ตำหนิ
dtam-nìMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] criticize; reproach; blame
to express disapproval of someone or something; to say they are at fault
Examples
ครูkruuครูkruu1teacher2master; mentor (respectful)3classifier: คน; ท่าน (respectful)ตำหนิdtam-nìตำหนิdtam-nì1[to] criticize; reproach; blame2fault; defect; blemish (esp. mark on an object)เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerสายsǎaiสายsǎai1late (in the day); running late2morning (late morning period)3line; wire; cable4route; line (transport/communication)5classifier for long, flexible things (wires, ropes, necklaces)6informant; spy; secret agent7phone call8string; strap; band9lineage; affiliation; branch10classifier for rivers and streamsบ่อยbɔ̀iบ่อยbɔ̀ioften; frequently
The teacher criticized him because he was often late.
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The manager reproached the team for not following the plan.
เขาkǎoถูกtùukเพื่อนร่วมงานpʉ̂ʉan-rûuam-ngaanตำหนิdtam-nìว่าwâaโทษtôotคนอื่นkon-ʉ̀ʉnแทนที่จะtɛɛn-tîi-jàรับผิดชอบráp-pìt-chɔ̂ɔpเองeeng
He was criticized by colleagues for blaming others instead of taking responsibility.
แม้mɛ́ɛหลายฝ่ายlǎai-fàaiตำหนิdtam-nìการตัดสินใจgaan-dtàt-sǐn-jaiครั้งนี้kráng-níiว่าwâaเร่งรีบrêng-rîipเกินไปgəən-bpaiผู้นำpûu-namก็gɔ̂ยังyangยืนยันyʉʉn-yanตามเดิมdtaam-dəəm
Even though many parties criticized the decision as too hasty, the leader still stood by it.
2NounB2
fault; defect; blemish (esp. mark on an object)
a flaw or imperfection, especially a mark on an object or a minor defect
Examples
เพชรpétเพชรpét1diamond (gemstone)2Phet (personal name)3classifier: เม็ด4hard; unyielding; diamond-like5gem; outstanding person or thing (figurative)เม็ดmétเม็ดmét1grain; bead; pellet2seed; kernel3tablet; pill4drop; raindrop5classifier: small round itemsนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)มีตำหนิmii-dtam-nìมีตำหนิmii-dtam-nìflawed; blemishedเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔiเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔi1a little; slightly2minor; slight; trivial3a small amountที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerขอบkɔ̀ɔpขอบkɔ̀ɔp1edge; rim; border2margin (of a page or surface)3brim (hat or container)4lip (of a container or opening)5borderline; periphery (figurative)แต่ยังdtɛ̀ɛ-yangแต่ยังdtɛ̀ɛ-yangbut still; yetสวยsǔuaiสวยsǔuai1beautiful; pretty2nicely done; fine3beautifully; nicely; neatlyอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remain
This diamond has a small flaw at the edge but is still beautiful.
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ช่างchângบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaพบpópตำหนิdtam-nìบนbonผิวpǐuสีsǐiรถrótตรงdtrongประตูbprà-dtuuด้านหลังdâan-lǎng
The mechanic said there is a blemish on the car’s paint surface at the rear door.
ผู้ซื้อpûu-sʉ́ʉขอส่วนลดkɔ̌ɔ-sùuan-lótเพราะprɔ́สินค้าsǐn-káaมีตำหนิmii-dtam-nìจากjàakโรงงานroong-ngaanตรงตะเข็บdtrong-dtà-kèpด้านในdâan-nai
The buyer asked for a discount because the product had a factory defect at the inner seam.
ภาพพิมพ์pâap-pimชุดchútนี้níiมีตำหนิmii-dtam-nìจากjàakการพิมพ์gaan-pimทำให้tam-hâiเส้นsênบางส่วนbaang-sùuanขาดตอนkàat-dtɔɔn
This set of prints has a printing imperfection, causing some lines to be broken.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ตำหนิ said ตัม-หนิ?
dtam-nì
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableThe vowel ำ hides a final -ม, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dtam
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ตำdtamตำdtam1[to] pound; crush (with mortar/pestle)2[to] pierce; prick; puncture3[to] weave cloth (regional)[to] pound; crush (with mortar/pestle)Part 1
+
ตำหนิdtam-nìตำหนิdtam-nì[to] criticize; reproach; blame[to] criticize; reproach; blameWord