จม
jomMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] sink; go under (liquid)
to go below the surface of water or another liquid and not float
Examples
เรือrʉʉaเรือrʉʉaboat; ship; vesselของเล่นkɔ̌ɔng-lênของเล่นkɔ̌ɔng-lên1toy; plaything2novelty; fun gadget3plaything (figurative)หล่นlònหล่นlòn1[to] fall; drop off; slip off2[to] be missing; be left outลงlongลงlong1[to] go down; descend2[to] get off (vehicle)3down; downstream4[to] put; apply; record5[to] decrease; go down6[to] land; alightน้ำnáamน้ำnáam1water2liquid; fluid3juice; extract4sauce; broth5bodily fluid (in compounds)แล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)จมjomจมjom1[to] sink; go under (liquid)2[to] be immersed; be buried; be stuck (literal/figurative)3sunken; recessed; embeddedทันทีtan-tiiทันทีtan-tiiimmediately; at once
The toy boat fell into the water and sank immediately.
3 more examplesShow less
เมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waanฝนตกหนักfǒn-dtòk-nàkเรือrʉʉaเล็กlékที่tîiท่าเรือtâa-rʉʉaรับrápน้ำnáamไม่ไหวmâi-wǎiเลยləəiจมลงjom-long
Yesterday it rained heavily; the small boat at the pier couldn't handle the water and sank.
If we put stones in, this bottle will sink and not float on the water's surface.
ทุ่นtûnช่วยชีวิตchûuai chee-wítแตกdtàekทำให้tam hâiเรือยางreuua yaangค่อยkôiๆ-จมลงjom longใต้dtâiผิวน้ำpĭu náamจนjonหายไปhăai bpai
The life float ruptured, causing the inflatable boat to gradually sink below the water's surface until it disappeared.
2VerbB1
[to] be immersed; be buried; be stuck (literal/figurative)
to be deeply inside or covered by something so that it is not easily seen or removed (e.g., stuck in mud; buried in work; immersed in thought)
Examples
รองเท้าrɔɔng-táaoรองเท้าrɔɔng-táaoshoe; footwearของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnmy; mineจมjomจมjom1[to] sink; go under (liquid)2[to] be immersed; be buried; be stuck (literal/figurative)3sunken; recessed; embeddedอยู่ในyùu-naiอยู่ในyùu-nai[to] be in [somewhere]โคลนkloonโคลนkloon1mud2[to] cloneดึงdʉngดึงdʉng1[to] pull; draw (toward oneself)2[to] attract; draw (attention/interest)3[to] drag (on a screen)4[to] hold back; delay; stallขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maaขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maa1[to] come up (toward the speaker); move upward2[to] get up; rise3[to] go up; increase4[to] become; start to be (change of state)5[to] arise; appear; emergeยากมากyâak-mâakยากมากyâak-mâakvery difficult; very hard
My shoes are sunk in the mud; it’s very hard to pull them out.
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เขาkǎoจมอยู่กับjom-yùu-gàpงานngaanทั้งสัปดาห์táng-sàp-daaจนjonแทบtɛ̂ɛpไม่มีmâi-miiเวลาwee-laaได้dâaiพักผ่อนpák-pɔ̀ɔn
He has been buried in work all week and hardly has time to rest.
เด็กชายdèk-chaaiจมอยู่กับjom-yùu-gàpความคิดkwaam-kítของตัวเองkɔ̌ɔng-dtuua-eengจนjonไม่ทันmâi-tanได้ยินdâi-yinครูkruuเรียกrîiak
The boy was immersed in his own thoughts and didn’t hear the teacher calling.
รถrótติดหล่มdtìt-lòmลึกlʉ́kจนjonล้อหลังlɔ́ɔ-lǎngจมjomไปbpaiครึ่งkrʉ̂ngคันkanต้องdtɔ̂ngใช้cháiเชือกchʉ̂ʉakลากlâakออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maa
The car got stuck in a deep rut with the rear wheels sunk halfway, and it needed to be towed out with a rope.
3AdjectiveB2
sunken; recessed; embedded
set below the surrounding surface or embedded in something, as a recessed screw head
Examples
หลังlǎngหลังlǎng1back (of body)2rear; back (part)3behind; at the back of4after; later than5CL: building; house; structureลดน้ำหนักlót-nám-nàkลดน้ำหนักlót-nám-nàk1[to] lose weight2[to] reduce the weight [of sth]มากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerousแก้มgɛ̂ɛmแก้มgɛ̂ɛm1cheek2float; buoy (fishing, regional)ของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎohis; hers; theirsดูduuดูduu1[to] look; watch; see2[to] examine; check; inspect3[to] seem; appear4try; have a go5[to] divine; tell fortuneตอบdtɔ̀ɔpตอบdtɔ̀ɔp1[to] answer; reply2[to] respond; react3sunken; hollow (of cheeks/abdomen)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)จมjomจมjom1[to] sink; go under (liquid)2[to] be immersed; be buried; be stuck (literal/figurative)3sunken; recessed; embeddedเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔiเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔi1a little; slightly2minor; slight; trivial3a small amount
After losing a lot of weight, his cheeks looked hollow and slightly sunken.
3 more examplesShow less
Some wooden floorboards are sunken because the supporting structure has decayed.
ปุ่มbpùmหน้าจอnâa-jɔɔบางbaangจุดjùtจมjomเข้าไปkâo-bpaiทำให้tam-hâiกดgòtไม่ติดmâi-dtìtต้องdtɔ̂ngซ่อมsɔ̂m
Some buttons on the screen are pressed inward, making them unresponsive and in need of repair.
รอยrɔɔiล้อรถlɔ́ɔ-rótทิ้งtíngเป็นbpenร่องrɔ̂ngจมjomในnaiสนามหญ้าsà-nǎam-yâaหลังlǎngฝนตกหนักfǒn-dtòk-nàk
Tire tracks left sunken grooves in the lawn after the heavy rain.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ม, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
jom
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |