มืด
mʉ̂ʉtMeanings
1AdjectiveA1
dark; lacking light
having little or no light; not bright
Examples
ห้องนี้hɔ̂ng-níiห้องนี้hɔ̂ng-níithis roomมืดmʉ̂ʉtมืดmʉ̂ʉt1dark; lacking light2after dark; late3[to] get dark; become dark4gloomy; obscure (figurative)เปิดไฟbpə̀ət-faiเปิดไฟbpə̀ət-fai[to] turn on the light; [to] turn on the lightsหน่อยnɔ̀iหน่อยnɔ̀i1a little; a bit2polite softener (request)
This room is dark; turn on the light.
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The corridor is very dark; I can't see at all.
Last night the power went out, so the whole house was dark.
ช่วยchûuaiเปิดbpə̀ətหน้าต่างnâa-dtàangให้hâiหน่อยnɔ̀iห้องทำงานhɔ̂ng-tam-ngaanมืดmʉ̂ʉtเกินไปgəən-bpai
Please open the window; the office is too dark.
2AdjectiveA2
after dark; late
at a time when daylight has gone; late enough for it to be dark outside, not necessarily late at night
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillกลับบ้านglàp-bâanกลับบ้านglàp-bâan[to] go (back) home; return homeมืดmʉ̂ʉtมืดmʉ̂ʉt1dark; lacking light2after dark; late3[to] get dark; become dark4gloomy; obscure (figurative)ทุกวันtúk-wanทุกวันtúk-wan1every day; daily2daily; occurring every day
He comes home late at night every day.
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Yesterday I arrived at my room late at night because of traffic.
We talked until late at night and then parted ways.
He likes to go running late at night because the roads are clear and the air is cool.
3VerbA2
[to] get dark; become dark
to become dark as daylight fades
Examples
ห้าโมงเย็นhâa-moong-yenห้าโมงเย็นhâa-moong-yen15 p.m.2at 5 p.m.แล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ท้องฟ้าtɔ́ɔng-fáaท้องฟ้าtɔ́ɔng-fáasky; heavensเริ่มมืดrə̂əm-mʉ̂ʉtเริ่มมืดrə̂əm-mʉ̂ʉt[to] get dark; dusk falls
It’s five in the evening and the sky is starting to get dark.
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Once the sun sets, it will soon become dark.
During the rainy season it often gets dark quickly; we should hurry home.
ถ้าtâaเราraoยังyangเดินdəənต่อไปdtɔ̀ɔ-bpaiอีกหน่อยìik-nɔ̀iเดี๋ยวdǐiaoก็gɔ̂จะjàมืดmʉ̂ʉtและlɛ́มองmɔɔngทางtaangลำบากlam-bàak
If we keep walking a little longer, it will soon get dark and be hard to see the way.
4AdjectiveB2
gloomy; obscure (figurative)
figuratively unclear, grim, or discouraging (e.g., prospects, outlook)
Examples
เศรษฐกิจsèet-tà-gìtเศรษฐกิจsèet-tà-gìt1economy2economic conditions; the economyช่วงนี้chûuang-níiช่วงนี้chûuang-níi1these days; lately; currently2this period (of time); the current periodดูduuดูduu1[to] look; watch; see2[to] examine; check; inspect3[to] seem; appear4try; have a go5[to] divine; tell fortuneมืดmʉ̂ʉtมืดmʉ̂ʉt1dark; lacking light2after dark; late3[to] get dark; become dark4gloomy; obscure (figurative)โอกาสoo-gàatโอกาสoo-gàat1chance; opportunity2occasion3likelihood; probabilityหางานhǎa-ngaanหางานhǎa-ngaan[to] look for a job; seek employmentใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2new; different; fresh3again; anew4new; inexperienced (novice)ยากมากyâak-mâakยากมากyâak-mâakvery difficult; very hard
The economy looks grim right now; finding a new job is very difficult.
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หลังlăngทีมteemแพ้páeติดกันdtìt ganหลายlăaiเกมgaymอนาคตà-naa-kótของkŏngสโมสรsà-moh-sŏnเริ่มมืดrôem mêutสำหรับsăm-ràpแฟนๆfaen faen
After the team lost several games in a row, the club’s future started to look bleak for the fans.
แผนธุรกิจpɛ̌ɛn-tú-rá-gìtยังไม่ชัดเจนyang-mâi-chát-jeenทำให้tam-hâiภาพรวมpâap-ruuamการลงทุนgaan-long-tunมืดmʉ̂ʉtและlɛ́เสี่ยงsìiangสูงsǔung
The business plan is still unclear, making the overall investment outlook bleak and high-risk.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเงินทุนngən-tunหายไปhǎai-bpaiและlɛ́คู่ค้าkûu-káaถอนตัวtɔ̌ɔn-dtuuaแนวโน้มnɛɛo-nóomการฟื้นตัวgaan-fʉ́ʉn-dtuuaก็gɔ̂ยิ่งyîngมืดmʉ̂ʉtจนjonต้องdtɔ̂ngทบทวนtóp-tuuanกลยุทธ์gon-lá-yútใหม่màiทั้งหมดtáng-mòt
With funding gone and partners pulling out, the prospects for recovery are so bleak that we must reconsider the entire strategy.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableLong vowelEnds in -ด, a stop, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
mʉ̂ʉt
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Long vowel → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |