ค่ำ
kâmMeanings
1NounA2
evening; dusk
the time after sunset and before late night; dusk to early night
Examples
พอpɔɔพอpɔɔ1enough; sufficient2enough; sufficiently3[to] suffice; be enough4quite; rather; fairly5as soon as; whenค่ำkâmค่ำkâm1evening; dusk2in the evening; at nightfall3to become evening; grow lateเราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)กลับบ้านglàp-bâanกลับบ้านglàp-bâan[to] go (back) home; return homeและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)กินข้าวgin-kâaoกินข้าวgin-kâao1[to] have a meal; eat (general)2[to] eat rice (literal)ด้วยกันdûuai-ganด้วยกันdûuai-gan1together; jointly2in total; altogether3of the same group; fellow
When it is evening, we go home and eat together.
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Yesterday evening, I took a walk by the river.
We arranged to meet in the evening in front of the train station.
In the evening, the breeze is cool and people come out to sit and chat in front of their houses.
2AdverbA2
in the evening; at nightfall
occurring or done in the evening or at nightfall
Examples
เราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)จะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ออกɔ̀ɔkออกɔ̀ɔk1[to] go out; exit; leave2out; outward3[in sports] out of bounds4[to] come out; appear; be issued5[to] produce; emit; put out6[to] pay; spend; disburse7[to] quit; resign8[to] issue; publish9successfully; out (indicating comprehension or discovery)เดินdəənเดินdəən1[to] walk; go on foot2[to] proceed; go; move along3[to] run; operate (machine/system)4[to] run; operate; keep runningตอนค่ำdtɔɔn-kâmตอนค่ำdtɔɔn-kâm1in the evening; at nightfall2evening after sunset; early night
We will set out in the evening.
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Yesterday he arrived home right in the evening.
ฉันchǎnชอบchɔ̂ɔpออกกำลังกายɔ̀ɔk-gam-lang-gaaiตอนค่ำdtɔɔn-kâmเพราะprɔ́อากาศเย็นaa-gàat-yenลงlongแล้วlɛ́ɛo
I like to exercise in the evening because the air has cooled down.
เราraoนัดnátกันganทำพิธีtam pí-teeเล็กๆlék lékตอนค่ำdton kâmเพื่อให้pêuua hâiทุกคนtúk konสะดวกsà-dùuakหลังเลิกงานlăng lêrk ngaan
We scheduled a small ceremony in the evening so that everyone would be free after work.
3VerbB1
to become evening; grow late
for the time of day to turn into evening; to get late
Examples
เราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)ควรkuuanควรkuuan1should; ought to2appropriate; proper; suitable3[to] deserve; be worthy ofรีบrîipรีบrîip1[to] hurry; rush2in a hurry; pressed for time3hastily; quickly (due to urgency)กลับบ้านglàp-bâanกลับบ้านglàp-bâan[to] go (back) home; return homeก่อนจะgɔ̀ɔn-jàก่อนจะgɔ̀ɔn-jàbefore (introducing a clause)ค่ำkâmค่ำkâm1evening; dusk2in the evening; at nightfall3to become evening; grow late
We should hurry home before it gets late.
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ระหว่างrá-wàangเดินป่าdern bpàaผมpŏmดูdooนาฬิกาnaa-lí-gaaบ่อยbòiๆ-เพราะpráwกลัวgluuaจะjàค่ำkâmแล้วláeoหาทางกลับhăa taang glàpไม่เจอmâi jer
While hiking, I kept checking my watch because I was afraid it would get late and we wouldn’t find our way back.
ฝนตกfǒn-dtòkทั้งวันtáng-wanจนjonฟ้ามืดfáa-mʉ̂ʉtเร็วreoพวกเราpûuak-raoยังyangจัดของjàt-kɔ̌ɔngไม่mâiเสร็จsètแต่dtɛ̀ɛก็gɔ̂เริ่มrə̂əmจะjàค่ำkâmแล้วlɛ́ɛo
It rained all day so it got dark quickly; we still hadn’t finished packing, and it was starting to get late.
พอpɔɔใกล้glâiจะjàค่ำkâmอุณหภูมิun-hà-puumก็gɔ̂ลดลงlót-longอย่างรวดเร็วyàang-rûuat-reoทำให้tam-hâiหมอกmɔ̀ɔkลงlongหนาnǎaและlɛ́การมองเห็นgaan-mɔɔng-hěnยิ่งyîngแย่yɛ̂ɛ
As it neared evening, the temperature dropped rapidly, causing thick fog and worsening visibility.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
kâm
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + Mai ek → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |