ควบ
kûuapMeanings
1AdjectiveB1
[to] combine; hold concurrently; together; simultaneously
To combine things or undertake them together, especially to hold two positions or perform two functions concurrently; also, together or simultaneously.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillทำงานtam-ngaanทำงานtam-ngaan1[to] work; do one's job; be on duty2[to] function; operateควบkûuapควบkûuap1[to] combine; hold concurrently; together; simultaneously2[to] control; supervise3[to] gallop; ride at a gallop4classifier: yoke; pair (draft animals)สองsɔ̌ɔngสองsɔ̌ɔng1two; 22secondตำแหน่งdtam-nɛ̀ngตำแหน่งdtam-nɛ̀ng1position; location; spot2position; post; job title; role3rank; status4slot; placement; orderในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)บริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtบริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtcompany; firm; corporationเดียวกันdiiao-ganเดียวกันdiiao-ganthe same; identical
He holds two positions at the same time in the same company.
3 more examplesShow less
เครื่องดื่มkrʉ̂ʉang-dʉ̀ʉmนี้níiเป็นbpenรสrótควบkûuapชาเขียวchaa-kǐiaoกับgàpมะนาวmá-naaoในnaiขวดkùuatเดียวdiiao
This beverage is a double-flavor: green tea and lemon in one bottle.
เธอtəəเรียนriianปริญญาbpà-rin-yaaควบkûuapสองsɔ̌ɔngสาขาsǎa-kǎaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเปิดโอกาสbpə̀ət-oo-gàatอาชีพaa-chîipที่tîiหลากหลายlàak-lǎai
She is pursuing a dual-degree in two fields to open up diverse career opportunities.
งานวิจัยngaan-wí-jaiชิ้นนี้chín-níiใช้cháiวิธีwí-tiiเชิงคุณภาพchəəng-kun-ná-pâapควบkûuapเชิงปริมาณchəəng-bpà-rí-maanเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiภาพรวมpâap-ruuamที่tîiครบถ้วนkróp-tûuan
This research uses qualitative together with quantitative methods to provide a comprehensive picture.
2VerbB1
[to] control; supervise
to control, manage, or supervise; to keep in order or under restraint (often in compounds like ควบคุมควบคุมkûuap-kum1[to] control; regulate; manage2[to] restrain; keep in check).
Examples
ครูkruuครูkruu1teacher2master; mentor (respectful)3classifier: คน; ท่าน (respectful)ช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1[to] help; assist [sb/sth]2please (request marker)3[to] save; rescue [sb]ควบคุมkûuap-kumควบคุมkûuap-kum1[to] control; regulate; manage2[to] restrain; keep in checkนักเรียนnák-riianนักเรียนnák-riianschool student; pupilให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)ต่อแถวdtɔ̀ɔ-tɛ̌ɛoต่อแถวdtɔ̀ɔ-tɛ̌ɛo[to] line up; [to] queueเป็นระเบียบbpen-rá-bìiapเป็นระเบียบbpen-rá-bìiap1orderly; tidy; well-organized2disciplined; well-behaved
The teacher helped control the students so they would line up in an orderly way.
3 more examplesShow less
The manager has to supervise the sales team so they don't miss the target.
ตำรวจdtam-rùuatเข้ามาkâo-maaควบkûuapสถานการณ์sà-tǎa-ná-gaanก่อนที่gɔ̀ɔn-tîiเหตุhèetทะเลาะtá-lɔ́จะบานปลายjà-baan-bplaai
The police came to bring the situation under control before the quarrel escalated.
เขาkǎoรับหน้าที่ráp-nâa-tîiควบโครงการkûuap-kroong-gaanทั้งหมดtáng-mòtตั้งแต่dtâng-dtɛ̀ɛกำหนดgam-nòtงบประมาณngóp-bprà-maanจนถึงjon-tʉ̌ngประเมินผลbprà-məən-pǒn
He is responsible for overseeing the entire project, from budgeting to evaluation.
3VerbB2
[to] gallop; ride at a gallop
To make a horse run at a gallop, or to ride a horse at that pace.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillควบkûuapควบkûuap1[to] combine; hold concurrently; together; simultaneously2[to] control; supervise3[to] gallop; ride at a gallop4classifier: yoke; pair (draft animals)ม้าmáaม้าmáa1horse2sawhorse; trestle3chess knight4treadle; foot-operated lever5gymnastics vaulting horse; pommel horse6stimulant drug (slang)7martial arts ‘horse stance’8mum; mom (informal, Sino-Thai)ข้ามkâamข้ามkâam1[to] cross; go over2across; over3[to] skip; omit4beyond; past (time/limit)5cross-; trans-; inter- (prefixal use)ทุ่งtûngทุ่งtûngfield; open countryอย่างyàangอย่างyàang1kind; type; sort2manner; way3classifier (for kinds/types)4in the manner of; -lyมั่นใจmân-jaiมั่นใจmân-jai1confident; sure2[to] be confident; [to] be sure (of/about)
He galloped a horse across the field confidently.
3 more examplesShow less
When I was a child, I once galloped a horse along the beach with my uncle.
นักnákแสดงสตันท์sà-dɛɛng-sà-dtanควบkûuapม้าmáaผ่านpàanช่องแคบchɔ̂ng-kɛ̂ɛpและlɛ́กระโดดgrà-dòotข้ามkâamรั้วrúuaได้dâaiอย่างแม่นยำyàang-mɛ̂n-yam
The stunt performer galloped the horse through a narrow passage and jumped over a fence with precision.
เขาkǎoควบkûuapม้าmáaเร่งrêngฝีเท้าfǐi-táaoให้hâiทันtanขบวนkà-buuanพิธีpí-tiiก่อนgɔ̀ɔnดึงdʉngบังเหียนbang-hǐianชะลอchá-lɔɔหน้าnâaลานวังlaan-wang
He spurred the horse into a gallop to catch up with the procession, then pulled the reins to slow down in front of the palace courtyard.
4ClassifierC1
classifier: yoke; pair (draft animals)
classifier for a pair of draft animals harnessed together (e.g., oxen) or a yoke.
Examples
ชาวนาchaao-naaชาวนาchaao-naarice farmerนำnamนำnam1[to] bring; take; lead2[to] lead; guideวัวwuuaวัวwuuacow; cattleควบkûuapควบkûuap1[to] combine; hold concurrently; together; simultaneously2[to] control; supervise3[to] gallop; ride at a gallop4classifier: yoke; pair (draft animals)หนึ่งnʉ̀ngหนึ่งnʉ̀ng1one (number)2a; one; a single3a certain; a particular4first; top; foremostออกɔ̀ɔkออกɔ̀ɔk1[to] go out; exit; leave2out; outward3[in sports] out of bounds4[to] come out; appear; be issued5[to] produce; emit; put out6[to] pay; spend; disburse7[to] quit; resign8[to] issue; publish9successfully; out (indicating comprehension or discovery)ไถนาtǎi-naaไถนาtǎi-naa[to] plough a paddy field; till a rice fieldในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ตอนเช้าdtɔɔn-cháoตอนเช้าdtɔɔn-cháo1morning (time period)2in the morning
The farmer brought one yoke of oxen to plow in the morning.
3 more examplesShow less
ขบวนkà-buuanเกวียนgwiianใช้cháiควายkwaaiสองsɔ̌ɔngควบkûuapสลับกันsà-làp-ganเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaประหยัดbprà-yàtแรงrɛɛngสัตว์sàtระหว่างทางrá-wàang-taangไกลglai
The wagon train alternated between two yokes of buffalo to conserve the animals’ strength on the long journey.
หัวหน้าhǔua-nâaคอกkɔ̂ɔkสั่งsàngเตรียมdtriiamวัวwuuaสามsǎamควบkûuapพร้อมprɔ́ɔmแอกɛ̀ɛkใหม่màiสำหรับsǎm-ràpไถtǎiแปลงbplɛɛngใหญ่yàiในnaiฤดูเพาะปลูกrʉ́-duu-pɔ́-bplùuk
The head of the cattle pen ordered three yokes of oxen with new yokes for plowing the large field in the planting season.
พิพิธภัณฑ์pí-pít-tá-panจัดแสดงjàt-sà-dɛɛngเกวียนgwiianไม้máaiโบราณboo-raanพร้อมprɔ́ɔmป้ายbpâaiอธิบายà-tí-baaiหน่วยnùuaiนับnápแบบbɛ̀ɛpพื้นบ้านpʉ́ʉn-bâanเช่นchênวัวwuuaหนึ่งnʉ̀ngควบkûuapกับgàpแอกɛ̀ɛkไม้สักmáai-sàk
The museum exhibits an ancient wooden cart with signs explaining traditional counting units, such as one yoke of oxen with a teak yoke.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableLong vowelEnds in -บ, a stop, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
kûuap
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Long vowel → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |