บก
bòkMeanings
1NounA2
land; dry land
land or dry ground, as opposed to water or sea
Examples
ปลาbplaaปลาbplaa1fish (animal)2fish (as food)3classifier: ตัวอยู่ในyùu-naiอยู่ในyùu-nai[to] be in [somewhere]น้ำnáamน้ำnáam1water2liquid; fluid3juice; extract4sauce; broth5bodily fluid (in compounds)คนkonคนkon1person; human2classifier: peopleอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainบนบกbon-bòkบนบกbon-bòk1on land; ashore2land-dwelling; terrestrial
Fish live in water; people live on land.
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I prefer running on land rather than swimming in the sea.
นักวิจัยnák-wí-jaiเก็บgèpตัวอย่างdtuua-yàangดินdinบนบกbon-bòkไปbpaiเปรียบเทียบกับbprìiap-tîiap-gàpตะกอนdtà-gɔɔnในnaiแม่น้ำmɛ̂ɛ-náam
Researchers collected soil samples on land to compare with river sediments.
2AdverbB1
ashore; on land
located or happening on land (not at sea or on water)
Examples
สัตว์sàtสัตว์sàt1animal (non-human creature)2beast; brute (pejorative)บางชนิดbaang-chá-nítบางชนิดbaang-chá-nítsome kinds; certain typesอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainบกbòkบกbòk1land; dry land2ashore; on land3army; ground forces4editor(-in-chief) (abbr.)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ว่ายน้ำwâai-náamว่ายน้ำwâai-náam[to] swimในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ทะเลtá-leeทะเลtá-lee1sea2seaside; the beach
Some animals live on land and do not swim in the sea.
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การขนส่งgaan-kǒn-sòngบกbòkสะดวกsà-dùuakในเมืองnai-mʉʉangนี้níiเพราะprɔ́มีmiiถนนเชื่อมtà-nǒn-chʉ̂ʉamหลายlǎaiเส้นsên
Land transport is convenient in this city because there are many connecting roads.
ฤดูฝนrʉ́-duu-fǒnทำให้tam-hâiการเดินgaan-dəənทางบกล่าช้าtaang-bòk-lâa-cháaเพราะprɔ́ถนนtà-nǒnมีmiiน้ำท่วมขังnáam-tûuam-kǎng
The rainy season delays land travel because the roads are flooded.
พายุแรงpaa-yú-rɛɛngทำให้tam-hâiเรือrʉʉaออกɔ̀ɔkไม่ได้mâi-dâaiจึงjʉngต้องdtɔ̂ngเปลี่ยนbplìianแผนpɛ̌ɛnเป็นbpenขนส่งkǒn-sòngบกbòkทั้งหมดtáng-mòtแทนtɛɛn
The strong storm prevented ships from departing, so we had to switch to entirely land-based transport instead.
3NounB2
army; ground forces
short for กองทัพบกกองทัพบกgɔɔng-táp-bòk1Royal Thai Army2army; land force, referring to the army or land forces
Examples
กองทัพบกgɔɔng-táp-bòkกองทัพบกgɔɔng-táp-bòk1Royal Thai Army2army; land forceจัดกำลังjàt-gam-langจัดกำลังjàt-gam-lang[to] allocate manpower; deploy personnelพลponพลpon1troops; manpower2general-officer rank prefix3force; power (Skt/Pali root in compounds)4people; populace (in compounds)จากjàakจากjàak1from; away from2[to] leave; depart; part from3nipa palmบกbòkบกbòk1land; dry land2ashore; on land3army; ground forces4editor(-in-chief) (abbr.)ลงพื้นที่long-pʉ́ʉn-tîiลงพื้นที่long-pʉ́ʉn-tîi[to] go to the field/siteช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1[to] help; assist [sb/sth]2please (request marker)3[to] save; rescue [sb]ผู้ประสบภัยpûu-bprà-sòp-paiผู้ประสบภัยpûu-bprà-sòp-paidisaster-affected person; victim/survivorน้ำท่วมnáam-tûuamน้ำท่วมnáam-tûuam1flood; flooding2[to] flood; [to] be flooded
The army dispatched personnel from Army HQ to assist flood victims on the ground.
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งานngaanสวนสนามsǔuan-sà-nǎamปีนี้bpii-níiบกbòkจะjàนำnamขบวนkà-buuanหลักlàkและlɛ́แสดงsà-dɛɛngยุทโธปกรณ์yút-too-bpà-gɔɔnใหม่mài
At this year’s parade, the Army will lead the main procession and showcase new equipment.
ภารกิจpaa-rá-gìtนี้níiอยู่ในyùu-naiอำนาจam-nâatของkɔ̌ɔngบกbòkโดยตรงdooi-dtrongจึงjʉngต้องdtɔ̂ngประสานbprà-sǎanกับgàpหน่วยรบnùuai-rópภาคสนามpâak-sà-nǎamให้hâiชัดเจนchát-jeen
This mission falls directly under the Army’s authority, so coordination with field units must be precise.
รายงานข่าวraai-ngaan-kàaoระบุว่าrá-bù-wâaบกbòkได้dâaiออกคำสั่งɔ̀ɔk-kam-sàngเคลื่อนย้ายklʉ̂ʉan-yáaiกำลังgam-langเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเสริมsə̌əmแนวชายแดนnɛɛo-chaai-dɛɛnอย่างเร่งด่วนyàang-rêng-dùuan
News reports state that the Army has issued orders to redeploy forces urgently to reinforce the border.
4NounB2
editor(-in-chief) (abbr.)
abbreviation of บรรณาธิการบรรณาธิการban-naa-tí-gaaneditor ‘editor’; often in compounds like บกบกbòk1land; dry land2ashore; on land3army; ground forces4editor(-in-chief) (abbr.).บริหารบริหารbɔɔ-rí-hǎan1[to] manage; administer; run2[to] exercise (one's body)3[to] govern; oversee4administration; management ‘managing editor’ or บกบกbòk1land; dry land2ashore; on land3army; ground forces4editor(-in-chief) (abbr.).ใหญ่ใหญ่yài1big; large2major; important3elder; senior ‘editor-in-chief’
Examples
บกbòkบกbòk1land; dry land2ashore; on land3army; ground forces4editor(-in-chief) (abbr.)ข่าวkàaoข่าวkàao1news; news report2news item; report3rumor; hearsayตรวจต้นฉบับdtrùuat-dtôn-chà-bàpตรวจต้นฉบับdtrùuat-dtôn-chà-bàp[to] proofread; copyeditอย่างละเอียดyàang-lá-ìiatอย่างละเอียดyàang-lá-ìiat1thoroughly; in detail; meticulously2finely; into very small piecesก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerส่งsòngส่งsòng1[to] send; dispatch2[to] submit; hand in; turn in3[to] drop off; deliver (someone/something)4[to] pass (to); feed (a ball)5[to] emit; transmit; send out6[to] escort; see offขึ้นkʉ̂nขึ้นkʉ̂n1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-countryหน้าเว็บnâa-wépหน้าเว็บnâa-wépwebpage
The news editor carefully checked the manuscript before publishing it on the website.
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เธอtəəเพิ่งpə̂ngได้รับdâi-rápตำแหน่งบกdtam-nɛ̀ng-bòkบันเทิงban-təəngดูแลduu-lɛɛเนื้อหาnʉ́ʉa-hǎaทั้งหมดtáng-mòtในnaiคอลัมน์kɔɔ-lamนี้níi
She just received the position of entertainment editor, overseeing all content in this column.
บกbòkบริหารbɔɔ-rí-hǎanเรียกประชุมrîiak-bprà-chumด่วนdùuanเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaปรับbpràpแผนpɛ̌ɛnรายงานพิเศษraai-ngaan-pí-sèetให้hâiทันกำหนดtan-gam-nòt
The managing editor called an urgent meeting to adjust the special report plan to meet the deadline.
บทความbòt-kwaamนี้níiผ่านpàanมือmʉʉบกbòkใหญ่yàiแล้วlɛ́ɛoก่อนจะgɔ̀ɔn-jàส่งต่อsòng-dtɔ̀ɔให้hâiทีมtiimพิสูจน์อักษรpí-sùut-àk-sɔ̌ɔnตรวจdtrùuatความถูกต้องkwaam-tùuk-dtɔ̂ngขั้นสุดท้ายkân-sùt-táai
This article has gone through the editor-in-chief before being forwarded to the proofreading team for the final accuracy check.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ก, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
bòk
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |