ปทปรมะ
bpà-tá-bpà-rá-máMeanings
1NounC2
unteachable person; hopelessly ignorant person
a person who is completely unteachable, hopelessly ignorant, or unable to understand instructions and teachings
Examples
หัวหน้าhŭua nâaหัวหน้าhŭua nâa1boss; supervisor2leader; chiefบ่นbònบ่นbòn1to complain; grumble2to nagว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeพนักงานpá-nák-ngaanพนักงานpá-nák-ngaan1employee; staff member; worker2attendant; clerk (service role)คนนี้kon néeคนนี้kon néethis personสอนsŏnสอนsŏn1[to] teach [sb] [sth]2[to] instruct; train [sb]3[to] admonish; give moral guidanceเท่าไหร่tâo ràiเท่าไหร่tâo rài1how much/how many (amount/price)2how (to what degree/extent)3not much/many (after negation)4no matter how much/manyก็gâwก็gâw1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)จำjamจำjam1[to] remember; recall2[to] memorize3[to] recognize4defendant (legal shorthand)เหมือนmĕuuanเหมือนmĕuuan1similar; alike2like; as3as if; as thoughเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ปทปรมะbpà-tá-bpà-rá-máปทปรมะbpà-tá-bpà-rá-má1unteachable person; hopelessly ignorant person2one who cannot attain enlightenmentที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerพัฒนาpát-tá-naaพัฒนาpát-tá-naa1[to] develop; improve2development (process)ไม่ได้mâi dâaiไม่ได้mâi dâai1cannot; not allowed; impossible2did not3[to] fail to get/receive [sth]4unacceptable; not allowed (won’t do)5No way!; absolutely not6not really/actually (corrective)แล้วláeoแล้วláeo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)
The boss complained that no matter how much this employee is taught, they don't remember, acting like an unteachable person who cannot be developed.
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การgaanพยายามpá-yaa-yaamอธิบายà-tí-baaiเหตุผลhèt pŏnให้hâiคนkonที่têeเป็นbpenปทปรมะbpà-tá-bpà-rá-máฟังfangก็gâwเหมือนกับmĕuuan gàpการgaanสีซอให้ควายฟังsĕe sor hâi kwaai fangซึ่งsêungนอกจากnôk jàakจะjàเสียเวลาsĭia wee-laaแล้วláeoยังyangทำtamให้hâiเราraoหงุดหงิดngùt-ngìtเปล่าๆbplào bplào
Trying to explain reasons to someone who is hopelessly ignorant is like playing the fiddle for a buffalo, which is not only a waste of time but also leaves us frustrated for nothing.
แม้ว่าmáe wâaครูkruuจะjàพยายามpá-yaa-yaamใช้cháiสารพัดsăa-rá-pátวิธีwí-teeในnaiการสอนgaan sŏnแต่dtàeเด็กdèkคนนี้kon néeก็gâwยังyangมีmeeพฤติกรรมprút-dtì-gamดื้อรั้นdêuu ránและláeเป็นbpenปทปรมะbpà-tá-bpà-rá-máจนยากjon yâakที่จะtêe jàเยียวยาyiiao yaaได้dâi
Even though the teacher tried using various methods to teach, this child still behaves stubbornly and is so unteachable that it's hard to remedy.
ในnaiสังคมsăng-komประชาธิปไตยbprà-chaa-tí-bpà-dtaiการถกเถียงgaan tòk tĭiangด้วยdûuayเหตุผลhèt pŏnเป็นbpenสิ่งสำคัญsìng săm-kanทว่าtá-wâaหากhàakต้องdtôngเผชิญหน้าpà-chern nâaกับgàpบุคคลbùk-konจำพวกjam pûuakปทปรมะbpà-tá-bpà-rá-máที่ยึดtêe yéutติดกับdtìt gàpอคติà-kà-dtìของkŏngตนdtonอย่างเหนียวแน่นyàang nĭiao nâenการสนทนาgaan sŏn-tá-naaนั้นnánย่อมyômไร้ซึ่งrái sûngมรรคmákผลpŏnใดๆdai dai
In a democratic society, rational debate is crucial; however, if faced with the hopelessly ignorant sort who cling tightly to their prejudices, that conversation will inevitably yield no fruit.
2NounC2
one who cannot attain enlightenment
in Buddhism, the lowest of the four types of persons who cannot attain enlightenment in this life despite listening to teachings, metaphorically compared to a lotus stuck in the mud
Examples
พระพุทธเจ้าprá-pút-tá-jâoพระพุทธเจ้าprá-pút-tá-jâothe Buddha; the Enlightened Oneทรงsongทรงsong1shape; form2style; look (e.g., hairstyle)3[royal] to have; possess4[royal] to be; to do5(royal) honorific prefixเปรียบbprìiapเปรียบbprìiap1[to] compare2[to] liken; use as a simileมนุษย์má-nútมนุษย์má-núthuman; human beingเหมือนmĕuuanเหมือนmĕuuan1similar; alike2like; as3as if; as thoughดอกบัวdòk buuaดอกบัวdòk buualotus flower; water-lily flower๔sìiเหล่าlàoเหล่าlào1group; set; category2the ... (plural/collective marker)3classifier: groups; kinds; military branchesโดยdoiโดยdoi1by; via; through2in a ... way; -ly3according to; in accordance withบุคคลbùk-konบุคคลbùk-konperson; individualประเภทbprà-pâytประเภทbprà-pâyt1type; category; class2classifier: types/categoriesปทปรมะbpà-tá-bpà-rá-máปทปรมะbpà-tá-bpà-rá-má1unteachable person; hopelessly ignorant person2one who cannot attain enlightenmentเปรียบเสมือนbprìiap sà-mĕuuanเปรียบเสมือนbprìiap sà-mĕuuan[to] be likened to; [to] be analogous to; [to] be as ifบัวbuuaบัวbuua1lotus; water lily2lotus motif/shape3moulding (architectural)ที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerจมjomจมjom1[to] sink; go under (liquid)2[to] be immersed; be buried; be stuck (literal/figurative)3sunken; recessed; embeddedอยู่ใต้yòo dtâiอยู่ใต้yòo dtâi1[to] be under [sth]; [to] be beneath [sth]2[to] be south of [somewhere]3[to] be under the control of [sb/sth]โคลนตมklon dtomโคลนตมklon dtommud; sludge
The Buddha compared humans to four kinds of lotuses, where the 'pada-parama' type of person is like a lotus submerged in the mud.
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ตามdtaamหลักธรรมlàk tamทางtaangพระพุทธศาสนาprá-pút-tá-sàat-sà-năaบุคคลbùk-konผู้pôoเป็นbpenปทปรมะbpà-tá-bpà-rá-máคือkeuผู้ที่pôo têeแม้máeจะjàได้dâiฟังfangธรรมะtam-máมากมายmâak maaiเพียงใดpiiang daiก็gâwไม่อาจmâi àatบรรลุธรรมban-lú tamได้dâiในnaiชาติchâatนี้née
According to Buddhist teachings, a 'pada-parama' person is someone who, no matter how much Dharma they listen to, cannot attain enlightenment in this lifetime.
หลวงพ่อlŭuang pâwเทศน์สอนtêet sŏnว่าwâaเราraoควรkuuanหมั่นmànฝึกฝนfèuk fŏnอบรมòp-romจิตใจjìt jaiตนเองdton ayngอยู่เสมอyòo sà-mŏerเพื่อpêuuaมิmíให้ตกhâi dtòkอยู่ในyòo naiสภาวะsà-paa-wáของkŏngปทปรมะbpà-tá-bpà-rá-máที่têeมืดบอดmêut bòtต่อdtòแสงสว่างsăeng sà-wàangแห่งhàengพระธรรมprá tam
The abbot preached that we should constantly train and cultivate our minds, so as not to fall into the state of 'pada-parama', blind to the light of the Dharma.
พระธรรมกถึกprá tam-má-gà-tèukได้dâiหยิบยกyìp yókอุปมาùp-bpà-maaเรื่องrêuuangบัวbuuaสี่sèeเหล่าlàoมาmaaขยายความkà-yăai kwaamเพื่อpêuuaชี้ให้เห็นchée hâi hĕnว่าwâaสภาวะsà-paa-wáอันanมืดบอดmêut bòtของkŏngปทปรมะbpà-tá-bpà-rá-máนั้นnánเกิดจากgèrt jàakกิเลสgì-lêtและláeอวิชชาà-wít-chaaที่têeสั่งสมมาsàng sŏm maaอย่างหนาแน่นyàang năa nâenจนjonบดบังbòt bangดวงตาเห็นธรรมduuang dtaa hĕn tam
The Dharma preacher brought up the metaphor of the four lotuses to elaborate, pointing out that the blind state of a 'pada-parama' arises from defilements and ignorance accumulated so densely that they obscure the eye of Dharma.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ปทปรมะ said ปะ-ทบ-ระ-มะ?
bpà-tá-bpà-rá-má
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
4 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |