หยาบ
yàapMeanings
1AdjectiveA2
coarse; rough (texture)
having a rough, uneven, or gritty surface
Examples
กระดาษทรายgrà-dàat-saaiกระดาษทรายgrà-dàat-saaisandpaper; abrasive paperนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)หยาบyàapหยาบyàap1coarse; rough (texture)2rude; vulgar (language/behavior)3coarse; crude (not fine or exact)4crude; unrefined (quality/finish)มากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
This sandpaper is very rough.
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พื้นถนนpʉ́ʉn-tà-nǒnตรงหน้าdtrong-nâaบ้านbâanหยาบyàapและlɛ́เป็นbpenหลุมlǔmทำให้tam-hâiเดินdəənลำบากlam-bàak
The road surface in front of the house is rough and bumpy, making it hard to walk.
ถ้าtâaทาสีtaa-sǐiบนbonไม้máaiที่tîiยังyangหยาบyàapอยู่yùuสีsǐiจะjàไม่เรียบmâi-rîiapและlɛ́ติดdtìtไม่mâiเสมอกันsà-mə̌ə-gan
If you paint on wood that is still rough, the paint won’t be smooth and won’t adhere evenly.
2AdjectiveB1
rude; vulgar (language/behavior)
impolite, offensive, or obscene in speech or manner
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillพูดpôotพูดpôot1[to] speak; talk2[to] say; speak3[to] tell; talk aboutคำหยาบkam yàapคำหยาบkam yàap1swear word; vulgar word2vulgar language; profanityในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ห้องเรียนhông riianห้องเรียนhông riianclassroomทำให้tam hâiทำให้tam hâi1[to] make; cause [sb/sth] to [do/be sth]; render2[to] do/make [sth] for [sb]เพื่อนๆpêuuan pêuuanเพื่อนๆpêuuan pêuuanfriends (plural)ไม่สบายใจmâi sà-baai jaiไม่สบายใจmâi sà-baai jai1uneasy; worried; troubled2[to] feel uneasy/worried (about [sth])
He used rude words in the classroom, which made his classmates uncomfortable.
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พนักงานpá-nák-ngaanคนkonนั้นnánตอบdtɔ̀ɔpลูกค้าlûuk-káaด้วยdûuaiน้ำเสียงnáam-sǐiangหยาบyàapจนjonผู้จัดการpûu-jàt-gaanต้องdtɔ̂ngเข้ามาkâo-maaขอโทษkɔ̌ɔ-tôot
That employee replied to the customer in a rude tone, so the manager had to apologize.
คอมเมนต์kɔm-ménหยาบคายyàap-kaaiในnaiโซเชียลsoo-chiianมีผลmii-pǒnทำร้ายจิตใจtam-ráai-jìt-jaiคนอ่านkon-àanอย่างมากyàang-mâak
Rude comments on social media can seriously hurt readers’ feelings.
รายการraai-gaanนี้níiถูกtùukวิจารณ์wí-jaanว่าwâaใช้cháiมุกmúkหยาบyàapและlɛ́ดูหมิ่นduu-mìnผู้อื่นpûu-ʉ̀ʉnซึ่งsʉ̂ngไม่mâiเหมาะกับmɔ̀-gàpเวลาwee-laaออกอากาศɔ̀ɔk-aa-gàat
This show was criticized for using crude, offensive jokes that were inappropriate for its airtime.
3AdjectiveB1
coarse; crude (not fine or exact)
not fine or exact; given only in a general way (e.g., a rough estimate)
Examples
ผมpŏmผมpŏm1I; me (male speaker, polite)2hair (on the head)ให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)ตัวเลขdtuua lêkตัวเลขdtuua lêk1digit; numeral character2numeral; written number3figures; numerical dataหยาบyàapหยาบyàap1coarse; rough (texture)2rude; vulgar (language/behavior)3coarse; crude (not fine or exact)4crude; unrefined (quality/finish)ๆ-ก่อนนะgòn náก่อนนะgòn náfirst (polite); used on leaving ('I'll go first')ประมาณbprà-maanประมาณbprà-maan1approximately; about2[to] estimate; approximate3estimate (noun)4moderate; reasonable (literary)ห้าhâaห้าhâafive (number)พันpanพันpan1thousand (1,000)2thousand (modifier)3[to] wrap; wind; coil; bandage4[to be] involved; entangled; implicatedบาทbàatบาทbàat1baht (Thai currency unit)2baht (classifier for Thai currency amounts)3foot (literary)
I'll give a rough figure first, about five thousand baht.
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ครูkruuบอกให้bòk hâiทำtamแผนpăenหยาบyàapๆ-ของkŏngโครงงานkrohng ngaanก่อนgònแล้วláeoค่อยkôiลงรายละเอียดlong raai-lá-ìiatทีหลังtee lăng
The teacher told us to make a rough plan of the project first and add details later.
ถ้าtâaประเมินbprà-mernหยาบyàapๆ-ต้นทุนdtôn tunต่อdtòชิ้นchínน่าจะnâa jàอยู่yòoแถวtăeoๆ-ยี่สิบyêe sìpบาทbàat
If we make a rough estimate, the cost per unit should be around twenty baht.
ตอนนี้dton néeมีmeeแค่kâeตัวเลขdtuua lêkคร่าวkrâaoๆ-เพื่อpêuuaวางwaangทิศทางtít taangยังyangไม่mâiใช่châiข้อมูลkôr moonที่têeแม่นยำmâen yam
For now we only have rough numbers to set the direction; it's not precise data yet.
4AdjectiveB2
crude; unrefined (quality/finish)
lacking fineness, polish, or sophistication; not delicate
Examples
งานเขียนngaan-kǐianงานเขียนngaan-kǐian1a written work; piece of writing2an author's writings; body of workของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎohis; hers; theirsยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)ดูduuดูduu1[to] look; watch; see2[to] examine; check; inspect3[to] seem; appear4try; have a go5[to] divine; tell fortuneหยาบyàapหยาบyàap1coarse; rough (texture)2rude; vulgar (language/behavior)3coarse; crude (not fine or exact)4crude; unrefined (quality/finish)ขาดkàatขาดkàat1[to] lack; be without2[to] be short of; run short of; run out of3[to] be torn; tear; rip4lacking; deficient5[to] be absent; miss (an occurrence)6[to] be cut off; be severedความประณีตkwaam-bprà-nîitความประณีตkwaam-bprà-nîit1meticulousness; fine precision2refinement; delicacy (craft or style)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)รายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatdetail; details
His writing still looks crude, lacking refinement and detail.
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สุนทรพจน์sǔn-torn-pótนี้néeฟังfangแล้วláeoหยาบyàapไปหน่อยbpai nòiไม่ค่อยmâi kôiมีชั้นเชิงmee chán cherng
This speech sounds rather crude and lacks sophistication.
การตัดต่อgaan-dtàt-dtɔ̀ɔหนังnǎngค่อนข้างkɔ̂n-kâangหยาบyàapเห็นhěnรอยต่อrɔɔi-dtɔ̀ɔชัดchátและlɛ́จังหวะjang-wàไม่mâiนุ่มนวลnûm-nuuan
The film editing is rather crude, with visible cuts and an ungraceful rhythm.
การออกแบบgaan-ɔ̀ɔk-bɛ̀ɛpยังyangหยาบyàapไม่มีmâi-miiความkwaamละเมียดlá-mîiatหรือrʉ̌ʉความกลมกลืนkwaam-glom-glʉʉnของkɔ̌ɔngองค์ประกอบong-bprà-gɔ̀ɔp
The design is still crude, lacking delicacy or harmony of elements.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh classLeading หA silent ห before ย puts this syllable in high class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -บ, a stop, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
yàap
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |