ลงมา
long-maaMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] come down; descend
to move from a higher place to a lower place toward the speaker or a nearby point
Examples
แมวmɛɛoแมวmɛɛocatลงlongลงlong1[to] go down; descend2[to] get off (vehicle)3down; downstream4[to] put; apply; record5[to] decrease; go down6[to] land; alightมาจากmaa-jàakมาจากmaa-jàak1[to] come from; be from (source/origin)2[to] originate/derive from3[to] result from; be due toต้นไม้dtôn-máaiต้นไม้dtôn-máai1tree2plants/greenery (general, esp. woody plants)
The cat is coming down from the tree.
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He has already come down from the mountain.
Can you please come downstairs?
ระวังตัวrá-wang-dtuuaด้วยdûuaiนะnáเหมือนmʉ̌ʉanมีอะไรmii-à-raiจะjàตกลงมาdtòk-long-maaจากjàakหลังคาlǎng-kaa
Be careful, it looks like something is about to fall down from the roof.
2ParticleB1
down toward the speaker (directional complement)
used after another verb to indicate downward motion toward the speaker or a reference point here (e.g., วิ่งลงมา, เดินลงมา)
Examples
ลูกบอลlûuk-bɔɔnลูกบอลlûuk-bɔɔnball (for sports/games)กลิ้งglîngกลิ้งglîng1[to] roll; tumble2rolling (movement)ลงlongลงlong1[to] go down; descend2[to] get off (vehicle)3down; downstream4[to] put; apply; record5[to] decrease; go down6[to] land; alightมาจากmaa-jàakมาจากmaa-jàak1[to] come from; be from (source/origin)2[to] originate/derive from3[to] result from; be due toเนินเขาnəən-kǎoเนินเขาnəən-kǎoa hill; gentle rise of land
The ball rolled down from the hill.
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เขาkǎoรีบrîipวิ่งwîngลงlongมาจากmaa-jàakชั้นบนchán-bonเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaได้ยินdâi-yinเสียงsǐiangคนkonเรียกrîiak
He quickly ran down from the upper floor when he heard someone call.
นักปีนเขาnák bpeen-kăoค่อยๆkôi kôiโรยตัวroy dtuuaลงlongมาจากmaa jàakหน้าผาnâa păaอย่างระมัดระวังyàang rá-mát-rá-wang
The climber slowly rappelled down from the cliff with caution.
น้ำตกnáam-dtòkสายsǎaiใหญ่yàiไหลlǎiหลั่งlàngลงมาlong-maaกระทบgrà-tópโขดหินkòot-hǐnเบื้องล่างbʉ̂ʉang-lâangจนjonเกิดเป็นgə̀ət-bpenละอองน้ำlá-ɔɔng-náamฟุ้งกระจายfúng-grà-jaai
The large waterfall cascaded down, hitting the rocks below, creating a cloud of mist.
3VerbB1
[to] decrease; come down (to a level)
to become lower in amount, level, or value; to drop to a specified figure (e.g., ราคาลงมาอยู่ที่…)
Examples
ราคาraa-kaaราคาraa-kaa1price; cost2[to] cost; [to be] priced atไข่ไก่kài-gàiไข่ไก่kài-gàichicken eggลงมาlong-maaลงมาlong-maa1[to] come down; descend2down toward the speaker (directional complement)3[to] decrease; come down (to a level)4up to; [number] and underนิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀iนิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀i1a little; a bit2a small amountแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)
The price of chicken eggs has come down a little bit.
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The temperature in the morning dropped down to 18 degrees.
หลังจากlǎng-jàakทำงานหนักtam-ngaan-nàkติดต่อกันdtìt-dtɔ̀ɔ-ganหลายlǎaiวันwanระดับพลังงานrá-dàp-pá-lang-ngaanของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoก็gɔ̂ตกลงมาdtòk-long-maaอย่างเห็นได้ชัดyàang-hěn-dâai-chát
After working hard for many consecutive days, his energy level dropped down noticeably.
ดัชนีdàt-chá-niiตลาดหุ้นdtà-làat-hûnดิ่งลงdìng-longมาmaaอย่างรวดเร็วyàang-rûuat-reoหลังจากlǎng-jàakการประกาศgaan-bprà-gàatขึ้นkʉ̂nอัตราดอกเบี้ยàt-dtraa-dɔ̀ɔk-bîia
The stock market index plunged down rapidly following the interest rate hike announcement.
4ParticleB1
up to; [number] and under
used after a number, rank, or level to mean that number and any lower one (e.g., อายุอายุaa-yú1age2[to] be X years old3lifespan; service life 12 ลงมาลงมาlong-maa1[to] come down; descend2down toward the speaker (directional complement)3[to] decrease; come down (to a level)4up to; [number] and under = age 12 and under)
Examples
เด็กdèkเด็กdèk1child; kid2young person (informal)อายุaa-yúอายุaa-yú1age2[to] be X years old3lifespan; service life12ปีbpiiปีbpii1year2classifier: yearsลงมาlong-maaลงมาlong-maa1[to] come down; descend2down toward the speaker (directional complement)3[to] decrease; come down (to a level)4up to; [number] and underเข้าชมkâo-chomเข้าชมkâo-chom1[to] visit; view (as a visitor)2[to] view; access (online content)ฟรีfriiฟรีfrii1free (no cost)2for free; without paying3free; unrestricted; loose
Children aged 12 and under can enter for free.
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พนักงานpá-nák-ngaanระดับrá-dàpผู้จัดการpûu-jàt-gaanลงมาlong-maaต้องdtɔ̂ngเข้าร่วมkâo-rûuamการอบรมgaan-òp-romในวันเสาร์นี้nai-wan-sǎo-níi
Employees from the manager level and below must attend the training this Saturday.
นักเรียนชั้นประถมnák-riian-chán-bprà-tǒm6ลงมาlong-maaจะมีjà-miiกิจกรรมgìt-jà-gamทัศนศึกษาtát-sà-ná-sʉ̀k-sǎaในnaiเดือนหน้าdʉʉan-nâa
Students from 6th grade and below will have a field trip next month.
ตามกฎหมายdtaam-gòt-mǎaiผู้pûuมีmiiรายได้raai-dâaiสุทธิsùt-tíตั้งแต่dtâng-dtɛ̀ɛ150,000บาทbàatลงมาlong-maaไม่ต้องmâi-dtɔ̂ngเสียsǐiaภาษีเงินได้paa-sǐi-ngən-dâaiบุคคลธรรมดาbùk-kon-tam-má-daa
According to the law, individuals with a net income of 150,000 baht and below are not required to pay personal income tax.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ง, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
long
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ลงlongลงlong1[to] go down; descend2[to] get off (vehicle)3down; downstream4[to] put; apply; record5[to] decrease; go down6[to] land; alight[to] go down; descendPart 1
+
มาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect marker[to] come; arrivePart 2
ลงมาlong-maaลงมาlong-maa[to] come down; descend[to] come down; descendWord