กั๊ก
gákMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] hold back; withhold; be stingy
To keep [sth] back instead of giving or using it fully; to withhold; to be stingy with it.
Examples
เจ้านายกั๊กjâo-naai-gákเจ้านายกั๊กjâo-naai-gákwithholding/hedging bossโบนัสboo-nátโบนัสboo-nát1bonus (extra pay/reward)2bonus (extra benefit/perk)ไว้wáiไว้wái1[to] keep; save; store2[to] set aside; reserve3for later; in reserve4[to] leave (something) as is5marks retention or maintenance of a state6[to] wear; sport (hair/moustache/etc.)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ยอมyɔɔmยอมyɔɔm1[to] agree; consent2[to] allow; permit3[to] yield; give in; submit4[to] admit (acknowledge)จ่ายjàaiจ่ายjàai1[to] pay2[to] disburse; distribute (funds/resources)3[to] spend (money)เต็มdtemเต็มdtem1full; filled2complete; entire; full (amount)3[to] be full4fully; completely; to the fullตามที่dtaam-tîiตามที่dtaam-tîi1as; just as; in the way that2according to; as perสัญญาsǎn-yaaสัญญาsǎn-yaa1promise; vow; pledge2[to] promise; pledge; vow3contract; agreement4[to] contract (legally)5perception (Buddhism)
The boss held back the bonus and didn’t pay the full amount as promised.
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อย่าyàaกั๊กgákข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunเลยləəiบอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâiหมดmòtจะได้jà-dâaiทำงานtam-ngaanต่อdtɔ̀ɔได้dâaiเร็วreo
Don’t withhold information; tell us everything so we can proceed quickly.
ร้านนี้ráan-níiชอบกั๊กchɔ̂ɔp-gákวัตถุดิบwát-tù-dìpใส่sàiเนื้อnʉ́ʉaน้อยnɔ́ɔiจนjonลูกค้าlûuk-káaบ่นbònกันganทั้งtángเมืองmʉʉang
This shop tends to hold back on ingredients, putting so little meat that customers across town complain.
นักพูดnák-pûutกั๊กgákรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatสำคัญsǎm-kanไว้wáiทำให้tam-hâiผู้ฟังpûu-fangตัดสินใจไม่ได้dtàt-sǐn-jai-mâi-dâaiอย่างyàangมั่นใจmân-jai
The speaker withheld crucial details, making the audience unable to decide confidently.
2AdjectiveB2
stingy; withholding
Reluctant to give, share, or commit fully; keeping something in reserve.
Examples
อย่าyàaอย่าyàadon’t; do not (negative imperative)กั๊กgákกั๊กgák1[to] hold back; withhold; be stingy2stingy; withholding3[to] hedge; be noncommittalไอเดียai-diiaไอเดียai-diiaidea; thoughtเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceedบอกbɔ̀ɔkบอกbɔ̀ɔk1[to] tell; inform2[to] tell; instruct; ask [sb] to do [sth]3[to] indicate; showมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerทั้งหมดtáng-mòtทั้งหมดtáng-mòt1all; entire; whole2all; in total; completely3the whole; everythingเถอะtə̀เถอะtə̀1suggestion/encouragement particle2prompting/permission particle3resignation/emphasis particle
Don’t hold back your ideas; just share them all.
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He’s still keeping some budget in reserve and won’t fully commit to this project.
นักเขียนnák kĭianเหมือนmĕuuanกั๊กgákเนื้อหาnéuua hăaดีdeeๆ-ไว้wáiหลายlăaiส่วนsùuanทำให้tam hâiนิยายní-yaaiยังyangไม่mâiสุดsùtเท่าที่ควรtâo têe kuuan
The author seems to be holding back many good parts, making the novel less complete than it could be.
ถ้าtâaทีมtiimบริหารbɔɔ-rí-hǎanถูกtùukมองว่าmɔɔng-wâaกั๊กgákข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunนักลงทุนnák-long-tunก็gɔ̂จะjàลังเลlang-leeและlɛ́ไม่mâiกล้าglâaตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jai
If management is seen as withholding information, investors will hesitate and avoid making decisions.
3VerbC1
[to] hedge; be noncommittal
To avoid a clear answer or full commitment; to be evasive or sit on the fence.
Examples
ผู้สมัครpôo sà-màkผู้สมัครpôo sà-màk1applicant; registrant2candidate (esp. election)3contestant; entrantตอบdtòpตอบdtòp1[to] answer; reply2[to] respond; react3sunken; hollow (of cheeks/abdomen)กั๊กgákกั๊กgák1[to] hold back; withhold; be stingy2stingy; withholding3[to] hedge; be noncommittalๆ-ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ยอมyomยอมyom1[to] agree; consent2[to] allow; permit3[to] yield; give in; submit4[to] admit (acknowledge)บอกbòkบอกbòk1[to] tell; inform2[to] tell; instruct; ask [sb] to do [sth]3[to] indicate; showจุดยืนjùt yeunจุดยืนjùt yeun1standpoint; stance2position; standing place (literal)เรื่องrêuuangเรื่องrêuuang1matter; issue; subject2story; tale3classifier for stories/films/cases4about; regarding (as a topic marker)นโยบายná-yoh-baaiนโยบายná-yoh-baaipolicy; plan of actionภาษีpaa-sĕeภาษีpaa-sĕe1tax2duty; tariffให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)ชัดchátชัดchát1clear; sharp (visible/audible)2clear; definite3clearly
The candidate gave evasive answers and wouldn’t state a clear position on tax policy.
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เขาkǎoกั๊กgákคำตอบkam-dtɔ̀ɔpตลอดdtà-lɔ̀ɔtเหมือนmʉ̌ʉanพยายามpá-yaa-yaamเลี่ยงlîiangการgaanรับผิดชอบráp-pìt-chɔ̂ɔpต่อdtɔ̀ɔข้อเสนอkɔ̂ɔ-sà-nə̌əของkɔ̌ɔngทีมtiim
He kept hedging his answers, as if trying to avoid taking responsibility for the team’s proposal.
ผู้บริหารpûu-bɔɔ-rí-hǎanพูดกั๊กpûut-gákจนjonฟังfangไม่mâiออɔɔกว่าจะgwàa-jàเดินหน้าdəən-nâaหรือrʉ̌ʉถอยtɔ̌ɔiทำให้tam-hâiพนักงานpá-nák-ngaanตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiวางแผนwaang-pɛ̌ɛnต่อdtɔ̀ɔไม่ได้mâi-dâai
The executive was so noncommittal that no one could tell whether to move forward or back, leaving employees unable to plan.
นักการเมืองnák gaan-meuuangตอบdtòpแบบbàepกั๊กgákๆ-เลี่ยงlîangคำถามkam tăamแกนกลางgaen glaangอย่างyàangช่ำชองchâm-chongเพื่อไม่ให้pêuua mâi hâiเสียsĭiaฐานเสียงtăan sĭiangฝ่ายfàaiใดdai
The politician answered evasively, deftly sidestepping the core question so as not to alienate any voter base.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai tri
- Syllable endingDead syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
High tone
gák
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Mid class + Mai tri → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |