เคี่ยว(kîiao)

Meanings

1VerbB1

[to] simmer; reduce

To cook slowly over low heat to thicken or concentrate, or to reduce liquid by boiling.

Examples

แม่mâeแม่mâe1mother; mom2madam; ma’am (rural/archaic)3prefix: female; main; baseเคี่ยวแกงkîiao gaengเคี่ยวแกงkîiao gaeng[to] simmer a curryให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] have [sb] do; cause to3for (benefit of)4so that; in order to5until; to the point that (result)6[to] allow; let; permitงวดngûuatงวดngûuat1installment; installment period2round; draw (e.g., lottery issue)จนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofหอมhŏmหอมhŏm1fragrant; pleasantly scented2[to] smell nice; be fragrant3shallot; scallion (Thai usage)
Mom simmered the curry until it thickened and became fragrant.
2VerbB2

[to] refine/purify by boiling or heating

To process a substance by boiling or prolonged heating so it becomes purer or reaches the desired consistency (e.g., salt, rubber, sugar).

Examples

ชาวบ้านchaao bâanชาวบ้านchaao bâan1villagers; locals; rural residents2ordinary people; laypeople; the public3folksy; colloquial; plain (as a modifier)เคี่ยวkîiaoเคี่ยวkîiao1[to] simmer; reduce2[to] refine/purify by boiling or heating3stingy; tight-fisted4[to] toughen; harden (through strict discipline)5[to] nag; harp on; keep pressingเกลือgleuuaเกลือgleuua1salt (table salt)2salt (chemical class)จากjàakจากjàak1from; away from2[to] leave; depart (literary/formal)3parting; separation (literary)น้ำทะเลnám tá-layน้ำทะเลnám tá-layseawater; water from the seaจนได้jon dâiจนได้jon dâi1ended up (resultative, often undesired)2eventually; in the end; after all3There it is; so it happened (after all)ผลึกpà-lèukผลึกpà-lèuk1crystal; crystalline solid2crystallineขาวkăaoขาวkăao1white (color)2fair-skinned; light-complexioned3white (substance/thing)4[to] turn white; whiten5plain; unseasoned (esp. rice)สะอาดsà-àatสะอาดsà-àat1neat; tidy2pure; innocent (morally clean)3clean
Villagers process salt from seawater by boiling it until clean white crystals form.
3AdjectiveB2

stingy; tight-fisted

Very unwilling to spend or share; miserly (colloquial).

Examples

เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเคี่ยวkîiaoเคี่ยวkîiao1[to] simmer; reduce2[to] refine/purify by boiling or heating3stingy; tight-fisted4[to] toughen; harden (through strict discipline)5[to] nag; harp on; keep pressingมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2many; numerous3much; a lot; greatlyเลี้ยงlíiangเลี้ยงlíiang1[to] raise; bring up2[to] keep (as a pet); rear3[to] support; maintain4[to] host; treat5[to] feedเพื่อนpêuuanเพื่อนpêuuan1friend2classmate; colleague (peer)3companion; fellowไม่เคยmâi koieไม่เคยmâi koienever; have neverออกòkออกòk1[to] go out; exit; leave2[to] come out; appear; be issued3[to] produce; emit; put out4[to] pay; spend; disburse5[to] issue; publish6out; outward7resulting; turn out8[to] quit; resign9[in sports] out of boundsตังค์dtangตังค์dtang1money; cash (informal, colloquial)2satang (archaic/dated)เลยloieเลยloie1so; thus; then (immediate result)2completely; absolutely (emphasis)3past; beyond; exceed4at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)
He’s very stingy; he never pays when treating friends.
4VerbB2

[to] toughen; harden (through strict discipline)

To make someone more disciplined or resilient through strict or harsh treatment or training.

Examples

โค้ชkóhtโค้ชkóht1coach; trainer2[to] coach; [to] trainเคี่ยวkîiaoเคี่ยวkîiao1[to] simmer; reduce2[to] refine/purify by boiling or heating3stingy; tight-fisted4[to] toughen; harden (through strict discipline)5[to] nag; harp on; keep pressingทีมteemทีมteem1team; group2squad; staff unitอย่างหนักyàang nàkอย่างหนักyàang nàkheavily; severely; seriously; intenselyจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofทุกคนtúk konทุกคนtúk koneveryone; everybodyมีmeeมีmee1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoวินัยwí-naiวินัยwí-nai1discipline; self-discipline2disciplinary rules; code of conduct3monastic discipline (Buddhism)มากขึ้นmâak kêunมากขึ้นmâak kêun1more; increasingly2greater; more (than before)
The coach trained the team harshly until everyone became more disciplined.
5VerbB2

[to] nag; harp on; keep pressing

To keep criticizing, urging, or pressuring someone repeatedly about something (colloquial).

Examples

แม่mâeแม่mâe1mother; mom2madam; ma’am (rural/archaic)3prefix: female; main; baseเคี่ยวkîiaoเคี่ยวkîiao1[to] simmer; reduce2[to] refine/purify by boiling or heating3stingy; tight-fisted4[to] toughen; harden (through strict discipline)5[to] nag; harp on; keep pressingให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] have [sb] do; cause to3for (benefit of)4so that; in order to5until; to the point that (result)6[to] allow; let; permitผมpŏmผมpŏm1I; me (male speaker, polite)2hair (on the head)อ่านหนังสือàan năng-sĕuอ่านหนังสือàan năng-sĕu[to] read; [to] studyทุกวันtúk wanทุกวันtúk wan1every day; daily2everyday (attributive); dailyจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofเบื่อbèuuaเบื่อbèuua1bored; fed up2[to] be bored with; be tired of3nauseated; queasy (colloq.)เลยloieเลยloie1so; thus; then (immediate result)2completely; absolutely (emphasis)3past; beyond; exceed4at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)
Mom keeps nagging me to read every day until I'm sick of it.

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