ซ้ำซ้อน
sám-sɔ́ɔnMeanings
1AdjectiveB2
redundant; overlapping
Having duplication or overlapping elements; unnecessarily repeated.
Examples
รายงานraai-ngaanรายงานraai-ngaan1report (document/account)2[to] report; inform officiallyฉบับchà-bàpฉบับchà-bàp1classifier for documents/printed texts2issue; edition; copyนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muun1information; data (non-count)2data (computing)ซ้ำซ้อนsám-sɔ́ɔnซ้ำซ้อนsám-sɔ́ɔn1redundant; overlapping2[to] overlap; duplicate; be redundantทำให้tam-hâiทำให้tam-hâi1[to] make; cause [sb/sth] to [do/be sth]; render2[to] do/make [sth] for [sb]อ่านàanอ่านàan1[to] read2[to] read aloud; pronounce3[to] interpret; make sense of4[to] read data (computing)แล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ยุ่งยากyûng-yâakยุ่งยากyûng-yâak1complicated; troublesome2[to] be troublesome/complicatedโดยdooiโดยdooi1by; via; through2in a ... way; -ly3according to; in accordance withไม่จำเป็นmâi-jam-bpenไม่จำเป็นmâi-jam-bpenunnecessary; not necessary
This report has redundant information, making it unnecessarily complicated to read.
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ขั้นตอนkân-dtɔɔnการขออนุญาตgaan-kɔ̌ɔ-à-nú-yâatซ้ำซ้อนsám-sɔ́ɔnเกินไปgəən-bpaiจึงjʉngทำให้tam-hâiโครงการkroong-gaanล่าช้าlâa-cháa
The permission process is overly redundant, causing the project to be delayed.
นโยบายná-yoo-baaiทั้งสองtáng-sɔ̌ɔngฉบับchà-bàpมีmiiเนื้อหาnʉ́ʉa-hǎaซ้ำsámซ้อนกันsɔ́ɔn-ganจึงjʉngควรkuuanปรับbpràpให้hâiกระชับgrà-chápและlɛ́ไม่mâiซ้ำsámความkwaam
The two policies overlap in content, so they should be streamlined to avoid repetition.
ระบบrá-bòpเก็บข้อมูลgèp kôr moonของkŏngหน่วยงานnùuay ngaanต่างdtàangๆ-ซ้ำsámซ้อนกันsón ganทำให้tam hâiเสียsĭiaทรัพยากรsáp-pá-yaa-gonและláeเวลาway-laaโดยdoiเปล่าประโยชน์bplào bprà-yòht
The data systems of various departments are redundant, wasting resources and time.
2VerbC1
[to] overlap; duplicate; be redundant
To overlap or duplicate in a way that causes redundancy.
Examples
แบบฟอร์มbɛ̀ɛp-fɔɔmแบบฟอร์มbɛ̀ɛp-fɔɔm1form (to fill in)2template; standardized formatนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ถามtǎamถามtǎam1[to] ask; inquire2[to] ask about; consult3[to] question; interrogateข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muun1information; data (non-count)2data (computing)เดิมdəəmเดิมdəəm1original; initial2former; previous3as before; originally; same as beforeหลายlǎaiหลายlǎai1many; several2very; very much; a lot (Isan)ครั้งkrángครั้งkráng1time; occasion; instance2classifier for occurrences or timesทำให้tam-hâiทำให้tam-hâi1[to] make; cause [sb/sth] to [do/be sth]; render2[to] do/make [sth] for [sb]ขั้นตอนkân-dtɔɔnขั้นตอนkân-dtɔɔn1step; stage (in a process)2procedure; process stepsดูduuดูduu1[to] look; watch; see2[to] examine; check; inspect3[to] seem; appear4try; have a go5[to] divine; tell fortune6[to] look after; watch; mindซ้ำซ้อนsám-sɔ́ɔnซ้ำซ้อนsám-sɔ́ɔn1redundant; overlapping2[to] overlap; duplicate; be redundantและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)เสียเวลาsǐia-wee-laaเสียเวลาsǐia-wee-laa1[to] waste time; be a waste of time2time‑wasting; not worth the time
This form asks for the same information multiple times, making the process redundant and time-consuming.
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ถ้าtâaเราraoไม่mâiตัดบทบาทdtàt-bòt-bàatที่tîiซ้ำซ้อนsám-sɔ́ɔnออกɔ̀ɔkโครงการkroong-gaanจะjàสิ้นเปลืองsîn-bplʉʉangทรัพยากรsáp-pá-yaa-gɔɔnโดยdooiไม่จำเป็นmâi-jam-bpen
If we don’t remove overlapping roles, the project will waste resources unnecessarily.
เพื่อpʉ̂ʉaหลีกเลี่ยงlìik-lîiangงานngaanซ้ำซ้อนsám-sɔ́ɔnเราraoควรkuuanจัดสรรjàt-sǎnความรับผิดชอบkwaam-ráp-pìt-chɔ̂ɔpให้hâiชัดเจนchát-jeenและlɛ́เชื่อมโยงchʉ̂ʉam-yoongข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunระหว่างrá-wàangทีมtiim
To avoid redundant work, we should allocate responsibilities clearly and link information across teams.
นโยบายná-yoo-baaiสองsɔ̌ɔngฉบับchà-bàpนี้níiมีขอบเขตmii-kɔ̀ɔp-kèetทับกันtáp-ganจนjonเกิดgə̀ətความซ้ำซ้อนkwaam-sám-sɔ́ɔnซึ่งsʉ̂ngสร้างsâangความสับสนkwaam-sàp-sǒnและlɛ́ลดlótประสิทธิภาพbprà-sìt-tí-pâapการทำงานgaan-tam-ngaan
These two policies overlap to the point of redundancy, creating confusion and reducing work efficiency.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
sám
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + Mai tho → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ซ้ำsámซ้ำsám1again; repeatedly2[to] repeat; do again3duplicate; repeated; identical4on top of that; moreover (worsening)again; repeatedlyPart 1
+
ซ้อนsɔ́ɔnซ้อนsɔ́ɔn1[to] stack; pile; layer2[to] overlap; superimpose3layered; stacked; overlapping4consecutively; in a row5[to] ride pillion[to] stack; pile; layerPart 2
ซ้ำซ้อนsám-sɔ́ɔnซ้ำซ้อนsám-sɔ́ɔnredundant; overlappingredundant; overlappingWord