กาก
gàakMeanings
1NounB1
dregs; residue; pulp
solid remains left after extracting or filtering a liquid, such as coffee grounds, fruit pulp, or dregs
Examples
อย่าลืมyàa-lʉʉmอย่าลืมyàa-lʉʉmdon't forget (to...)กรองgrɔɔngกรองgrɔɔng[to] filter; strainกาแฟgaa-fɛɛกาแฟgaa-fɛɛcoffee (drink; beans; plant)นะnáนะná1softener; friendly particle2persuasive/confirming particleเดี๋ยวdǐiaoเดี๋ยวdǐiao1soon; in a moment2for a moment; briefly; one moment3wait! just a moment4otherwise; or else (colloq.)5alternating; now … now …จะมีjà-miiจะมีjà-miithere will be; [to] have (in the future)กากgàakกากgàak1dregs; residue; pulp2scrap; dross; waste material3inferior part; scum (derog.)4lame; crappy (slang, derog.)ติดdtìtติดdtìt1[to] stick; attach; fasten2[to] be stuck; be attached; adhere3[to] catch; pick up (disease/odor/habit)4addicted to; hooked on; attached to5close to; adjacent; touching; contiguous6owing; indebted; behind on payments7busy; occupied; tied up8[to] catch fire; light; start; come on9[to] follow closely; keep close toแก้วgɛ̂ɛoแก้วgɛ̂ɛo1drinking glass2glass (material)3classifier: glasses of drink4crystal; precious gem
Don't forget to filter the coffee, or there will be grounds left in the cup.
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ฉันchănชอบchôpน้ำส้มnám sômแบบbàepมีเนื้อmee néuuaกากgàakนิดnítๆ-เพราะpráwได้dâiรสผลไม้rót pŏn-lá-máaiมากขึ้นmâak kêun
I like orange juice with a bit of pulp because you get more fruit flavor.
หลังlǎngคั้นkánน้ำnáamแตงโมdtɛɛng-mooเราraoเอาaoกากgàakไปbpaiทำtamสมูทsà-mùutตีdtiiเพิ่มpə̂əmใยอาหารyai-aa-hǎan
After juicing the watermelon, we used the pulp to make a smoothie for extra fiber.
แม่ครัวmɛ̂ɛ-kruuaตักdtàkกากgàakน้ำพริกแกงnáam-prík-gɛɛngออกɔ̀ɔkก่อนgɔ̀ɔnเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiน้ำซุปใสnáam-súp-sǎiและlɛ́ไม่mâiขุ่นkùn
The cook removed the curry paste dregs first so the broth would be clear and not cloudy.
2NounB1
scrap; dross; waste material
leftover or low-grade material regarded as of little value, e.g., industrial scrap, slag/dross from smelting, or offcuts
Examples
โรงหล่อroong-lɔ̀ɔโรงหล่อroong-lɔ̀ɔfoundry; casting factoryแยกyɛ̂ɛkแยกyɛ̂ɛk1[to] separate; split; divide2junction; intersection3[to] distinguish; tell apart4separate; distinct; individual5[to] branch offกากgàakกากgàak1dregs; residue; pulp2scrap; dross; waste material3inferior part; scum (derog.)4lame; crappy (slang, derog.)โลหะloo-hàโลหะloo-hàmetalออกจากɔ̀ɔk-jàakออกจากɔ̀ɔk-jàak1[to] leave; exit; depart from2from; out of (after a verb)ชิ้นงานchín-ngaanชิ้นงานchín-ngaan1piece of work; produced item2deliverable; assignment submission3workpiece; part in process4creative piece; artwork/designก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerส่งให้sòng-hâiส่งให้sòng-hâi[to] send [sth] to [sb]; [to] pass [sth] to [sb]ลูกค้าlûuk-káaลูกค้าlûuk-káacustomer; client
The foundry separates metal dross from the pieces before delivering to customers.
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โรงงานroong-ngaanขายkǎaiกากgàakจากjàakการผลิตgaan-pà-lìtให้hâiผู้pûuรับซื้อráp-sʉ́ʉเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaนำไปnam-bpaiรีไซเคิลrii-sai-kəən
The factory sells leftover production scrap to buyers for recycling.
วิศวกรwít-sà-wá-gɔɔnตรวจdtrùuatคุณภาพkun-ná-pâapเหล็กlèkและlɛ́คัดkátกากgàakออกจากɔ̀ɔk-jàakเหล็กlèkเกรดดีgrèet-dii
The engineer checks the quality of the steel and removes the scrap from the good-grade steel.
โครงการkroong-gaanนี้níiตั้งใจdtâng-jaiลดlótกากgàakอุตสาหกรรมùt-sǎa-hà-gamด้วยdûuaiการปรับปรุงgaan-bpràp-bprungกระบวนการgrà-buuan-gaanตัดdtàtและlɛ́คัดkátเศษsèet
This project aims to reduce industrial waste by improving cutting and scrap-sorting processes.
3NounB2
inferior part; scum (derog.)
the worst or most inferior part of something or a group; can be used derogatorily of people or things considered low-quality
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillถูกtùukถูกtùuk1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3to be correct/right4proper; morally right5[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)6passive marker (often adverse)มองว่าmɔɔng-wâaมองว่าmɔɔng-wâa1[to] think/consider (that ...)2[to] regard/see [sb]/[sth] as ...เป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)กากgàakกากgàak1dregs; residue; pulp2scrap; dross; waste material3inferior part; scum (derog.)4lame; crappy (slang, derog.)ของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsทีมtiimทีมtiimteam; groupเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingทำงานtam-ngaanทำงานtam-ngaan1[to] work; do one's job; be on duty2[to] function; operateไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)เป็นระบบbpen-rá-bòpเป็นระบบbpen-rá-bòp1systematic; orderly; well-organized2systematically; methodicallyและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)พัฒนาpát-tá-naaพัฒนาpát-tá-naa1[to] develop; improve2development (process)
He was seen as the worst member of the team because he worked chaotically and didn’t improve.
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รีวิวree wiuบอกว่าbòk wâaรุ่นrûnนี้néeคือkeuกากgàakสุดsùtๆ-เทียบกับtîiap gàpยี่ห้อyêe hâwอื่นèunที่têeคุณภาพดีkun-ná-pâap deeกว่าgwàa
The review said this model is the absolute worst compared to other brands with better quality.
ถ้าtâaเราraoส่งงานsòng ngaanลวกlûuakๆ-แบบนี้bàep néeก็gâwเหมือนกับmĕuuan gàpยอมรับyom rápว่าwâaผลงานpŏn ngaanของเราkŏng raoกากgàakจริงjingๆ-
If we submit such sloppy work, it’s like admitting our work is truly the worst.
การแข่งขันgaan-kɛ̀ng-kǎnปีนี้bpii-níiทีมเจ้าบ้านtiim-jâao-bâanกลับglàpรั้งท้ายráng-táaiจนjonถูกtùukแฟนบอลfɛɛn-bɔnตราdtraaว่าwâaเป็นbpenกากgàakของkɔ̌ɔngลีกlîik
This year, the home team ended up at the bottom and was labeled by fans as the worst in the league.
4AdjectiveB2
lame; crappy (slang, derog.)
very poor in quality, uncool, or worthless (informal slang; can be offensive)
Examples
รองเท้าrɔɔng-táaoรองเท้าrɔɔng-táaoshoe; footwearคู่kûuคู่kûu1pair; couple2classifier for pairs3in pairs; double4[to] pair; matchนั้นnánนั้นnán1that (distal demonstrative)2that one; that thing3(topic-marking or emphatic particle)ใส่sàiใส่sài1[to] put in; [to] add2[to] wear; [to] put on3[to] include; [to] insert (data, settings)4[to] attack; [to] go at (colloq.)วันเดียวwan-diiaoวันเดียวwan-diiaoone dayก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerขาดkàatขาดkàat1[to] lack; be without2[to] be short of; run short of; run out of3[to] be torn; tear; rip4lacking; deficient5[to] be absent; miss (an occurrence)6[to] be cut off; be severedเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉanเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉan1friend2classmate; colleague (peer)3companion; fellowเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceedบ่นbònบ่นbòn1to complain; grumble2to nagว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeแบรนด์brɛɛnแบรนด์brɛɛn1brand (name/trademark)2brand (image/identity)นี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)กากgàakกากgàak1dregs; residue; pulp2scrap; dross; waste material3inferior part; scum (derog.)4lame; crappy (slang, derog.)มากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
Those shoes tore after just one day, so my friend complained that this brand is really trash.
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เกมgeemภาคใหม่pâak-màiนี่nîiภาพpâapสวยsǔuaiแต่dtɛ̀ɛระบบควบคุมrá-bòp-kûuap-kumกากgàakจนjonเล่นlênไม่mâiสนุกsà-nùk
The new game looks good, but the controls are so lousy that it isn't fun to play.
รีวิวrii-wiuบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaหูฟังhǔu-fangรุ่นrûnนี้níiสัญญาณsǎn-yaanหลุดlùtบ่อยbɔ̀iเสียงแตกsǐiang-dtɛ̀ɛkกากgàakเกินgəənราคาraa-kaaไปbpaiมากmâak
Reviews say these earphones frequently lose signal, distort sound, and are far too crappy for the price.
โปรเจกต์bproh-jèkรีบrêepจนjonทีมteemต้องdtôngตัดdtàtมุมmumผลลัพธ์pŏn-lápออกมาòk maaกากgàakทำให้tam hâiภาพลักษณ์pâap-pá-lákบริษัทbò-rí-sàtเสียหายsĭia hăai
The project was rushed so the team cut corners; the result was lousy and harmed the company's image.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ก, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
gàak
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |