ตน
dtonMeanings
1PronounB1
self; oneself
oneself; one's own self, used to refer back to the subject in context (formal/neutral)
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toรับผิดชอบráp-pìt-chɔ̂ɔpรับผิดชอบráp-pìt-chɔ̂ɔp1[to] be responsible for2[to] take responsibility (for)3[to] be in charge ofการตัดสินใจgaan-dtàt-sǐn-jaiการตัดสินใจgaan-dtàt-sǐn-jai1a decision2decision-makingของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsตนdtonตนdton1self; oneself2self (as a concept)3classifier: supernatural beings; ascetics
He must take responsibility for his own decisions.
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เธอtəəเรียนรู้จากriian-rúu-jàakความผิดพลาดkwaam-pìt-plâatของkɔ̌ɔngตนdtonและlɛ́ตั้งใจdtâng-jaiแก้ไขgɛ̂ɛ-kǎi
She learned from her own mistakes and intended to fix them.
I try to maintain my own discipline even when very tired.
ผู้สมัครpûu-sà-màkควรkuuanแสดงให้เห็นsà-dɛɛng-hâi-hěnจุดแข็งjùt-kɛ̌ngของkɔ̌ɔngตนdtonโดยdooiไม่mâiโอ้อวดôo-ùuat
Applicants should demonstrate their own strengths without boasting.
2NounB2
self (as a concept)
the self; the person as an individual entity (often in formal or philosophical contexts)
Examples
มหาวิทยาลัยmá-hăa-wít-tá-yaa-laiมหาวิทยาลัยmá-hăa-wít-tá-yaa-laiuniversityสนับสนุนsà-nàp-sà-nŭnสนับสนุนsà-nàp-sà-nŭn1[to] support; back; endorse2[to] sponsor; fund3[to] advocate; promoteให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)นักศึกษาnák sèuk-săaนักศึกษาnák sèuk-săauniversity/college studentรู้จักrúu jàkรู้จักrúu jàk1[to] know; be acquainted with2[to] recognize; identify3[to] know how; be capable (from familiarity); be prudent withคุณค่าkun-ná-kâaคุณค่าkun-ná-kâavalue; worth (importance or usefulness)ของkŏngของkŏng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsตนdtonตนdton1self; oneself2self (as a concept)3classifier: supernatural beings; asceticsและláeและláeand (coordinating)เคารพkao-rópเคารพkao-róp1[to] respect; honor2[to] obey; abide by3[to] pay respectsผู้อื่นpôo èunผู้อื่นpôo èunothers; other people; someone else
The university encourages students to recognize their own value and respect others.
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ในnaiการให้คำปรึกษาgaan-hâi-kam-bprʉ̀k-sǎaผู้ป่วยpûu-bpùuaiต้องdtɔ̂ngเรียนรู้riian-rúuที่จะtîi-jàยอมรับyɔɔm-rápตนdtonอย่างจริงใจyàang-jing-jai
In counseling, patients must learn to sincerely accept the self.
นักคิดnák-kítหลายคนlǎai-konเสนอsà-nə̌əว่าwâaเสรีภาพsěe-rii-pâapที่แท้จริงtîi-tɛ́ɛ-jingเริ่มrə̂əmจากjàakการรู้เท่าทันgaan-rúu-tâo-tanตนdton
Many thinkers propose that true freedom begins with being aware of the self.
ในnaiมุมมองmum-mɔɔngเชิงปรัชญาchəəng-bpràt-yaaตนdtonมิได้mí-dâaiคงที่kong-tîiหากhàakเปลี่ยนแปลงbplìian-bplɛɛngตามdtaamประสบการณ์bprà-sòp-gaanและlɛ́บริบทbɔɔ-rí-bòtสังคมsǎng-kom
From a philosophical perspective, the self is not fixed but changes according to experience and social context.
3ClassifierB2
classifier: supernatural beings; ascetics
classifier used for spirits, demons, certain other supernatural beings, and ascetics such as hermits; not a general classifier for people or living things
Examples
ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)พิธีpí-tiiพิธีpí-tii1ceremony; rite2ritual; observance3formal procedure; protocolมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoพระสงฆ์prá-sǒngพระสงฆ์prá-sǒng1the monastic order; Buddhist clergy2a monk (formal/literary)สามsǎamสามsǎamthree (3)ตนdtonตนdton1self; oneself2self (as a concept)3classifier: supernatural beings; asceticsมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerร่วมrûuamร่วมrûuam1[to] join; participate2together; jointly3joint; shared; mutualสวดมนต์sùuat-monสวดมนต์sùuat-mon1[to] chant/recite prayers2prayer chanting; recitation
In the ceremony, three monks came to chant.
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เจ้าหน้าที่jâao-nâa-tîiพาpaaผู้บาดเจ็บpûu-bàat-jèpสองsɔ̌ɔngรายraaiขึ้นkʉ̂nรถพยาบาลrót-pá-yaa-baanทันทีtan-tii
The staff immediately brought two injured persons onto the ambulance.
บ้านพักbâan-pákแห่งนี้hɛ̀ng-níiรองรับrɔɔng-rápผู้สูงอายุpûu-sǔung-aa-yúได้dâaiยี่สิบyîi-sìpรายraaiโดยdooiมีmiiพยาบาลpá-yaa-baanดูแลduu-lɛɛตลอดเวลาdtà-lɔ̀ɔt-wee-laa
This residence can accommodate twenty elderly persons, with nurses caring for them at all times.
โครงการkroong-gaanนี้níiคัดเลือกkát-lʉ̂ʉakอาสาสมัครaa-sǎa-sà-màkสิบsìpรายraaiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaร่วมrûuamฝึกอบรมfʉ̀k-òp-romภาคสนามpâak-sà-nǎam
This project selected ten volunteers to participate in field training.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dton
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |