ย่อ
yɔ̂ɔMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] condense; abridge
to make text or content shorter while retaining key points
Examples
ครูkruuครูkruu1teacher2master; mentor (respectful)3classifier: คน; ท่าน (respectful)บอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâiบอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâi[to] tell [sb] to [do sth]ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ย่อyɔ̂ɔย่อyɔ̂ɔ1[to] condense; abridge2[to] abbreviate3[to] minimize; shrink4condensed; abbreviatedบทความbòt-kwaamบทความbòt-kwaamarticle; essayให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)สั้นsânสั้นsân1short (length)2short (time; brief)3conciseลงlongลงlong1[to] go down; descend2[to] get off (vehicle)3down; downstream4[to] put; apply; record5[to] decrease; go down6[to] land; alight7southward; down-country8[to] publish; post [sth] onlineแต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)คงkongคงkong1probably; likely2still; unchanged3[to] remain; stay unchanged4lasting; enduring5firm; steady; stable6[to] keep; retain; preserve7corn; maize (Southern Thai)ใจความjai-kwaamใจความjai-kwaammain idea; gistเดิมdəəmเดิมdəəm1original; initial2former; previous3as before; originally; same as before
The teacher told me to shorten the article while keeping the original key points.
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เวลาwee-laaเขียนkǐianรายงานraai-ngaanฉันchǎnมักจะmák-jàย่อย่อyɔ̂ɔ-yɔ̂ɔหน้าที่nâa-tîiยาวyaaoเกินไปgəən-bpaiให้hâiสั้นsânลงlongโดยdooiคงkongสาระสำคัญsǎa-rá-sǎm-kanไว้wái
When writing reports, I often shorten overly long paragraphs while keeping the key points.
โปรดbpròotช่วยchûuaiย่อสไลด์yɔ̂ɔ-sà-laiนี้níiให้hâiเหลือlʉ̌ʉaเฉพาะchà-pɔ́ประเด็นหลักbprà-den-làkที่tîiผู้บริหารpûu-bɔɔ-rí-hǎanต้องdtɔ̂ngรู้rúu
Please help condense this slide to only the main points that the executives need to know.
นักเขียนnák-kǐianต้องdtɔ̂ngย่อyɔ̂ɔเนื้อหาnʉ́ʉa-hǎaเชิงchəəngเทคนิคték-nìkให้hâiกระชับgrà-chápโดยdooiตัดdtàtรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatที่tîiซ้ำซ้อนsám-sɔ́ɔnแต่dtɛ̀ɛรักษาrák-sǎaแก่นสารgɛ̀n-sǎan
The writer must compress the technical content by removing redundancies while preserving the core message.
2VerbB1
[to] abbreviate
to shorten a word, phrase, or name to a briefer form
Examples
ชื่อchʉ̂ʉชื่อchʉ̂ʉ1name2[to] be named; be called3reputation; renownยาวyaaoยาวyaao1long (length)2long (duration)3[to] grow long; become longerไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already past5too; excessivelyไหมmǎiไหมmǎi1yes–no question particle; or not?2silkเราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)ย่อyɔ̂ɔย่อyɔ̂ɔ1[to] condense; abridge2[to] abbreviate3[to] minimize; shrink4condensed; abbreviatedได้ไหมdâai-mǎiได้ไหมdâai-mǎi1is it possible/allowed?; OK?2could you ... ? (request softener)เช่นchênเช่นchên1for example; such as2like; asมหาวิทยาลัยmá-hǎa-wít-tá-yaa-laiมหาวิทยาลัยmá-hǎa-wít-tá-yaa-laiuniversityย่อyɔ̂ɔย่อyɔ̂ɔ1[to] condense; abridge2[to] abbreviate3[to] minimize; shrink4condensed; abbreviatedเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)เมตรméetเมตรméetmetre; meter (unit of length)
Is the name too long? Can we shorten it? For example, “มหาวิทยาลัย” can be shortened to “ม.”
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เวลาwee-laaเขียนkǐianโน้ตnóotผมpǒmชอบchɔ̂ɔpย่อyɔ̂ɔคำkamอย่างyàangประมาณbprà-maanเป็นbpenประbpràเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiเขียนkǐianเร็วขึ้นreo-kʉ̂n
When taking notes, I like to abbreviate words like “ประมาณ” to “ประ.” to write faster.
ถ้าtâaชื่อหน่วยงานchʉ̂ʉ-nùuai-ngaanยาวyaaoเกินไปgəən-bpaiเราraoควรkuuanย่อyɔ̂ɔเป็นbpenอักษรย่อàk-sɔ̌ɔn-yɔ̂ɔที่tîiอ่านง่ายàan-ngâaiและlɛ́สื่อความหมายsʉ̀ʉ-kwaam-mǎaiชัดเจนchát-jeen
If the agency’s name is too long, we should shorten it to an acronym that’s easy to read and clearly meaningful.
นักวิจัยnák-wí-jaiมักmákย่อyɔ̂ɔชื่อchʉ̂ʉโครงการkroong-gaanเป็นbpenตัวย่อdtuua-yɔ̂ɔเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiการอ้างอิงgaan-âang-ingกระชับgrà-chápแต่ยังdtɛ̀ɛ-yangคงเอกลักษณ์kong-èek-gà-lákเดิมdəəmไว้wái
Researchers often shorten project names into acronyms to make references concise while preserving their identity.
3VerbB1
[to] minimize; shrink
to make smaller or minimize a window, image, or view; to reduce size or scale
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ย่อyɔ̂ɔย่อyɔ̂ɔ1[to] condense; abridge2[to] abbreviate3[to] minimize; shrink4condensed; abbreviatedหน้าต่างnâa-dtàangหน้าต่างnâa-dtàang1window2window (computing)ลงlongลงlong1[to] go down; descend2[to] get off (vehicle)3down; downstream4[to] put; apply; record5[to] decrease; go down6[to] land; alight7southward; down-country8[to] publish; post [sth] onlineเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofดูduuดูduu1[to] look; watch; see2[to] examine; check; inspect3[to] seem; appear4try; have a go5[to] divine; tell fortuneหลายlǎaiหลายlǎaimany; severalโปรแกรมbproo-grɛɛmโปรแกรมbproo-grɛɛm1computer program; software; application2schedule; agenda3[to] program; scheduleพร้อมกันprɔ́ɔm-ganพร้อมกันprɔ́ɔm-gansimultaneously; at the same time; together (in unison)
I minimized the window to view several programs at once.
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If the picture is too big, reduce its size before sending it in the chat.
เขาkǎoย่อแผนที่yɔ̂ɔ-pɛ̌ɛn-tîiในnaiมือถือmʉʉ-tʉ̌ʉเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเห็นภาพhěn-pâapรวมruuamของkɔ̌ɔngเส้นทางsên-taangทั้งหมดtáng-mòt
He zoomed out the map on his phone to see the overall route.
ฉันchǎnต้องdtɔ̂ngย่อสเกลกราฟyɔ̂ɔ-sà-geen-gráapให้hâiเล็กลงlék-longเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเปรียบเทียบbprìiap-tîiapแนวโน้มnɛɛo-nóomทั้งปีtáng-bpiiในnaiหน้าจอnâa-jɔɔเดียวdiiao
I need to reduce the graph’s scale to compare the whole year’s trends on a single screen.
4AdjectiveB1
condensed; abbreviated
presented in a shortened or reduced form
Examples
ภาพpâapภาพpâap1image; picture2scene; view; sight3image (public); reputation4vision; mental imageในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)รายงานraai-ngaanรายงานraai-ngaan1report (document/account)2[to] report; inform officiallyถูกtùukถูกtùuk1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3to be correct/right4proper; morally right5[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)6passive marker (often adverse)นำเสนอnam-sà-nə̌əนำเสนอnam-sà-nə̌ə1[to] present [sth]2[to] propose; put forward [sth]3[to] submit [sth]ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)รูปแบบrûup-bɛ̀ɛpรูปแบบrûup-bɛ̀ɛp1form; format; pattern2design; template; model3mode; typeย่อyɔ̂ɔย่อyɔ̂ɔ1[to] condense; abridge2[to] abbreviate3[to] minimize; shrink4condensed; abbreviatedเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiso that; in order thatใส่sàiใส่sài1[to] put in; [to] add2[to] wear; [to] put on3[to] include; [to] insert (data, settings)4[to] attack; [to] go at (colloq.)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)หน้าnâaหน้าnâa1face2front; frontage3page4next; upcoming5in front; at the front6season; time of year7topping (food)เดียวdiiaoเดียวdiiaosingle; one; only; sameได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action marker
The images in the report were reduced so they fit on a single page.
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แผนที่pɛ̌ɛn-tîiบนbonป้ายbpâaiนี้níiนำเสนอnam-sà-nə̌əในnaiรูปแบบrûup-bɛ̀ɛpย่อyɔ̂ɔทำให้เห็นtam-hâi-hěnพื้นที่pʉ́ʉn-tîiกว้างgwâangบนbonกระดาษgrà-dàatแผ่นpɛ̀nเดียวdiiao
This map sign reduces the scale, allowing a wide area to be seen on a single sheet.
แบบจำลองbɛ̀ɛp-jam-lɔɔngอาคารaa-kaanถูกtùukนำเสนอnam-sà-nə̌əในnaiรูปแบบrûup-bɛ̀ɛpย่อyɔ̂ɔให้hâiมีmiiขนาดkà-nàatเท่าtâoตู้โชว์dtûu-choo
The exhibition organizer reduced the building model to a size that fits the display case.
เพื่อpʉ̂ʉaประหยัดbprà-yàtทรัพยากรsáp-pá-yaa-gɔɔnหน่วยงานnùuai-ngaanจึงjʉngย่อyɔ̂ɔไฟล์faiภาพความละเอียดสูงpâap-kwaam-lá-ìiat-sǔungลงlongโดยdooiไม่ให้mâi-hâiเสียsǐiaรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatสำคัญsǎm-kan
To conserve resources, the agency reduced the high-resolution image files without losing key details.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
yɔ̂ɔ
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + Mai ek → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |