ใย
yaiMeanings
1NounA2
spider silk; cobweb
the thin sticky threads made by spiders; a spider’s web
Examples
แมงมุมmɛɛng-mumแมงมุมmɛɛng-mumspiderขึงkʉ̌ngขึงkʉ̌ng1[to] stretch tight; pull taut2taut; tight (of surface or fabric)ใยyaiใยyai1spider silk; cobweb2fiber; filament; thread3fiber (dietary)4why (archaic/literary)ที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerมุมmumมุมmum1corner2angle3point of view; perspectiveหน้าต่างnâa-dtàangหน้าต่างnâa-dtàang1window2window (computing)
A spider spins a web in the corner of the window.
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This morning the spider web is wet with dew and sparkling.
I walked through the garden and saw a butterfly caught in a spider web.
เขาkăoเตือนdteuuanให้hâiระวังrá-wangเพราะpráwตามdtaamทางเดินtaang dernมีmeeใยแมงมุมyai maeng mumบางbaangๆ-ขวางkwăangอยู่yòo
He warned us to be careful because thin spider webs were strung across the path.
2NounB1
fiber; filament; thread
a thin, thread-like strand from a material or plant; a fine thread
Examples
ชาวบ้านchaao-bâanชาวบ้านchaao-bâan1villagers; locals; rural residents2ordinary people; laypeople; the public3folksy; colloquial; plain (as a modifier)เลี้ยงlíiangเลี้ยงlíiang1[to] raise; bring up2[to] keep (as a pet); rear3[to] feed4[to] support; maintain5[to] host; treatไหมmǎiไหมmǎi1yes–no question particle; or not?2silkเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofเก็บgèpเก็บgèp1to keep; store; put away2to collect; pick up; gather3to tidy up; put in order4to keep back; save5[to] harvest; pick (fruit/flowers)6to charge; take (a fee/payment)7[to] tuck in; gather up (hair/clothes)ใยyaiใยyai1spider silk; cobweb2fiber; filament; thread3fiber (dietary)4why (archaic/literary)มาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerทอtɔɔทอtɔɔ1weave2emit a soft light; glowผ้าไหมpâa-mǎiผ้าไหมpâa-mǎisilk fabric; silk material
Villagers raise silkworms to collect the silk thread for weaving silk cloth.
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ยายyaaiสาธิตsǎa-títวิธีwí-tiiสาวใยsǎao-yaiจากjàakรังrangไหมmǎiแล้วlɛ́ɛoปั่นbpànเป็นbpenเส้นsênยาวyaao
Grandma demonstrated how to reel the silk thread from cocoons and spin it into long strands.
เสื้อผ้าsʉ̂ʉa-pâaที่tîiทำจากtam-jàakใยไหมyai-mǎiแท้tɛ́ɛมีmiiความเงางามkwaam-ngao-ngaamและlɛ́ระบายอากาศrá-baai-aa-gàatได้ดีdâai-dii
Clothing made from genuine silk thread has a sheen and breathes well.
Do you see the tiny fine strand sticking on the leaf?
ช่างchângใช้cháiแหนบnàepคีบkêepใยyaiบางๆbaang baangออกจากòk jàakผ้าpâaอย่างระมัดระวังyàang rá-mát-rá-wang
The tailor used tweezers to carefully pull a fine thread out of the fabric.
มีใยmii-yaiสีขาวsǐi-kǎaoเส้นsênหนึ่งnʉ̀ngขาดkàatออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaจากjàakเชือกฟางchʉ̂ʉak-faangที่tîiเราraoใช้cháiมัดmátกล่องglɔ̀ng
A white fine strand came loose from the raffia rope we used to tie the box.
เมื่อmêuuaซูมsuumใกล้ๆglâi glâiจะjàเห็นhĕnใยyaiละเอียดlá-ìiatจากjàakลำต้นพืชlam dtôn pêutพันกันpan ganอยู่yòoตามdtaamขอบkòpตะกร้าdtà-grâa
When zoomed in, you can see fine strands from the plant stems tangled along the basket’s edge.
กว่าจะgwàa-jàได้dâaiผ้าไหมpâa-mǎiหนึ่งnʉ̀ngผืนpʉ̌ʉnต้องdtɔ̂ngคัดkátรังrangไหมmǎiทีละtii-láรังrangแล้วlɛ́ɛoสาวใยsǎao-yaiอย่างประณีตyàang-bprà-nîitไม่ให้mâi-hâiขาดkàat
To produce a single piece of silk, each cocoon must be selected and the silk thread carefully reeled so it doesn’t break.
3NounB2
fiber (dietary)
indigestible plant material in food that aids digestion
Examples
นักโภชนาการnák poh-chá-naa-gaanนักโภชนาการnák poh-chá-naa-gaannutritionist; dietitian (context-dependent)แนะนำให้náe-nam hâiแนะนำให้náe-nam hâi[to] advise/recommend [sb] to do [sth]; suggest (that...)กินginกินgin1[to] eat2[to] drink (colloquial/with some nouns)3[to] consume; use up4[to] corrode; erode; eat into5[to] take (a bribe); pocketผักผลไม้pàk pŏn-lá-máaiผักผลไม้pàk pŏn-lá-máaivegetables and fruits; produceหลากหลายlàak lăaiหลากหลายlàak lăai1various; diverse; of many kinds2variously; in many waysเพื่อให้pêuua hâiเพื่อให้pêuua hâiso that; in order thatได้dâiได้dâi1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerใยyaiใยyai1spider silk; cobweb2fiber; filament; thread3fiber (dietary)4why (archaic/literary)เพียงพอpiiang porเพียงพอpiiang por1enough; sufficient; adequate2sufficiently; enoughในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)แต่ละdtàe láแต่ละdtàe láeach (item considered separately)วันwanวันwan1day2daytime; daylight3classifier: days
Nutritionists recommend eating a variety of fruits and vegetables to get enough fiber each day.
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ซีเรียลsii-riianชนิดchá-nítนี้níiระบุrá-bùชัดchátว่าwâaมีใยmii-yaiสูงsǔungเหมาะmɔ̀สำหรับsǎm-ràpผู้ที่pûu-tîiท้องผูกtɔ́ɔng-pùukบ่อยbɔ̀i
This cereal clearly states that it is high in fiber, suitable for those who are often constipated.
การเพิ่มgaan-pə̂əmใยyaiจากjàakธัญพืชtan-yá-pʉ̂ʉtเต็มdtemเมล็ดmá-létช่วยให้chûuai-hâiอิ่มนานìm-naanและlɛ́ควบคุมkûuap-kumระดับน้ำตาลในเลือดrá-dàp-nám-dtaan-nai-lʉ̂ʉatได้ดีขึ้นdâai-dii-kʉ̂n
Increasing fiber from whole grains helps you feel full longer and better control blood sugar levels.
หากhàakปรับbpràpอาหารaa-hǎanให้hâiมีใยmii-yaiละลายน้ำlá-laai-náamและlɛ́ใยyaiไม่mâiละลายน้ำlá-laai-náamอย่างyàangสมดุลsǒm-dunระบบขับถ่ายrá-bòp-kàp-tàaiจะjàทำงานtam-ngaanมีประสิทธิภาพmii-bprà-sìt-tí-pâapขึ้นkʉ̂n
If you adjust your diet to balance soluble and insoluble fiber, your digestive system will function more efficiently.
4AdverbC1
why (archaic/literary)
an old or literary word meaning “why,” used to ask for a reason
Examples
ท่านtânท่านtân1you (formal/polite)2he; she (honorific)3sir; madam4honorific title5classifier (polite for persons)โกรธgròotโกรธgròot1angry; mad2[to] be angry (at/with/about)ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)นักnákนักnák1person engaged in [field/activity]; specialist; -er/-ist (prefix)2very; greatly; muchใยyaiใยyai1spider silk; cobweb2fiber; filament; thread3fiber (dietary)4why (archaic/literary)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ตรัสdtràtตรัสdtràt[to] speak/say (royal; Buddha)บอกเหตุbɔ̀ɔk-hèetบอกเหตุbɔ̀ɔk-hèet[to] portend; [to] be an omenผลpǒnผลpǒn1classifier: fruits2result; outcome3benefit; advantageให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)แจ้งjɛ̂ɛngแจ้งjɛ̂ɛng1[to] inform; notify; report2clear; evident; explicit3bright; daylight (literary/formal)แก่ใจgɛ̀ɛ-jaiแก่ใจgɛ̀ɛ-jai1in one's heart; inwardly; full well2heart; inclination; willingness
You are very angry with me; why do you not speak and make the reason clear?
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Why are you in such a rush when the road ahead is still long?
ใยyaiต้องdtɔ̂ngหวาดหวั่นwàat-wànต่อdtɔ̀ɔถ้อยคำtɔ̂ɔi-kamผู้คนpûu-konเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเราraoมีmiiสัตย์sàtต่อdtɔ̀ɔความจริงkwaam-jing
Why should we fear the words of others when we are faithful to the truth?
ยามyaamเงียบงันngîiap-nganใยyaiจิตjìtฉันchǎnจึงjʉngครวญkruuanคิดถึงkít-tʉ̌ngวันวานwan-waanไม่ขาดสายmâi-kàat-sǎai
In moments of silence, why does my mind ceaselessly lament and think of days past?
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableThe vowel ใ hides a final -ย, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
yai
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |