การทอน
gaan-tɔɔnMeanings
1NounA2
giving change
The act of returning the difference between the amount paid and the price when a customer pays more than the amount due.
Examples
แม่mɛ̂ɛแม่mɛ̂ɛ1mother; mom2form of address for a woman (traditional/familiar)3prefix: female; main; baseใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderเหรียญrǐianเหรียญrǐian1coin2medal3CL: เหรียญ4round metal token5crypto coin; cryptocurrency6dollar (informal)7virtual coin; virtual currency unitในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)การทอนgaan-tɔɔnการทอนgaan-tɔɔn1giving change2reduction; shortening3reducing a fraction4cutting into sectionsเงินngənเงินngən1money2silver (metal)ให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)ลูกค้าlûuk-káaลูกค้าlûuk-káacustomer; client
Mom uses coins to give customers change.
3 more examplesShow less
การทอนgaan-tɔɔnเงินngənครั้งนี้kráng-níiผิดpìtไปbpaiสิบsìpบาทbàatแม่ค้าmɛ̂ɛ-káaจึงjʉngคืนเงินkʉʉn-ngənให้hâiฉันchǎnเพิ่มpə̂əm
The change was ten baht short this time, so the vendor gave me the extra money.
ฉันchǎnช่วยchûuaiแม่mɛ̂ɛเตรียมdtriiamเหรียญrǐianไว้wáiสำหรับsǎm-ràpการทอนgaan-tɔɔnเงินngənพรุ่งนี้prûng-níi
I helped Mom prepare coins for giving change tomorrow.
ลูกค้าlûuk-káaจ่ายjàaiแบงก์พันbɛ́ng-panสำหรับsǎm-ràpของkɔ̌ɔngราคาraa-kaaแค่kɛ̂ɛห้าสิบhâa-sìpบาทbàatพนักงานpá-nák-ngaanจึงjʉngต้องdtɔ̂ngหาhǎaแบงก์bɛ́ngย่อยyɔ̂ɔiมาใช้maa-cháiในnaiการทอนgaan-tɔɔnเงินngən
The customer paid with a thousand-baht note for something costing only fifty baht, so the employee had to find smaller notes to give change.
2NounB1
reduction; shortening
The act of reducing an amount, size, duration, strength, or extent.
Examples
การทอนgaan-tɔɔnการทอนgaan-tɔɔn1giving change2reduction; shortening3reducing a fraction4cutting into sectionsบทพูดbòt-pûutบทพูดbòt-pûut1spoken lines; dialogue2speech text; script of a talkให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)สั้นsânสั้นsân1short (length)2short (time; brief)3conciseลงlongลงlong1[to] go down; descend2[to] get off (vehicle)3down; downstream4[to] put; apply; record5[to] decrease; go down6[to] land; alight7southward; down-country8[to] publish; post [sth] onlineช่วยให้chûuai-hâiช่วยให้chûuai-hâi[to] enable; help [sb/sth] (to) do [sth]; make [sth] possible/easierฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)3like; as (in the manner of)จำได้jam-dâaiจำได้jam-dâai[to] remember [sth]; [to] recall [sth]; [to] recognize [sb/sth]ง่ายขึ้นngâai-kʉ̂nง่ายขึ้นngâai-kʉ̂n1easier (than before)2more easily (than before)3[to] become easier
Shortening the lines makes them easier for me to memorize.
3 more examplesShow less
บทความbòt-kwaamนี้níiอ่านง่ายàan-ngâaiขึ้นkʉ̂nหลังจากlǎng-jàakมีmiiการทอนgaan-tɔɔnรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatที่tîiไม่จำเป็นmâi-jam-bpenออกไปɔ̀ɔk-bpai
This article became easier to read after unnecessary details were removed.
ทีมเราtiim-raoเน้นnénการทอนgaan-tɔɔnกำลังgam-langคู่แข่งkûu-kɛ̀ngโดยdooiบุกbùkอย่างต่อเนื่องyàang-dtɔ̀ɔ-nʉ̂ʉangจนjonอีกฝ่ายìik-fàaiเริ่มrə̂əmเหนื่อยnʉ̀ʉai
Our team focuses on wearing down the opposition by attacking continuously until they begin to tire.
การทอนgaan-tɔɔnอำนาจam-nâatของkɔ̌ɔngหน่วยงานส่วนกลางnùuai-ngaan-sùuan-glaangจะjàไม่mâiเกิดผลgə̀ət-pǒnจริงjingหากhàakท้องถิ่นtɔ́ɔng-tìnยังyangไม่มีสิทธิ์mâi-mii-sìtตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangงบประมาณngóp-bprà-maanของkɔ̌ɔngตนเองdton-eeng
Reducing the power of central government agencies will have no real effect if local authorities still cannot make decisions about their own budgets.
3NounB1
reducing a fraction
The process of simplifying a fraction by dividing its numerator and denominator by a common factor without changing its value.
Examples
การทอนgaan-tɔɔnการทอนgaan-tɔɔn1giving change2reduction; shortening3reducing a fraction4cutting into sectionsเศษส่วนsèet-sùuanเศษส่วนsèet-sùuanfraction (mathematics)ทำให้tam-hâiทำให้tam-hâi1[to] make; cause [sb/sth] to [do/be sth]; render2[to] do/make [sth] for [sb]ตัวเลขdtuua-lêekตัวเลขdtuua-lêek1numeral; written number2figures; numerical dataเล็กลงlék-longเล็กลงlék-long[to] become smaller; [to] decreaseแต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)ค่าkâaค่าkâa1cost; fee; charge2value; numerical value3worth; value (abstract)4monetary value; worth5ค่า is a friendly drawn-out or written form of ค่ะ, used mainly in informal replies, acknowledgments, and thanks.ของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuffเศษส่วนsèet-sùuanเศษส่วนsèet-sùuanfraction (mathematics)ยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)5to; towardเท่าเดิมtâo-dəəmเท่าเดิมtâo-dəəmthe same as before; unchanged
Reducing a fraction makes the numbers smaller, but the fraction's value stays the same.
3 more examplesShow less
การทอนgaan-tɔɔnเศษส่วนsèet-sùuanจากjàakหกhòkส่วนsùuanเก้าgâaoเป็นสองbpen-sɔ̌ɔngส่วนsùuanสามsǎamทำได้tam-dâaiโดยdooiหารhǎanทั้งtángเศษsèetและlɛ́ส่วนsùuanด้วยdûuaiสามsǎam
Reducing the fraction six ninths to two thirds is done by dividing both the numerator and denominator by three.
ครูkruuอธิบายà-tí-baaiว่าwâaการทอนgaan-tɔɔnเศษส่วนsèet-sùuanต้องdtɔ̂ngหารhǎanทั้งtángเศษsèetและlɛ́ส่วนsùuanด้วยdûuaiตัวประกอบร่วมdtuua-bprà-gɔ̀ɔp-rûuamเดียวกันdiiao-gan
The teacher explained that reducing a fraction requires dividing both the numerator and denominator by the same common factor.
การทอนgaan-tɔɔnเศษส่วนsèet-sùuanให้hâiอยู่ในyùu-naiรูปrûupอย่างต่ำyàang-dtàmต้องdtɔ̂ngดำเนินต่อไปdam-nəən-dtɔ̀ɔ-bpaiจนกว่าjon-gwàaเศษsèetและlɛ́ส่วนsùuanจะไม่มีjà-mâi-miiตัวประกอบร่วมdtuua-bprà-gɔ̀ɔp-rûuamอื่นʉ̀ʉnนอกจากnɔ̂ɔk-jàakหนึ่งnʉ̀ng
Reducing a fraction to its lowest terms must continue until the numerator and denominator have no common factor other than one.
4NounC1
cutting into sections
The act of cutting something, such as wood, into shorter pieces or sections.
Examples
พ่อpôrพ่อpôr1father; dad2sir; mister (rural/archaic)3prefix: male person; leader; father figureใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderเลื่อยlêuuaiเลื่อยlêuuai1saw (tool)2[to] saw; [to] cut with a sawในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)การทอนgaan tonการทอนgaan ton1giving change2reduction; shortening3reducing a fraction4cutting into sectionsไม้máiไม้mái1wood; timber2stick; rod; club; bat3classifier: skewers of food4tone/diacritic mark (Thai orthography)5tool; implementเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ท่อนtônท่อนtôn1section; piece (long, solid part)2classifier (sections/lengths)3stanza; verse; passage4section (of the body)5classifier: passages; verse sectionsสั้นsânสั้นsân1short (length)2short (time; brief)3conciseๆ-แล้วláeoแล้วláeo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)นำไปnam bpaiนำไปnam bpai[to] take; carry; bring [sb/sth] (away/to somewhere)ทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] act; behave3[to] cook; prepare food4[to] cause; makeฟืนfeunฟืนfeunfirewood
Dad uses a saw to cut the wood into short sections, then uses them as firewood.
3 more examplesShow less
ก่อนgònเริ่มrêrmการทอนgaan tonไม้ซุงmáai sungเป็นbpenท่อนtônสั้นsânๆ-คนงานkon ngaanต้องdtôngยึดไม้yéut máaiให้hâiแน่นnâenเพื่อไม่ให้pêuua mâi hâiกลิ้งglîngขณะkà-nàใช้cháiเลื่อยlêuuai
Before cutting the logs into short sections, the workers must secure them firmly so they do not roll while being sawed.
การทอนgaan-tɔɔnไม้ซุงmáai-sungให้ได้hâi-dâaiความยาวkwaam-yaaoตามdtaamแบบbɛ̀ɛpต้องdtɔ̂ngเผื่อpʉ̀ʉaส่วนsùuanที่จะtîi-jàสูญเสียsǔun-sǐiaไปbpaiกับgàpแนวnɛɛoเลื่อยlʉ̂ʉaiมิฉะนั้นmí-chà-nánท่อนtɔ̂nที่tîiได้dâaiอาจàatสั้นsânเกินกว่าgəən-gwàaจะjàนำไปใช้งานnam-bpai-chái-ngaanตามที่dtaam-tîiตั้งใจdtâng-jai
Cutting logs into sections of the specified length requires allowing for the wood lost to the saw cut; otherwise, the resulting sections may be too short for their intended use.
หากhàakวางแผนwaang-pɛ̌ɛnการทอนgaan-tɔɔnไม้máaiโดยdooiคำนึงkam-nʉngถึงขนาดtʉ̌ng-kà-nàatชิ้นงานchín-ngaanและlɛ́ตำหนิdtam-nìของkɔ̌ɔngเนื้อไม้nʉ́ʉa-máaiตั้งแต่ต้นdtâng-dtɛ̀ɛ-dtônก็gɔ̂จะjàลดlótเศษเหลือsèet-lʉ̌ʉaได้dâaiมากกว่าmâak-gwàaการตัดgaan-dtàtเป็นbpenท่อนtɔ̂nยาวyaaoเท่ากันtâo-ganทั้งหมดtáng-mòt
Planning how to cut wood into sections with the workpiece dimensions and defects in mind from the outset produces less waste than cutting everything into equal lengths.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ร, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
gaan
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
ทอนtɔɔnทอนtɔɔn1[to] give change (money)2[to] subtract; deduct3[to] trim; shorten; reduce4[to] reduce a fraction[to] give change (money)Part 2
การทอนgaan-tɔɔnการทอนgaan-tɔɔngiving changegiving changeWord