ฉะ
chàMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] attack; lash out (esp. verbally)
to attack or tear into [sb] (often verbally), to sharply criticize or denounce [sb] in speech
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillโดนdoonโดนdoon1[to] get; be subjected to (passive, often negative)2[to] be hit; be struck; be affected3[to] hit the mark; be spot on (slang/colloq.)เจ้านายjâo-naaiเจ้านายjâo-naai1boss; employer; superior2master; owner (of servant or animal)3royalty; member of a royal familyฉะchàฉะchà1[to] attack; lash out (esp. verbally)2[to] slash; strike; chop3in such a manner (in fixed expressions)กลางglaangกลางglaang1middle; center2middle; central3in the middle; in the center4amid; in the midst of; mid-ที่ประชุมtîi-bprà-chumที่ประชุมtîi-bprà-chum1meeting; conference (event)2meeting venue/room3the assembly; the bodyเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangเรื่องrʉ̂ʉang1matter; issue; subject2story; tale3classifier for stories/films/cases4about; regarding (as a topic marker)ที่มาtîi-maaที่มาtîi-maa1origin; source2background; provenance; etymology3source; reference (citation)สายsǎaiสายsǎai1late (in the day); running late2morning (late morning period)3line; wire; cable4route; line (transport/communication)5classifier for long, flexible things (wires, ropes, necklaces)6informant; spy; secret agent7phone call8string; strap; band9lineage; affiliation; branch10classifier for rivers and streams
He got torn into by the boss in the middle of the meeting for being late.
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พอpɔɔเริ่มrə̂əmคุยกันkui-ganได้dâaiไม่นานmâi-naanสองsɔ̌ɔngคนkonนั้นnánก็gɔ̂เริ่มrə̂əmฉะchàกันganเสียงดังลั่นsǐiang-dang-lân
Not long after they started talking, the two of them started verbally attacking each other loudly.
พิธีกรpí-tii-gɔɔnรายการraai-gaanข่าวkàaoฉะchàนักการเมืองnák-gaan-mʉʉangอย่างดุเดือดyàang-dù-dʉ̀ʉatเกี่ยวกับgìiao-gàpนโยบายná-yoo-baaiที่tîiล้มเหลวlóm-lěeo
The news anchor fiercely denounced the politician over the failed policy.
ถ้าtâaเขาkǎoยังyangพูดจาpûut-jaaไม่mâiให้เกียรติhâi-gìiatกันganอีกìikฉันchǎnคงkongต้องdtɔ̂ngลุกขึ้นlúk-kʉ̂nไปbpaiฉะchàเขาkǎoต่อหน้าdtɔ̀ɔ-nâaทุกคนtúk-kon
If he continues to speak disrespectfully, I'll probably have to get up and tear into him in front of everyone.
2VerbC1
[to] slash; strike; chop
to strike or cut [sth] with a blade or similar implement
Examples
ชาวสวนchaao-sǔuanชาวสวนchaao-sǔuanorchard farmer; horticultural farmer; gardener (by trade)ใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderมีดพร้าmîit-práaมีดพร้าmîit-práamachete; billhookฉะchàฉะchà1[to] attack; lash out (esp. verbally)2[to] slash; strike; chop3in such a manner (in fixed expressions)กิ่งไม้gìng-máaiกิ่งไม้gìng-máaitree branchที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerเกะกะgè-gàเกะกะgè-gà1obstructive; in the way; cluttered2[to] get in the way; clutter upขวางทางkwǎang-taangขวางทางkwǎang-taang[to] block the way; [to] be in the way
The gardener used a large knife to forcefully cut the branches that were obstructing the path.
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ด้วยdûuaiความโมโหkwaam-moo-hǒoเขาkǎoเงื้อngʉ́ʉaขวานkwǎanขึ้นkʉ̂nสุดsùtแขนkɛ̌ɛnแล้วlɛ́ɛoฉะchàลงบนlong-bonตอไม้dtɔɔ-máaiอย่างแรงyàang-rɛɛng
Out of anger, he raised the axe with all his might and cleaved it forcefully into the tree stump.
ในnaiวรรณคดีwan-ná-ká-diiเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangขุนช้างขุนแผนkǔn-cháang-kǔn-pɛ̌ɛnมีmiiฉากchàakที่tîiพลายงามplaai-ngaamใช้cháiดาบdàapฉะchàร่างrâangของkɔ̌ɔngศัตรูsàt-dtruuขาดสะบั้นkàat-sà-bân
In the literary work 'Khun Chang Khun Phaen', there is a scene where Phlai Ngam uses his sword to slash his enemy's body to pieces.
ทหารโบราณtá-hǎan-boo-raanต้องdtɔ̂ngฝึกฝนfʉ̀k-fǒnการใช้gaan-cháiทวนtuuanและlɛ́ง้าวngáaoเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaฉะchàฟันfanข้าศึกkâa-sʉ̀kให้hâiขาดkàatในnaiเพลงpleengอาวุธaa-wútเดียวdiiao
Ancient soldiers had to train in using spears and glaives to cleave through enemies in a single weapon stroke.
3AdverbC1
in such a manner (in fixed expressions)
an element meaning ‘in such a manner’, used in expressions such as ฉะนี้ฉะนี้chà-níithus; like this; in this way ‘like this’ and ฉะนั้นฉะนั้นchà-nántherefore; thus ‘like that; therefore’
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillทำงานหนักtam-ngaan-nàkทำงานหนักtam-ngaan-nàk1[to] work hard2[to] be under heavy loadมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerตลอดทั้งปีdtà-lɔ̀ɔt-táng-bpiiตลอดทั้งปีdtà-lɔ̀ɔt-táng-bpiiall year long; throughout the year; year-roundฉะนั้นchà-nánฉะนั้นchà-nántherefore; thusเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillจึงjʉngจึงjʉng1therefore; so; thus2only then; then (as a result)สมควรsǒm-kuuanสมควรsǒm-kuuan1appropriate; fitting; proper2[to] ought to; should (be appropriate)ได้รับdâi-rápได้รับdâi-ráp1[to] receive; get; obtain; be given/granted/awarded2[to] experience; be subjected to; suffer; sustain; be affected by3[to] be ...-ed (passive with ได้รับ/ได้รับการ)การgaanการgaan1nominalizer2work; business; task3affair; matterขึ้นเงินเดือนkʉ̂n-ngən-dʉʉanขึ้นเงินเดือนkʉ̂n-ngən-dʉʉan1[to] get a pay raise2[to] give [sb] a pay raise
He has worked hard all year, thus he deserves a raise.
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การสื่อสารgaan-sʉ̀ʉ-sǎanเกิดgə̀ətความผิดพลาดkwaam-pìt-plâatด้วยเหตุฉะนี้dûuai-hèet-chà-níiโครงการkroong-gaanจึงjʉngล่าlâaช้ากว่าcháa-gwàaกำหนดgam-nòt
There was a miscommunication; for this reason, the project was delayed.
บัดนี้bàt néeจักjàkได้dâiพรรณนาถึงpan-ná-naa tĕungคุณแห่งkun hàengพระรัตนตรัยprá rát-dtà-ná-dtraiเป็นลำดับbpen lam-dàpไปbpaiดังdangจะjàกล่าวglàaoฉะนี้chà née
Now, the virtues of the Triple Gem shall be described in order, as will be told thus.
การกระทำgaan-grà-tamของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoขัดต่อkàt-dtɔ̀ɔหลักมนุษยธรรมlàk-má-nút-sà-yá-tamอย่างyàangร้ายแรงráai-rɛɛngฉะนั้นchà-nánจึงjʉngไม่อาจmâi-àatเป็นที่ยอมรับbpen-tîi-yɔɔm-rápของkɔ̌ɔngสังคมsǎng-komได้dâai
His actions gravely violate humanitarian principles; therefore, they cannot be accepted by society.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
chà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |