เตือน
dtʉʉanMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] remind
to tell or notify someone so they do not forget to do something
Examples
ช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1[to] help; assist [sb/sth]2please (request marker)3[to] save; rescue [sb]เตือนdtʉʉanเตือนdtʉʉan1[to] remind2[to] warn3[to] caution; admonishฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)โทรหาtoo-hǎaโทรหาtoo-hǎa[to] call/phone [sb]แม่mɛ̂ɛแม่mɛ̂ɛ1mother; mom2form of address for a woman (traditional/familiar)3prefix: female; main; baseตอนเย็นdtɔɔn-yenตอนเย็นdtɔɔn-yen1evening; early evening2in the eveningด้วยdûuaiด้วยdûuai1with; together with2also; too; as well3by; by means of; using4because of; due to5because; since (formal/literary)6request particle; please; too
Please remind me to call my mom in the evening.
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พรุ่งนี้เช้าprûng-níi-cháoเตือนdtʉʉanฉันchǎnด้วยdûuaiนะnáว่าwâaจะต้องjà-dtɔ̂ngเอาaoเอกสารèek-gà-sǎanไปส่งbpai-sòng
Please remind me tomorrow morning that I have to submit the documents.
If I forget the meeting, please send me a message to remind me.
เธอtəəตั้งdtângนาฬิกาnaa-lí-gaaเตือนdtʉʉanไว้wáiหลายlǎaiครั้งkrángเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiพลาดplâatนัดnátแพทย์pɛ̂ɛt
She set multiple reminders so she wouldn’t miss the doctor’s appointment.
2VerbB1
[to] warn
to alert someone to possible danger, risk, or problems
Examples
ป้ายbpâaiป้ายbpâai1sign; signboard2label; tag3classifier for signs/labels4[to] smear; dab; applyริมทางrim-taangริมทางrim-taang1roadside; edge of the road2by the roadsideเตือนdtʉʉanเตือนdtʉʉan1[to] remind2[to] warn3[to] caution; admonishว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeข้างหน้าkâang-nâaข้างหน้าkâang-nâa1ahead; in front2the front; the area ahead3in front of [sb]/[sth]4the future; time aheadมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoโค้งkóongโค้งkóong1curve; bend2[to] curve; bend; arch3curved; bending; arched4[to] bow (upper body)อันตรายan-dtà-raaiอันตรายan-dtà-raai1danger; hazard2dangerous; hazardous
The roadside sign warns that there is a dangerous curve ahead.
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แอปɛ́pพยากรณ์อากาศpá-yaa-gɔɔn-aa-gàatเตือนdtʉʉanให้hâiหลีกเลี่ยงlìik-lîiangพื้นที่pʉ́ʉn-tîiน้ำท่วมnáam-tûuam
The weather app warns to avoid flooded areas.
เจ้าหน้าที่jâao-nâa-tîiเตือนdtʉʉanนักท่องเที่ยวnák-tɔ̂ɔng-tîiaoถึงtʉ̌ngความเสี่ยงkwaam-sìiangของkɔ̌ɔngกระแสน้ำgrà-sɛ̌ɛ-náamเชี่ยวchîiao
Officials warned tourists about the risk of strong currents.
นักวิเคราะห์nák-wí-krɔ́เตือนdtʉʉanว่าwâaหากhàakละเลยlá-ləəiสัญญาณsǎn-yaanผิดปกติpìt-bpòk-gà-dtìอาจàatเกิดgə̀ətปัญหาbpan-hǎaใหญ่yàiตามมาdtaam-maa
Analysts warn that if abnormal signals are ignored, major problems may follow.
3VerbB2
[to] caution; admonish
to advise someone firmly against certain behavior or to be careful
Examples
ครูkruuครูkruu1teacher2master; mentor (respectful)3classifier: คน; ท่าน (respectful)เตือนdtʉʉanเตือนdtʉʉan1[to] remind2[to] warn3[to] caution; admonishนักเรียนnák-riianนักเรียนnák-riianschool student; pupilว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeอย่าyàaอย่าyàadon’t; do not (negative imperative)ลอกlɔ̂ɔkลอกlɔ̂ɔk1[to] peel; flake off2[to] copy; duplicateการบ้านgaan-bâanการบ้านgaan-bâan1homework; school assignment2housework (colloq.)คนอื่นkon-ʉ̀ʉnคนอื่นkon-ʉ̀ʉn1other people; others2someone else; another personเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)การโกงgaan-goongการโกงgaan-goongcheating; fraud; corruption
The teacher warned the students not to copy others’ homework because it’s cheating.
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หมอmɔ̌ɔเตือนdtʉʉanผมpǒmให้hâiระวังrá-wangการgaanกินหวานgin-wǎanเกินไปgəən-bpaiเพราะprɔ́จะjàกระทบgrà-tópสุขภาพsùk-kà-pâap
The doctor advised me firmly to be careful about eating too much sugar because it affects health.
พี่สาวpîi-sǎaoเตือนdtʉʉanน้องnɔ́ɔngด้วยdûuaiน้ำเสียงnáam-sǐiangจริงจังjing-jangว่าwâaอย่าyàaขับรถkàp-rótเร็วreoในเมืองnai-mʉʉang
The older sister warned her sibling in a serious tone not to drive fast in the city.
ผมpǒmต้องdtɔ̂ngเตือนdtʉʉanเธอtəəอย่างชัดเจนyàang-chát-jeenว่าwâaอย่าyàaพูดจาpûut-jaaด้วยdûuaiท่าทีtâa-tiiดูหมิ่นduu-mìnเพราะprɔ́มันmanทำร้ายtam-ráaiความสัมพันธ์kwaam-sǎm-pan
I must firmly advise you not to speak in a contemptuous manner because it harms the relationship.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dtʉʉan
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |