ถอย
tɔ̌ɔiMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] move back; back up; retreat
to go backward, step back, or retreat; to reverse a vehicle
Examples
ขยับkà-yàpขยับkà-yàp1[to] move slightly; shift2[to] advance slightly; move up3[to] adjust; tweakรถrótรถrót1vehicle (general)2car; automobileหน่อยnòiหน่อยnòi1a little; a bit2polite softener (request)แล้วláeoแล้วláeo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ถอยtŏiถอยtŏi1[to] move back; back up; retreat2[to] withdraw; back out; back down3[to] decline; regress; deteriorateช้าcháaช้าcháa1slow2slowly3late; delayed4[to] be slow; be lateๆ-นะnáนะná1softener; friendly particle2persuasive/confirming particle
Move the car a bit, then reverse slowly.
3 more examplesShow less
I just reversed the car into the curb because the angle was very tight.
ตำรวจdtam-rùuatโบกbòokให้hâiผมpǒmถอยtɔ̌ɔiออกจากɔ̀ɔk-jàakซอยsɔɔiก่อนgɔ̀ɔnแล้วlɛ́ɛoค่อยkɔ̂iเลี้ยวlíiaoเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiกีดขวางgìit-kwǎangทางหลักtaang-làk
The police signaled me to back out of the alley first, then turn, so as not to block the main road.
2VerbB1
[to] withdraw; back out; back down
to stop pursuing a plan, agreement, confrontation, or commitment; to withdraw one's involvement or opposition
Examples
ถ้าtâaถ้าtâaif; in caseเงื่อนไขngʉ̂ʉan-kǎiเงื่อนไขngʉ̂ʉan-kǎi1condition; requirement2terms; provisions3constraint; limitationไม่ชัดเจนmâi-chát-jeenไม่ชัดเจนmâi-chát-jeenunclear; vagueฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ขอถอยkɔ̌ɔ-tɔ̌ɔiขอถอยkɔ̌ɔ-tɔ̌ɔi1[to] ask to reverse/back up2[to] bow out; withdraw (polite)จากjàakจากjàak1from; away from2[to] leave; depart; part from3nipa palmดีลdiinดีลdiin1deal (agreement; transaction)2[to] make a deal; negotiate; finalizeนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)นะnáนะná1softener; friendly particle2persuasive/confirming particle
If the terms aren’t clear, I’m going to back out of this deal.
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บริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiถอยtɔ̌ɔiจากjàakแผนpɛ̌ɛnเปิดbpə̀ətสาขาsǎa-kǎaใหม่màiเพราะprɔ́งบngópไม่พอmâi-pɔɔ
The company decided to back out of the plan to open a new branch due to insufficient budget.
เขาkǎoขอถอยkɔ̌ɔ-tɔ̌ɔiจากjàakการgaanเซ็นสัญญาsen-sǎn-yaaหลังlǎngตรวจพบdtrùuat-pópข้อกำหนดkɔ̂ɔ-gam-nòtที่tîiไม่เป็นธรรมmâi-bpen-tam
He asked to withdraw from signing the contract after finding unfair terms.
นักการเมืองnák-gaan-mʉʉangประกาศbprà-gàatถอยtɔ̌ɔiจากjàakข้อตกลงkɔ̂ɔ-dtòk-longร่วมrûuamรัฐบาลrát-tà-baanเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเงื่อนไขngʉ̂ʉan-kǎiที่tîiตกลงกันdtòk-long-ganไว้wáiถูกtùukเปลี่ยนbplìian
The politician announced withdrawing from the coalition agreement when the agreed conditions were changed.
3VerbB2
[to] decline; regress; deteriorate
to become worse or go down in level, quality, status, or progress; to fall behind
Examples
ผลงานpǒn-ngaanผลงานpǒn-ngaan1work; output; result2achievementของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsทีมtiimทีมtiimteam; groupเริ่มrə̂əmเริ่มrə̂əm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toถอยหลังtɔ̌ɔi-lǎngถอยหลังtɔ̌ɔi-lǎng1[to] move backward; reverse; retreat2backward(s); in reverse3[to] regress; backslideจากjàakจากjàak1from; away from2[to] leave; depart; part from3nipa palmโค้ชkóotโค้ชkóot1coach; trainer2[to] coach; [to] trainเก่าgàoเก่าgào1old; not new2former; previous3old-fashioned; outdatedลาออกlaa-ɔ̀ɔkลาออกlaa-ɔ̀ɔk[to] resign; quit; withdraw
The team’s performance started to decline after the former coach resigned.
3 more examplesShow less
Sales have been steadily declining because the economy is slowing down.
มาตรฐานmâat-dtrà-tǎanการเรียนรู้gaan-riian-rúuของkɔ̌ɔngเด็กdèkถอยtɔ̌ɔiลงlongเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaโรงเรียนroong-riianต้องdtɔ̂ngปิดbpìtบ่อยครั้งbɔ̀i-kráng
Children’s learning standards have fallen when schools had to close frequently.
ชื่อเสียงchʉ̂ʉ-sǐiangของkɔ̌ɔngบริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtถอยtɔ̌ɔiจนjonเสียsǐiaความเชื่อมั่นkwaam-chʉ̂ʉa-mânหลังlǎngเกิดgə̀ətกรณีgɔɔ-rá-niiอื้อฉาวʉ̂ʉ-chǎao
The company’s reputation declined to the point of losing trust after the scandal.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ย, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
tɔ̌ɔi
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |