สั้น
sânMeanings
1AdjectiveA1
short (length)
Not long in physical length.
Examples
ดินสอdin-sɔ̌ɔดินสอdin-sɔ̌ɔ1pencil2classifier: แท่งนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)สั้นsânสั้นsân1short (length)2short (time; brief)3conciseมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerousจับjàpจับjàp1[to] hold; grasp2[to] touch; feel3[to] catch; seize; capture4[to] arrest5[to] detect; pick up; sense6[to] attack; come on (of fever)เขียนkǐianเขียนkǐian1[to] write2[to] draw; sketch3[to] fill out; write in4[to] compose; author5[to] write (data); burn (a disc)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ถนัดtà-nàtถนัดtà-nàt1dominant (hand/side)2skilled; proficient; adept3[to] be comfortable with; prefer using
This pencil is very short; it's hard to hold and write.
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His hair is shorter than mine.
These pants are too short; they show the ankles.
ต้นไม้dtôn-máaiกระถางgrà-tǎangนี้níiยังyangสั้นsânอยู่yùuต้องdtɔ̂ngรอrɔɔให้hâiโตdtooอีกหน่อยìik-nɔ̀i
This potted tree is still short; we need to wait for it to grow a bit more.
2AdjectiveA1
short (time; brief)
lasting for a small amount of time; brief
Examples
การประชุมgaan-bprà-chumการประชุมgaan-bprà-chum1meeting; conference; assembly2session/sitting (of a formal body)วันนี้wan-níiวันนี้wan-níi1today (time of speech)2today; this day3nowadays; at presentสั้นsânสั้นsân1short (length)2short (time; brief)3conciseมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
Today’s meeting is very brief.
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This lesson is short and easy to understand.
The break will be brief—only fifteen minutes.
Our preparation time was too short, so we couldn't rehearse in time.
งบประมาณngóp-bprà-maanมีmiiไม่พอmâi-pɔɔจนjonต้องdtɔ̂ngตัดdtàtกิจกรรมgìt-jà-gamบางส่วนbaang-sùuanออกɔ̀ɔk
The budget is insufficient, so we have to cut some activities.
กำหนดgam-nòtเส้นตายsên-dtaaiที่tîiสั้นsânเกินไปgəən-bpaiทำให้tam-hâiคุณภาพkun-ná-pâapงานngaanลดลงlót-longอย่างyàangหลีกเลี่ยงlìik-lîiangไม่ได้mâi-dâai
An overly short deadline inevitably reduces the quality of the work.
ทรัพยากรsáp-pá-yaa-gɔɔnที่tîiมีอยู่mii-yùuนั้นnánสั้นsânเมื่อเทียบกับmʉ̂ʉa-tîiap-gàpความต้องการkwaam-dtɔ̂ng-gaanของkɔ̌ɔngโครงการขนาดใหญ่kroong-gaan-kà-nàat-yài
The available resources are insufficient compared to the needs of a large-scale project.
3AdjectiveB1
concise
expressed in few words; not elaborate
Examples
ช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1[to] help; assist [sb/sth]2please (request marker)3[to] save; rescue [sb]ส่งข้อความsòng-kɔ̂ɔ-kwaamส่งข้อความsòng-kɔ̂ɔ-kwaam[to] send a message; [to] textให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)สั้นsânสั้นsân1short (length)2short (time; brief)3conciseและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ชัดเจนchát-jeenชัดเจนchát-jeen1clear; distinct; obvious2explicit; definite; unambiguous; unequivocal3clearly; explicitly; unambiguouslyหน่อยnɔ̀iหน่อยnɔ̀i1a little; a bit2polite softener (request)นะnáนะná1softener; friendly particle2persuasive/confirming particle
Please make the message short and clear.
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He gave a short answer, but it was very to the point.
สรุปsà-rùpให้hâiสั้นsânแต่dtɛ̀ɛครบถ้วนkróp-tûuanเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiทุกคนtúk-konอ่านเข้าใจàan-kâo-jaiได้dâaiเร็วreo
Summarize it briefly but comprehensively so everyone can quickly understand.
เขียนkǐianอีเมลii-meenให้hâiสั้นsânกระชับgrà-chápและlɛ́หลีกเลี่ยงlìik-lîiangรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatที่tîiไม่จำเป็นmâi-jam-bpen
Write the email short, concise, and avoid unnecessary details.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Falling tone
sân
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
High class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |