ความ
kwaamMeanings
1NounB1
abstract noun prefix
prefix forming abstract nouns from adjectives or stative verbs (e.g., ความสุขความสุขkwaam-sùk1happiness; contentment2pleasure; enjoyment3well-being ‘happiness’, ความสวยความสวยkwaam-sǔuaibeauty ‘beauty’).
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ตามหาdtaam-hǎaตามหาdtaam-hǎa[to] look for; search for; seek; track downความสุขkwaam-sùkความสุขkwaam-sùk1happiness; contentment2pleasure; enjoyment3well-beingแบบbɛ̀ɛpแบบbɛ̀ɛp1style; type; kind; manner2model; pattern; design; template3form; questionnaire4in a ... way; -ly (pre-head adverbial marker)เรียบง่ายrîiap-ngâaiเรียบง่ายrîiap-ngâai1simple; plain2modest; unpretentiousในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ทุกวันtúk-wanทุกวันtúk-wan1every day; daily2daily; occurring every day
I seek simple happiness every day.
3 more examplesShow less
Nature's beauty makes me feel calm.
He spoke with confidence to the point that everyone listened.
เป้าหมายbpâo-mǎaiของkɔ̌ɔngเธอtəəคือkʉʉสร้างsâangความยั่งยืนkwaam-yâng-yʉʉnให้hâiธุรกิจtú-rá-gìtในnaiระยะยาวrá-yá-yaao
Her goal is to create sustainability for the business in the long term.
2NounB2
matter; case; content
A matter or affair, especially a legal case; also the substance or content of what is said or written.
Examples
ศาลsǎanศาลsǎan1court (of law)2shrine; spirit houseกำลังgam-langกำลังgam-lang1currently; in the middle of2power; strength3power (physics)4troops; forcesพิจารณาpí-jaa-rá-naaพิจารณาpí-jaa-rá-naa1[to] consider; examine; deliberate2[to] hear; examine (a case)ความผิดkwaam-pìtความผิดkwaam-pìt1fault; blame; guilt2offense; violation (legal)ของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsผู้ต้องหาpûu-dtɔ̂ng-hǎaผู้ต้องหาpûu-dtɔ̂ng-hǎasuspect; accused person (criminal case)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)คดีká-diiคดีká-diilegal case; lawsuitนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)
The court is considering the offense of the suspect in this case.
3 more examplesShow less
The journalist verifies the facts before publishing the news.
คณะกรรมการká-ná-gam-má-gaanเน้นย้ำnén-yámเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangความโปร่งใสkwaam-bpròong-sǎiในnaiการจัดซื้อจัดจ้างgaan-jàt-sʉ́ʉ-jàt-jâangของkɔ̌ɔngหน่วยงานรัฐnùuai-ngaan-rát
The committee emphasizes transparency in government procurement.
ทนายtá-naaiยื่นอุทธรณ์yʉ̂ʉn-ùt-tɔɔnโดยdooiอ้างâangความkwaamไม่mâiชอบด้วยกฎหมายchɔ̂ɔp-dûuai-gòt-mǎaiของkɔ̌ɔngคำสั่งkam-sàngเดิมdəəm
The lawyer filed an appeal, citing the illegality of the original order.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow classConsonant clusterIn the cluster คว, the first consonant ค sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ม, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
kwaam
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |