi-nâaโรยหน้าrooi-nâa1[to] garnish; sprinkle on top2[to] dust the surface (finishing layer)
Mom chops the cilantro finely before sprinkling it on top.
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Yesterday I chopped the pork myself to make dumpling filling.
This evening, are you going to chop the onions and garlic to prepare for stir-frying?
เชฟchépสับsàpเนื้อnéuuaอย่างรวดเร็วyàang rûuat-reoเป็นชิ้นbpen chínเล็กlékเท่าๆtâo-tâoกันganเพื่อให้pêuua hâiสุกsùkสม่ำเสมอsà-màm-sà-mĕr
The chef quickly chopped the meat into evenly small pieces so it would cook uniformly.
2AdjectiveA2
chopped; minced
cut into small pieces; minced (esp. in cooking)
Examples
แม่mɛ̂ɛแม่mɛ̂ɛ1mother; mom2form of address for a woman (traditional/familiar)3prefix: female; main; baseสับหมูsàp-mǔuสับหมูsàp-mǔu[to] finely chop/mince porkให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)ละเอียดlá-ìiatละเอียดlá-ìiat1fine; minute; tiny (texture/particles)2detailed; thorough3subtle; delicate; sensitive4refined (opposite of crude)ทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] act; behave3[to] cook; prepare food4[to] do; carry out (work)5[to] cause; makeต้มจืดdtôm-jʉ̀ʉtต้มจืดdtôm-jʉ̀ʉtclear soup; non-spicy soup
Mom minces the pork finely to make clear soup.
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Yesterday I minced garlic finely for Pad Thai.
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiช่วยchûuaiสับsàpไก่gàiให้hâiละเอียดlá-ìiatหน่อยnɔ̀iนะnáจะjàทำtamข้าวkâaoหน้าnâaไก่gài
Tomorrow please mince the chicken finely; I'm making chicken over rice.
เชฟchéepบอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâiสับsàpเห็ดhètจนjonเนื้อnʉ́ʉaเนียนniianเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiซอสsɔ́ɔtมีmiiเนื้อสัมผัสnʉ́ʉa-sǎm-pàtสม่ำเสมอsà-màm-sà-mə̌ə
The chef said to mince the mushrooms until smooth so the sauce has a consistent texture.
3VerbB1
[to] switch; flip; toggle
to change or flip a switch, setting, or option; to toggle between options
Examples
ถ้าtâaถ้าtâaif; in caseแอปค้างɛ́p-káangแอปค้างɛ́p-káang1[to] freeze; become unresponsive (of an app)2frozen app stateให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)สับsàpสับsàp1[to] chop; mince2chopped; minced3[to] switch; flip; toggle4[to] shuffle (cards)5[to] cut someone down (fig.)6[to] hack; strike with a chopping blowการตั้งgaan-dtângการตั้งgaan-dtâng1establishment; founding; setting up2erecting; placing upright; positioning; aiming3adjustment; tuning; setting (values/parameters)ค่าอินเทอร์เน็ตkâa-in-təə-nétค่าอินเทอร์เน็ตkâa-in-təə-nétinternet fee; internet billเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ปิดแล้วเปิดใหม่bpìt-lɛ́ɛo-bpə̀ət-màiปิดแล้วเปิดใหม่bpìt-lɛ́ɛo-bpə̀ət-mài[to] restart; [to] reboot
If the app freezes, toggle the internet setting off and on again.
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เธอtəəสับบัญชีsàp-ban-chiiใช้งานchái-ngaanระหว่างrá-wàangส่วนตัวsùuan-dtuuaกับgàpงานngaanตลอดdtà-lɔ̀ɔtเพราะprɔ́ต้องdtɔ̂ngแยกyɛ̂ɛkการแจ้งเตือนgaan-jɛ̂ɛng-dtʉʉan
She constantly toggles between personal and work accounts because she needs to separate notifications.
ผมpǒmตั้งdtângคีย์ลัดkii-látไว้wáiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaสับธีมsàp-tiimระหว่างrá-wàangโหมดสว่างmòot-sà-wàangกับgàpโหมดมืดmòot-mʉ̂ʉtได้dâaiทันทีtan-tiiโดยdooiไม่ต้องmâi-dtɔ̂ngเข้าเมนูkâo-mee-nuu
I set a shortcut key to instantly toggle between light and dark themes without opening the menu.
I toggle the mode to silent when I go into meetings.
I toggle the mode from silent to vibrate when I go into meetings.
เวลาwee-laaเล่นเกมlên-geemเขาkǎoมักmákสับsàpตั้งค่าdtâng-kâaกราฟิกgraa-fìkไปมาbpai-maaจนกว่าจะjon-gwàa-jàลื่นlʉ̂ʉnที่สุดtîi-sùt
When gaming, he often toggles the graphics settings back and forth until it runs the smoothest.
เพื่อpʉ̂ʉaประหยัดbprà-yàtแบตเตอรี่bɛ̀t-dtəə-rîiคุณควรkun-kuuanสับsàpการเชื่อมต่อgaan-chʉ̂ʉam-dtɔ̀ɔข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunเป็นbpenปิดbpìtเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaไม่mâiใช้งานchái-ngaanแล้วlɛ́ɛoค่อยkɔ̂iสับsàpกลับglàpเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaจำเป็นjam-bpen
To save battery, you should toggle mobile data off when not in use, then toggle it back on when needed.
If the light doesn’t turn on, flip the switch up again.
If the app is glitchy, toggle the mode to offline first.
He toggles the switch to silent every time he enters the meeting room.
ระหว่างประชุมrá-wàang-bprà-chumฉันchǎnต้องdtɔ̂ngคอยkɔɔiสับsàpหน้าจอnâa-jɔɔไปมาbpai-maaระหว่างrá-wàangสไลด์sà-laiกับgàpวิดีโอwí-dii-oo
During the meeting I had to keep toggling the screen between slides and the video.
ลองlɔɔngสับsàpตั้งค่าความเป็นส่วนตัวdtâng-kâa-kwaam-bpen-sùuan-dtuuaจากjàakสาธารณะsǎa-taa-rá-náเป็นbpenเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉanเท่านั้นtâo-nánแล้วlɛ́ɛoดูว่าduu-wâaปัญหาbpan-hǎaยังอยู่yang-yùuไหมmǎi
Try toggling the privacy setting from Public to Friends only, and see if the issue remains.
4VerbB1
[to] shuffle (cards)
to mix playing cards to change their order
5VerbB2
[to] cut someone down (fig.)
to harshly criticize or attack someone verbally (slang/informal)
Examples
นักวิจารณ์nák-wí-jaanนักวิจารณ์nák-wí-jaancritic; reviewerสับหนังsàp-nǎngสับหนังsàp-nǎng1to pan a movie2[to] cut up hide/leatherเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangเรื่องrʉ̂ʉang1matter; issue; subject2story; tale3classifier for stories/films/cases4about; regarding (as a topic marker)นี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ยับyápยับyáp1crumpled; wrinkled2in tatters; ruined; badly damaged3badly; severely; to bitsบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâa1[to] say/tell that; report/declare that2[of text/sign] say/indicate thatเนื้อเรื่องnʉ́ʉa-rʉ̂ʉangเนื้อเรื่องnʉ́ʉa-rʉ̂ʉang1plot; storyline2content; subject matterหลวมlǔuamหลวมlǔuam1loose (not tight)2slack; lax (not firm or strict)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)แสดงsà-dɛɛngแสดงsà-dɛɛng1[to] show; demonstrate2[to] perform; act; put on (a show)3[to] express4[to] present; exhibitแข็งทื่อkɛ̌ng-tʉ̂ʉแข็งทื่อkɛ̌ng-tʉ̂ʉ1stiff; rigid2wooden; stiff-faced
Critics ripped this movie apart, saying the plot was loose and the acting stiff.
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โพสต์póotเมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉnโดนdoonคอมเมนต์kɔm-ménสับเละsàp-léเพราะprɔ́ข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunผิดพลาดpìt-plâatหลายlǎaiจุดjùt
Last night’s post got heavily slammed in the comments due to several inaccuracies.
โค้ชkóotออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaสับฟอร์มsàp-fɔɔmทีมtiimต่อหน้าdtɔ̀ɔ-nâaสื่อsʉ̀ʉชี้ว่าchíi-wâaขาดkàatวินัยwí-naiและlɛ́ไม่มีmâi-miiแผนสำรองpɛ̌ɛn-sǎm-rɔɔng
The coach publicly blasted the team’s performance, pointing out a lack of discipline and no backup plan.
พิธีกรpí-tii-gɔɔnสับsàpนโยบายná-yoo-baaiใหม่màiแบบbɛ̀ɛpไม่mâiไว้หน้าwái-nâaด้วยdûuaiเหตุผลhèet-pǒnทั้งtángเชิงข้อมูลchəəng-kɔ̂ɔ-muunและlɛ́ผลกระทบpǒn-grà-tópต่อdtɔ̀ɔประชาชนbprà-chaa-chon
The host openly tore into the new policy, citing both data-driven reasons and its impact on the public.
6VerbB2
[to] hack; strike with a chopping blow
to strike with a blade in a chopping motion, as with a knife or machete
Examples
คนร้ายkon-ráaiคนร้ายkon-ráai1criminal; culprit; perpetrator; assailant2villain (in fiction)ใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderมีดmîitมีดmîitknifeสับsàpสับsàp1[to] chop; mince2chopped; minced3[to] switch; flip; toggle4[to] shuffle (cards)5[to] cut someone down (fig.)6[to] hack; strike with a chopping blowประตูbprà-dtuuประตูbprà-dtuu1door; gate; portal2goal (structure or score)3classifier: doors; gates; goalsจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofไม้máaiไม้máai1wood; timber2stick; rod; club; bat3classifier: skewers of food4tone/diacritic mark (Thai orthography)5tool; implementแตกdtɛ̀ɛkแตกdtɛ̀ɛk1[to] crack; break; shatter2broken; cracked3[to] burst; rupture4[to] split up; fall apart (figurative)5[to] be exposed; come to light6[to] ejaculate; climax (slang)เพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofบุกbùkบุกbùk1[to] invade; storm; raid; charge2[to] push in; force one’s way in; make an aggressive move (figurative)3konjac; elephant yam; Amorphophallus plantเข้าไปkâo-bpaiเข้าไปkâo-bpai1[to] go in; enter (away from the speaker)2directional complement: into; in (away from speaker)
The assailant used a knife to hack at the door until the wood splintered to break in.
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ตำรวจdtam-rùuatบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaผู้ต้องสงสัยpûu-dtɔ̂ng-sǒng-sǎiสับsàpกระเป๋าหนังgrà-bpǎo-nǎngเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaทำลายหลักฐานtam-laai-làk-tǎan
The police said the suspect hacked the leather bag to destroy evidence.
เขาkăoโกรธจัดgròht jàtจนjonสับsàpต้นกล้วยdtôn glûuaiด้วยdûuayมีดพร้าmêet práaเป็นชิ้นbpen chínๆ-อย่างรุนแรงyàang run raeng
He was so furious that he violently hacked the banana trunk into pieces with a machete.
รายงานraai-ngaanระบุว่าrá-bù-wâaคนงานkon-ngaanเถื่อนtʉ̀ʉanสับsàpเถาวัลย์tǎo-wanหนาทึบnǎa-tʉ́pเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเปิดทางbpə̀ət-taangแม้mɛ́ɛจะjàเสี่ยงอันตรายsìiang-an-dtà-raai
The report stated that illegal workers hacked through the dense vines to clear a path, despite the danger.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -บ, a stop, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
sàp
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |