อ่อน
ɔ̀ɔnMeanings
1AdjectiveA2
soft; tender
not hard or firm; easy to press, cut, or crush
Examples
ขนมปังkà-nǒm-bpangขนมปังkà-nǒm-bpangbreadยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)อ่อนɔ̀ɔnอ่อนɔ̀ɔn1soft; tender2weak; feeble3mild; light (intensity/taste)4young; immature5inexperienced; unseasoned6gentle; lenient7[to] weaken; soften; depreciateกดgòtกดgòt1[to] press; push down2[to] click; tap (button/key)3[to] suppress; hold downแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)บุ๋มbǔmบุ๋มbǔm1indented; sunken2[to] dent; [to] cave in
The bread is still soft; pressing it leaves a dent.
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This tofu is very soft; you have to scoop it gently.
The old wooden cutting board has become soft, leaving deep marks when chopping vegetables.
The soil after the rain is soft, making it easy to plant trees.
2AdjectiveA2
weak; feeble
not strong; lacking power, vigor, or effectiveness; fragile
Examples
เขาแรงkăo raengอ่อนònอ่อนòn1soft; tender2weak; feeble3mild; light (intensity/taste)4young; immature5inexperienced; unseasoned6gentle; lenient7[to] weaken; soften; depreciateหลังlăngหลังlăng1back (of body)2rear; back (part)3behind; at the back of4after; later than5CL: building; house; structureป่วยbpùaiป่วยbpùai1sick; ill; unwell2[to] be ill; fall sickหลายlăaiหลายlăaimany; severalวันwanวันwan1day2daytime; daylight3classifier: days
He is weak after being sick for many days.
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After a long run, my legs felt so weak that I couldn't stand.
The old wall is weak and breaks easily when hit by strong wind.
ข้อโต้แย้งkɔ̂ɔ-dtôo-yɛ́ɛngของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoอ่อนɔ̀ɔnจนjonโน้มน้าวnóom-náaoคณะกรรมการká-ná-gam-má-gaanไม่ได้mâi-dâai
His argument was too weak to persuade the committee.
3AdjectiveB1
mild; light (intensity/taste)
low in intensity, strength, color, or taste; not strong
Examples
กาแฟgaa-fɛɛกาแฟgaa-fɛɛcoffee (drink; beans; plant)แก้วgɛ̂ɛoแก้วgɛ̂ɛo1drinking glass2glass (material)3classifier: glasses of drink4crystal; precious gemนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)รสrótรสrót1taste; flavor2style; tone; flavor (figurative)อ่อนɔ̀ɔnอ่อนɔ̀ɔn1soft; tender2weak; feeble3mild; light (intensity/taste)4young; immature5inexperienced; unseasoned6gentle; lenient7[to] weaken; soften; depreciateไปหน่อยbpai-nɔ̀iไปหน่อยbpai-nɔ̀i1a little (farther/over); slightly2a bit (too); somewhat excessive
This cup of coffee is a bit too weak in taste.
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แสงsɛ̌ɛngในnaiห้องประชุมhɔ̂ng-bprà-chumค่อนข้างkɔ̂n-kâangอ่อนɔ̀ɔnทำให้tam-hâiมองmɔɔngจอjɔɔไม่ชัดmâi-chát
The light in the meeting room is rather dim, making it hard to see the screen clearly.
The fan’s sound is so faint that it’s barely audible.
สีsĕeของkŏngผนังpà-năngออกโทนòk tohnอ่อนònจึงjeungช่วยchûuaiลดlótความตึงเครียดkwaam dtueng krîiatของkŏngสายตาsăai dtaaเมื่อmêuuaทำงานtam ngaanนานnaanๆ-
The wall color is in a soft tone, which helps reduce eye strain during long work hours.
4AdjectiveB1
young; immature
at an early stage of growth or age; not fully developed
Examples
ต้นกล้าdtôn-glâaต้นกล้าdtôn-glâaseedling; young plantยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)อ่อนɔ̀ɔnอ่อนɔ̀ɔn1soft; tender2weak; feeble3mild; light (intensity/taste)4young; immature5inexperienced; unseasoned6gentle; lenient7[to] weaken; soften; depreciateต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toระวังrá-wangระวังrá-wang1[to] be careful; take care2watch out!; caution!3[to] watch out for; guard againstเวลาwee-laaเวลาwee-laa1time2time; period; occasion3when; at the time (that)4classifier: scheduled occasions; meals; dosesรดน้ำrót-náamรดน้ำrót-náam1[to] water [plants/soil]2[to] pour water in a ritual/blessing (Thai custom)
The seedlings are still young, so be careful when watering.
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The baby bird is still very young, so it must stay close to its mother all the time.
This fruit is still unripe; eating it now won’t be very sweet.
งานวิจัยngaan-wí-jaiยังอยู่yang-yùuในnaiระยะอ่อนrá-yá-ɔ̀ɔnข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunจึงjʉngยังyangไม่mâiเพียงพอpiiang-pɔɔที่จะtîi-jàสรุปผลsà-rùp-pǒn
The research is still at an early stage, so the data is insufficient to draw conclusions.
5AdjectiveB2
inexperienced; unseasoned
having little experience; not yet skilled
Examples
น้องnɔ́ɔngน้องnɔ́ɔng1younger sibling2junior; younger personยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)อ่อนɔ̀ɔnอ่อนɔ̀ɔn1soft; tender2weak; feeble3mild; light (intensity/taste)4young; immature5inexperienced; unseasoned6gentle; lenient7[to] weaken; soften; depreciateในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)งานngaanงานngaan1work; job; employment2task; assignment; duty3event; fair; function4work (product); creation5unit (classifier) for events6work (physics)ภาคสนามpâak-sà-nǎamภาคสนามpâak-sà-nǎam1fieldwork/field setting2in the field (adv./adj.)จึงjʉngจึงjʉng1therefore; so; thus2only then; then (as a result)ต้องมีdtɔ̂ng-miiต้องมีdtɔ̂ng-mii[to] need to have; be required to haveพี่เลี้ยงpîi-líiangพี่เลี้ยงpîi-líiang1nanny; caregiver2mentor; senior advisor3trainer/handler; attendantคอยkɔɔiคอยkɔɔi1[to] wait (for [sb]/[sth])2keep (doing); regularly (do)3[to] be on standby; be readyช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1[to] help; assist [sb/sth]2please (request marker)3[to] save; rescue [sb]
She is still inexperienced in fieldwork, so she needs a mentor to help.
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ผมpǒmยอมรับyɔɔm-rápว่าwâaอ่อนɔ̀ɔnเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangการเจรจาgaan-jee-rá-jaaเลยləəiขอให้kɔ̌ɔ-hâiหัวหน้าhǔua-nâaช่วยchûuaiนำnamประชุมbprà-chum
I admit I'm inexperienced at negotiations, so I asked my boss to lead the meeting.
นักพัฒนาnák pát-tá-naaใหม่màiยังyangอ่อนònด้านdâanการออกแบบgaan òk bàepสถาปัตยกรรมsà-tăa-bpàt-dtà-yá-gamระบบrá-bòpจึงjeungต้องdtôngฝึกfèukกับgàpโปรเจ็กต์bpro-jèkเล็กๆlék lékก่อนgòn
The new developer is still inexperienced in system architecture design, so they need to train on small projects first.
เขาkǎoเก่งgèngเชิงทฤษฎีchəəng-trʉ́-sà-diiมากmâakแต่ยังdtɛ̀ɛ-yangอ่อนɔ̀ɔnในnaiสถานการณ์sà-tǎa-ná-gaanจริงjingที่tîiต้องdtɔ̂ngตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiเร็วreo
He is very strong theoretically but still inexperienced in real situations requiring quick decisions.
6AdjectiveB2
gentle; lenient
showing a soft, mild manner; not strict or harsh
Examples
หัวหน้าhǔua-nâaหัวหน้าhǔua-nâa1boss; supervisor2leader; chiefเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillใจอ่อนjai-ɔ̀ɔnใจอ่อนjai-ɔ̀ɔn1soft-hearted; tender-hearted2[to] relent; give in easily; be easily swayed3weak-willed; easily persuaded (neg.)กับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)6classifier: sets/pairs (spoon and fork)ลูกน้องlûuk-nɔ́ɔngลูกน้องlûuk-nɔ́ɔng1subordinate; junior staff; underling2follower in a gang or groupมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerousเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceedมักจะmák-jàมักจะmák-jà1often; usually (habit/frequency)2tend to; be apt/prone to (general tendency)ให้โอกาสhâi-oo-gàatให้โอกาสhâi-oo-gàat[to] give [sb] a chanceเสมอsà-mə̌əเสมอsà-mə̌ə1always; invariably2constantly; habitually3equal; level; even4[to] draw; [to] tie
His boss is soft-hearted with subordinates, so he often gives them chances.
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ครูkruuคนนี้kon-níiพูดจาpûut-jaaอ่อนโยนɔ̀ɔn-yoonไม่mâiดุdùทำให้tam-hâiนักเรียนnák-riianกล้าglâaถามtǎamคำถามkam-tǎam
This teacher speaks gently and is not strict, which makes students feel comfortable asking questions.
ผู้จัดการpûu-jàt-gaanมีmiiท่าทีtâa-tiiอ่อนลงɔ̀ɔn-longในnaiที่ประชุมtîi-bprà-chumเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเปิดbpə̀ətพื้นที่pʉ́ʉn-tîiให้hâiทุกคนtúk-konแสดงความคิดเห็นsà-dɛɛng-kwaam-kít-hěn
The manager adopted a softer manner in the meeting to create space for everyone to share opinions.
แม้máeจะjàต่อรองdtò rongหนักnàkแต่dtàeสุดท้ายsùt táaiเขาkăoก็gâwใช้cháiน้ำเสียงnám sĭiangอ่อนònๆ-เพื่อpêuuaคลี่คลายklêe klaaiบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatตึงเครียดdteung krîat
Even after tough negotiations, he ultimately used a gentle tone to ease the tense atmosphere.
7VerbB2
[to] weaken; soften; depreciate
to become weaker or softer; (of prices/values, e.g., currency) to fall
Examples
ช่วงบ่ายchûuang-bàaiช่วงบ่ายchûuang-bàaiafternoonค่าเงินkâa-ngənค่าเงินkâa-ngən1exchange rate2currency strength/value3purchasing power of moneyเริ่มrə̂əmเริ่มrə̂əm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toอ่อนɔ̀ɔnอ่อนɔ̀ɔn1soft; tender2weak; feeble3mild; light (intensity/taste)4young; immature5inexperienced; unseasoned6gentle; lenient7[to] weaken; soften; depreciateเมื่อเทียบกับmʉ̂ʉa-tîiap-gàpเมื่อเทียบกับmʉ̂ʉa-tîiap-gàpcompared to [sth]; in comparison with [sth]ดอลลาร์dɔn-lâaดอลลาร์dɔn-lâadollar (currency unit)
In the afternoon the currency began to weaken against the dollar.
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หลังlǎngป่วยbpùuaiหลายlǎaiวันwanร่างกายrâang-gaaiผมpǒmอ่อนลงɔ̀ɔn-longเหนื่อยง่ายnʉ̀ʉai-ngâaiกว่าปกติgwàa-bpòk-gà-dtì
After being ill for several days, my body became weaker and I got tired more easily.
สัญญาณsǎn-yaanหุ้นhûnอ่อนɔ̀ɔnต่อเนื่องdtɔ̀ɔ-nʉ̂ʉangนักลงทุนnák-long-tunจึงjʉngลดlótความเสี่ยงkwaam-sìiangและlɛ́ถือtʉ̌ʉเงินสดngən-sòtมากขึ้นmâak-kʉ̂n
Stock signals continued to soften, so investors reduced risk and held more cash.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaแรงrɛɛngซื้อsʉ́ʉจากjàakต่างชาติdtàang-châatหายไปhǎai-bpaiค่าเงินบาทkâa-ngən-bàatก็gɔ̂อ่อนลงɔ̀ɔn-longทันทีtan-tiiสะท้อนsà-tɔ́ɔnความกังวลkwaam-gang-wonของkɔ̌ɔngตลาดdtà-làat
When foreign buying disappeared, the baht weakened immediately, reflecting the market’s concerns.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
ɔ̀ɔn
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |